How to shorthand history?

There are several ways to shorthand history:

Once you have a clear idea, don't scratch your eyebrows and beard. History course is different from other courses, and it always has a time clue running through it. From ancient humans to the long feudal society, the establishment, prosperity and decline of every dynasty have their own reasons. We should learn to "cross the line". History is advancing, developing and progressing. (this is * * *). For example, ancient humans should master the discovery, living conditions and main characteristics of ancient humans; Slave society should find out when it began and which dynasties it experienced; Signs of feudal society and so on. Remember to scratch your eyebrows and beard, which may lead to a funny joke. 2. historical data raid. Screening and searching among numerous historical materials can be completed by scanning, for example, one eye and ten lines, from which the main historical materials are extracted and arranged in order. Such as: the Five Overlords in the Spring and Autumn Period, the Seven Heroes in the Warring States Period, the King of Qin sweeping Liuhe, the unification of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and the reform of Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty. If you want to have a clear goal, you must seize it. Three methods of comparison. "A good memory is better than bad writing", and when necessary, "do what you should do". Historical events can be compared with the categorized list of historical figures, which is not only clear at a glance, but also avoids confusion. For example, in the battles of winning more with less (the Battle of Julu, the Battle of Guandu, the Battle of Battle of Red Cliffs and the Battle of Feishui), we can compare the time, the number of people, the lineup of the warring parties, the tactics adopted and the results achieved, find out the similarities and differences, and sum up why we can win more with less. So that we can accurately grasp. Quadruple method. The new history textbook is a combination of knowledge and interest. Some historical materials can extract the elements of answering questions in the process of reviewing reading. For example, we can emphasize memory when evaluating historical celebrities such as Qin Shihuang, Confucius and Emperor Wudi. Recording their important lives, including their times, their achievements, their experiences, their influence on future generations, the process of sorting out is the process of memory, which frees them from the stereotype of rote memorization. But don't scratch the surface. Five-step skip reading method. Some words are very clear and simple, so you can extract the title in shorthand according to the entry and development of the topic. Generally, the title of the text is the answer to the question and answer, so there is no need to simplify the text or skip reading, and there is no need to focus on the explanation. For example, topics such as "cultural and scientific achievements" of various dynasties can be memorized in this way. Six comprehensive summary method. On the basis of holistic view, at least two or three lessons should be summarized and sorted out. As long as you master the basic general context of history and comprehensively summarize a person or a thing, it will be "logical". For the memory of such topics, it is generally necessary to combine speed reading with generalization, and to combine most short notes with a few detailed notes. For example, "What are the aspects of the unification of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty"? This kind of topic can be used as a comprehensive summary topic, which integrates the contents of two or three classes, including politics, ideology, culture, economy and military affairs. This kind of topic need not be memorized, as long as we understand the social background and social conditions of the time when Emperor Wu lived, this topic will be "solved". This method is also suitable for the topic of material analysis, but we should grasp the word "key".