What is Zhan Tianyou's original content?

Zhan Tianyou is an outstanding patriotic engineer in China. Under his auspices, the railway from Beijing to Zhangjiakou was successfully built for the first time. This is the first railway trunk line designed and built entirely by China engineers and technicians. ?

The railway from Beijing to Zhangjiakou is 200 kilometers long, which is the traffic artery connecting North China and Northwest China. At that time, as soon as the Qing government put forward the construction plan, some imperialist countries came out to obstruct it. They all want to fight for the right to build this railway and further control the northern part of our country. The imperialists refused to let people go, and the matter dragged on for a long time They finally put forward a condition: if the Qing government used its own engineers to build the railway, it would not ask again. They thought that with such a threat (xié), the railway could not be started, and finally they had to turn to them. The imperialists got it all wrong. China had its own engineers at that time, and Zhan Tianyou was one of them. ?

1905, the Qing government appointed Zhan Tianyou as the chief engineer to build the Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway. When the news came out, it sensationalized the whole country. Everyone says we can win a sigh of relief this time. The imperialists think this is a joke. A foreign newspaper said contemptuously, "China engineers who can build a railway north of Nankou have not yet been born." It turns out that from the south exit to the north, through Juyongguan (YN ɡ) to Badaling, all the way is a cliff with high mountains and deep streams. In their view, famous foreign engineers dare not try such an arduous project easily, and China people can't finish it anyway.

Zhan Tianyou, not afraid of difficulties and ridicule, resolutely accepted the task and immediately began to survey the (kān) line. Where to cut mountains, where to build bridges, where to level steep slopes and where to reduce curvature all need to be investigated and carefully calculated. Zhan Tianyou often encourages the staff, saying, "Our work must be accurate first, and we can't be a little sloppy. The expressions' probably' and' almost' should not come from engineers. " He personally took students and workers, carried benchmarks and latitude and longitude (wěi) instruments, and fixed points and surveyed on the cliff. The Great Wall is often windy and dusty, and if you are not careful, you are in danger of falling into a deep valley. No matter how bad the conditions are, Zhan Tianyou always insists on working in the wild. During the day, he climbed mountains and surveyed routes; In the evening, he paints and calculates under the oil lamp. In order to find a suitable route, he often asks local farmers. When encountering difficulties, he always thought: This is the first railway built by China people themselves, and it must be built; Otherwise, not only those foreigners will laugh at us, but also the engineers in China will lose confidence. ?

The railway has to pass through many high mountains, so it is necessary to dig tunnels (SUI), among which Juyongguan and Badaling tunnels are the most difficult projects. Juyongguan Mountain is high and the rock stratum is thick, so Zhan Tianyou decided to adopt the method of simultaneous excavation from both ends to the middle. The spring water at the top of the mountain seeps downwards (shèn), and the tunnel is full of mud. There was no water pump on the construction site, so Zhan Tianyou took the lead in carrying buckets to drain water. He often eats and lives with the workers and never leaves the construction site. Badaling Tunnel is over 1 100 meters long, which is three times as long as Juyongguan Tunnel. He discussed with the old workers and decided to adopt the intermediate sinking method. First, two shafts were drilled down from the top of the mountain, and then dug at both ends. At the same time, the outer ends were constructed, and the construction period was shortened by half. ?

The railway passes near Qinglong Bridge, with a particularly steep slope. How can a train climb such a steep slope? Zhan Tianyou designed a herringbone line along the mountain. When the northbound train arrives at the south exit, two locomotives are used, one is pulling in front and the other is pushing back. After crossing the Qinglong Bridge, the train went northeast, crossed the fork of the herringbone line and turned upside down. The original locomotive was pulled and pushed, making the train turn to the northwest. In this way, it is much easier for the train to go up the hill. ?

The railway was completed in less than four years, two years ahead of schedule. This incident gave Mi Mi-o, who regarded China as an imperialist, a powerful counterattack. Today we go to Badaling by train and pass Qinglong Bridge Station. We can see a bronze statue, which is the statue of Zhan Tianyou.

Zhan Tianyou: (1861April 26th, 2009 to1965438+April 24th, 2009, English name: Jeme Tien Yow).

Han nationality, the word sincere as soon as possible, the number reaches the DPRK. Originally from Wuyuan, Huizhou, and originally from Nanhai County, guangzhou fu, Guangdong (now No.42 Yacai Lane, Shierfu West Street, Enning Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou). 12 years old to study in the United States, 1878 was admitted to the Department of Civil Engineering of Yale University, majoring in railway engineering. He is an expert in modern railway engineering in China and is known as the first chief railway engineer in China. He is responsible for the construction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway and other projects, and is known as "the father of Chinese railways" and "the father of modern engineering in China".

1905- 1909 presided over the construction of the first railway independently designed and built by China-Zhangjing Railway; The establishment of "shaft excavation method" and "herringbone" line shocked China and foreign countries; Planning and construction of Hu Jia, Luotong, Lu Jin, Jinzhou and Pingyi (lǐ)? Xinyi, Chaoshan, Yuehan and other railways have made great achievements. He is the author of Railway Terminology and Brief Introduction of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway Project.

Major achievements:

Tangshan Railway 1

Zhan Tianyou was recommended by his old classmate Mou to be an engineer in China Railway Corporation. Zhan Tianyou personally visited the construction site and shared weal and woe with the workers, which lasted more than 70 days and was completed and opened to traffic. Tangshan Railway is located in the east of Tangshan Mine 1 No.3 well in Kailuan Coal Mine. A railway passes through a culvert with a history of hundreds of years, and passes under Xinhua Road, the main road in Tangshan city, with a total length of12km. This is the first international standard gauge railway in China. Originally built from Tangshan Mine to Xugezhuang in Fengnan, it is still an important part of Jingshan Railway.

2. Luanhe Bridge

At the beginning of Luanhe Bridge 189 1, in the evening breeze of Westernization Movement, Li Hongzhang, an important official of the Qing court, was ordered to set up the "Beiyangguan Railway Bureau" in Shanhaiguan, and his right-hand men Zhou Lanting and Li Shutang were responsible for road construction and went all out to build the Kanto Railway (Guye-Shanhaiguan-Zhonghousuo-Fengtian, etc.). ). Although westernization and die-hards in the ruling and opposition parties have been arguing endlessly about the government's railway construction, Li Hongzhang signed an agreement with British technician Jinda of Kaiping Mining Bureau in 1892 to start the construction of the first section of the Kanto Railway from Guye to Shanhaiguan. In fact, as early as 188 1 year, China's first self-built railway, Tang Xu Railway, was put into operation. Although the horse-drawn steam locomotive was once a farce, China's railway industry has already begun to stumble forward. Unexpectedly, when the railway extended to the bank of Luanhe River, the roaring Luanhe River water brought the pace of road construction to an abrupt end. Facing the wide river, ambitious Jinda invited Cox, a world-class British railway expert, to confidently direct the construction of the bridge. However, the lower reaches of Luanhe River are wide and swift, with deep sediment in the riverbed, complex geological structure, repeated construction and collapse of piers, and everyone is at a loss. Proud British experts passed on this hot potato to German and Japanese experts after repeated setbacks in bridge construction, but it still ended in failure.

As the construction period approaches, Jinda thinks of Zhan Tianyou. After countries failed to build the Luanhe River Bridge, Zhan Tianyou asked the people of China to build it themselves. He made a detailed analysis of the reasons for the failure of various countries. After carefully measuring and studying the geological soil at the bottom of Luanhe River, he decided to change the pile position, adopt the traditional method of China, dive into the bottom of the river with divers from China, cooperate with the machine operation, successfully complete the piling task and build the Luanhe River Bridge. Luanhe River Bridge is a single-track railway bridge with a total length of 670.6m and a span of *** 17. Starting from the end of Shanhaiguan, it consists of nine 30.5m upper bearing steel trusses, five 1m lower bearing steel trusses, 30.5m upper bearing steel trusses and two 9. 14m upper bearing steel plates. From 1876 to191overthrowing the Qing dynasty, more than 6,000 bridges have been built in China Railway, among which Luanhe Bridge is the first bridge with advanced pneumatic caisson.