Gansu customs and culture you don't know.

In the profound traditional culture of China, folk culture always occupies a very important position. China has a vast territory and abundant natural resources, and the living habits, diets, costumes, festivals and beliefs of each region will be different. Gansu is a province with a long history. Since ancient times, people's special customs have formed a unique Gansu culture. Let's get to know each other.

1. Customs in Gansu when 18 years old

New Year's Eve

Commonly known as "Nianguan", the 30th day of the twelfth lunar month (some years are 29th) is the last day of the lunar year. In the afternoon, every household cleaned the courtyard, tidied up the indoor and outdoor environment, and then posted Spring Festival couplets, door gods, half curtains, hung yellow money, burned incense to worship their ancestors and set off firecrackers to show farewell to the old and welcome the new. In the evening, every household eats green powder stew, which is called "loading warehouse", which means family reunion and longevity. After the whole family has had a full meal, they have to leave some factories, which means "to live a rich life for more than a year." That night, the whole family was completely sleepless, which was called "enduring the year" or "observing the year". Young students kowtow to their elders to bid farewell to the old year, and elders should give them "lucky money", also called "lucky money"

Qingming Festival

Qingming is one of the 24 solar terms in the lunar calendar. This is a day to sweep graves and worship ancestors, which is called "Spring Festival". Wuwei urban and rural customs, whoever has a grave, must go to the grave one or two days before Qingming Festival to pay homage, burn paper money and add soil; Those who have no graves burned paper money in the suburbs or in front of their homes or in the streets and lanes the night before in Tomb-Sweeping Day. It is forbidden to go to the grave and burn paper in Tomb-Sweeping Day that day. Legend has it that the paper money burned that day became iron money, and the deceased could not use it.

Dragon Boat Festival

The fifth day of the fifth lunar month is the Dragon Boat Festival, also called Duanyang Festival. It was early in the morning, and willow branches were planted at the door of every household, which meant to summon Qu Yuan's soul and avoid the plague. Children tie colored cotton or silk ropes on their wrists, sachets and wallets, and coat their mouths, noses and ears with realgar wine. It is said that this can avoid the five poisons (snake, scorpion, gecko, toad and centipede). There is a saying in Wuwei that "Dragon Boat Festival comes out in May". Boys and girls are wearing fashionable summer clothes and having a good time. Young women pay attention to embroidered vanilla wallets, decorate them with tassels and give them to relatives and friends.

In the past, unmarried girls put their wallets in skirts or braids to lure them away. If they don't take it off, they will feel ashamed and ugly. On that day, every household ate zongzi or oil cakes and burritos, and relatives and friends fed each other. In the afternoon, urban and rural residents went to visit old temples and Haizi in droves. Now that the seas are dry and the rocks are rotten, and the temples have been destroyed by the earthquake, I will visit the Confucius Temple, the ancient bell tower, Leitai, the sea burial park and Xijiao Park. Children climb trees and break branches in the wild and weave wicker hats to prevent heatstroke.

Mid-Autumn Festival

August 15th of the lunar calendar is the Mid-Autumn Festival. On this day, every household in urban and rural areas steamed moon cakes to show family reunion. Wuwei people's moon cakes are steamed with steamed noodles. For example, there are many kinds of inverted washbasins, such as layered moon cakes, twisted moon cakes, divided moon cakes and Gui Xiang, all of which are delicious. There is a saying that "the table is served on August 15th", which means that the autumn harvest has come to August, and the food is abundant. Relatives and friends give mooncakes to each other, which means keeping up with the joneses.

On the evening of August 15, the bright moon Ran Ran rises, and every family is in the yard, setting up incense tables, offering sacrifices such as moon cakes, melons and fruits, lighting candles and incense, and the whole family is sitting around to enjoy the moon. A little, housewives cut moon cakes and watermelons; The family is eating melon and moon cakes, talking and laughing, which is quite interesting. According to legend, the watermelon dedicated to the goddess of the moon must be cut into two serrated petals. If there are pregnant women at home, you can predict men and women by counting the number of melon teeth.

Second, the gold lock, silver lock, bolt lock

Zhangye folk used to have the custom of tying locks. "Locking" is a ceremony for children to do (that is, worship michel platini) during the "full moon", or a ceremony for young people and girls to get engaged. On the 29th day of the child's birth, there will be a "full moon". On this day, as soon as relatives and neighbors who have been to the full moon enter the house, they must first tie a "long life and wealth" lock to their children to show their blessings.

After "Baby Egg" can run and jump, parents will invite three people with different surnames and good conduct to be their children (that is, michel platini), saying that it can eliminate evil spirits and turn evil into good. After parents find a "dry big" for their children, they choose a good day, prepare a banquet, and then personally invite "dry big" to come. On this day, before eating, the three "dry big" must take out the "lock" in their arms and hang it around their necks.

The doll has grown up, speaking of daughter-in-law. Before marriage, she must be engaged, and the engagement must be locked. On this day, accompanied by relatives, the girl shyly came to the young man's house early and everything was ready. The host and the guest sat down leisurely. On a red table of Eight Immortals, the elders of both sides went over to padlock the children and girls, and the lock was hung. Even if the young man and the girl are tied together, the two families have officially become in-laws. Whether it's a full moon, a big fight or an engagement lock, it's the same thing. In the past, rich people asked silversmiths to customize gold locks or silver locks, and poor people either used copper locks or a string of copper coins instead.

Third, Longdong Shadow Play

Longdong shadow play, also known as lamp shadow and cowhide doll, is a stage performance tool and a folk handicraft. Longdong shadow play was a folk shadow play in ancient times, in which the light of edible clear oil (vegetable oil) was used as fuel to illuminate the silhouette of people made of cowhide as puppets. It can also be performed when the sun is shining during the day. This is called hot shadow play.

Shadow play originated very early. According to Longdong folklore, Hu Hai, the son of Qin Shihuang, cried all day when he was born. But one day, he stopped crying when he saw the figure shining on the window, but as soon as the figure left the window, he began to cry again. So Qin Shihuang ordered people to carve the shape of the performer and continue the performance. Hu Hai stopped crying and shadow play appeared.

During the Northern Song Dynasty, film performances were more common. "Jisheng in Beijing" said: "Every movie was carved with plain paper at first, and then covered with colored skins." In Song Renzong during the Qing Dynasty, Fan Zhongyan guarded Qingyang. At that time, artists rewarded soldiers for playing shadow play. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Dong Fuxiang, a general from Gansu Province, came to Beijing with a shadow puppet troupe from Huanxian County to celebrate Cixi's birthday.

Fourth, Kangning Farmhouse Style beyond the Great Wall

Kangning Village belongs to Xiaoman Township, Zhangye City. The village is relatively flat, extending gradually from south to north, and is rich in water resources. It belongs to Daman irrigation area, with fertile farmland, mainly producing wheat, corn, a small amount of millet, potatoes and beans, and cash crops are flax, apples and sunflowers.

Because Kangning Village has attached great importance to developing courtyard economy and planting pear trees for many years, its per capita annual income has always been the highest among all villages in the region, and it is a veritable "well-off village". Zhangye 1992—— 1993 This village has held two pear blossom festivals, and the pear blossoms with white flowers are in an endless stream, which makes tourists amazed and linger.