Who knows some stories that the ancients shamelessly questioned?

"Why did Kong Wenzi call the article also? Sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions, is also a text. "

Qi Huangong asked Guan Zhong about the strategy of governing the country.

Confucius asked Laozi for melody.

The story of the ancients who were not ashamed to ask questions in order to be "word teachers" often rings in their ears.

The so-called "word teacher" is a teacher who changes a word. If he changes a word in your poem, you will respect him as a teacher. This is of course your modesty, but more importantly, he is competent in every word. In this respect, he is really qualified to be a teacher.

There have been many stories about "word teachers" in China's ancient books. Here are some examples.

Miracle, a "Poet Monk" in Tang and Five Dynasties, wrote a poem "Early Plum", two of which are "A few branches opened in the former village of Zita Law last night". After reading it, the poet Zheng Gu suggested that "counting branches" should be changed to "one branch" instead of "early". Qi already felt that what he said was reasonable and immediately worshipped him as a "word teacher." Later, many people thought it was better to change "number" to "one", but Mr. Guo Moruo thought that Qi wrote the early plum in a rough way, and what happened was what happened, without rendering. There is nothing wrong with "counting branches", so "it is ok to change, but there is no need to change." Deliberate language and respect for facts can all be justified. It can be seen that different perspectives may lead to different views.

Satya Xi, a poet in Yuan Dynasty, wrote two poems: "The earth is wet and tired, and the moon comes to listen to Jingyang Bell." Many people praised it, but only an unknown old man smiled and shook his head. When Satyasi asked for advice, the old man said, "Although this couplet is good, the meanings of the words' smell' and' listen' are repeated, so' smell' should be changed to' look'." He also said that there was a famous saying in the Tang Dynasty that "the old monk in the forest came to watch the rain." Satisi bowed down as a "word teacher". Changing "smell" into "look" is not only to avoid repetition, but also "look" is more intuitive than "smell", so it can express "disgust" more. Wonderful!

When Xiao Chucai presided over the state affairs in Liyang, an official named Zhang Guaiya invited him to dinner. He saw a poem that had just been written on Zhang's case, which contained two sentences: "I hate Taiping alone, and Jiangnan killed Lao Shangshu casually." After a little meditation, he began to change "hate" to "luck". When asked, he said, "Your work is outstanding now, but the traitors are eager to move, but they are slow to move. Today, you should feel lucky that reunification is peaceful. Why do you hate peace alone? This is unreasonable! " Zhang Mao had an epiphany and worshipped Xiao as a "word teacher". "The change from' hate' to' lucky' is entirely based on reality. The ancients first refined "meaning" with language, and then refined "symbol"; Clear meaning, accurate words. It is the best policy to "refine words" without the external and internal environment.

There are many stories about the "word teachers" of our predecessors. These stories tell us the truth of learning and using a language from different angles. They inspire us far more than the beauty of a word itself. It is not easy to activate our thinking from a deeper level, and let us know that "seeking stability in a word" is not easy, but if it is realized, what a wonderful spiritual enjoyment it is!

The explanation of y: z: sh: refers to the misunderstanding of the word revision, which can be used as a teacher. It also means that the teacher changes one or two words in the poem. Li Xiang read the Spring and Autumn Annals of the Five Dynasties Kings in the Tang Dynasty. The "ge" of his uncle and grandson should be read as "ge", but Li misread it as "ge" When the little official said it, everyone was ashamed. "Life is small." Example sister is really a word teacher! From now on, I'll just call you Master, not Sister.

★ Back to the 18th Session of Cao Qingxue Qin's Dream of Red Mansions

When it comes to the relationship between doctors and doctors in history, many people will think of the stories of "sweeping" and "stepping on the snow nest", saying that Ye and Xue often disagree, each making an issue of his own research and attacking each other by innuendo. It seems that not sweeping or stepping on it is not enough to get over it. People have regarded it as a joke and rumor for hundreds of years.

Ye and Xue are both doctors of epidemic febrile diseases. Judging from their attitude towards people and diseases, this rumor is quite doubtful.

Ye Tiantu is notoriously open-minded and eager to learn, even after becoming famous. There are many stories about him who is open-minded and eager to learn and is not ashamed to ask questions. In order to learn knowledge, he changed his name and surname and worshipped a famous doctor named Liu as a teacher. He also took pains to dress up as a poor man and learn from the old monk, only after finishing his studies did he disclose his name.

His font size also shows his medical ambition. His name is Xiang Yan, and there is an interesting story in it. At the same time, there is a Suzhou musician with superb skills. In order to make a living, he went to Beijing to perform arts and made a lot of money. After returning to Suzhou, he saw that many poor families had no clothes and food. He generously built a "Puji Hospital" in a place called "Tiger Hill" to help the poor. His fame soon spread throughout the village. In the fifty-fifth year of Kangxi, Michelle Ye, the holy father of Qing Dynasty, heard about this matter, personally wrote down the plaque of "Xiang Yan Puji" and presented it to Puji Hospital. Ye Tiantu takes the word "Xiang Yan" as a symbol, indicating that he is determined to learn from the artist's spirit of helping others.

Despite his great fame, Ye Shi Tian never boasted and was very modest. I often turn to other experts for help when treating diseases. When you encounter a disease that you can't cure, you don't try to be brave and are willing to listen to the opinions of your peers. For a doctor named Zhang who accidentally cured his mother's illness, he boasted to everyone: Dr. Zhang's medical skills are better than mine, so I can ask him to see a doctor. I don't understand: Ye, who is open-minded and humble, is sorry for Xue and not afraid of others' jokes? Isn't this incompatible with his traditional attitude towards treating diseases?

Xue, who is thirteen years younger than Ye, has always admired Ye's superb medical skills. According to Suzhou Biography, Xue "made good use of Ye Fang, and clapped his hands." Since Xue worships Ye so much in his heart, how can he turn against each other and even humiliate each other? Besides, this is not in line with Xue's character. Xue's "A Ladle of Poems" is very "individual". It is believed that "if you have a mind, your character will be high." If you have a high character, you must have something extraordinary. "The cultivation of personality is directly related to the achievements of the cause. Visible. He attaches great importance to moral cultivation. So those rumors are not credible from any angle. But it is these rumors that obliterate the noble image of the two doctors and have a bad influence in the field of Chinese medicine.

Yes, there was a "sweeping Ye Zhuang" in history, but its original intention was not aimed at Ye Tiantu. Volume 9 of Guichao contains the article "Sweeping Collection", which introduces the origin of Xue's "Sweeping". The general idea is that "sweeping" is the place where Xue writes books. Because the trees there are lush and the fallen leaves are sealed, Xue often calls the book boy to sweep the fallen leaves on the floor, so it is named "Sweeping Leaf Village", which has a meaning; Because of Xue's annotation of Yi, it can be made up at the end of Yi, and it is like sweeping away leaves. The second meaning is meaningless to Ye Tiantu. It is completely far-fetched to associate the leaf with the leaf's surname.

The book describing the rumors of "mopping up" and "stepping on snow" is represented by Wang Youliang's "Collected Works of Shuangpeizhai". However, some people argue from the perspectives of medical history and literature that this article was not written by Wang Youliang himself, but was added by later generations according to rumors when finishing and publishing. At this point, Ye and Xue's "unjust, false and wrong cases" were rehabilitated.

In history, there are many examples of doctors' sincere unity and sincerity. Zhu Danxi's association with Ge Kejiu, a famous doctor in Jin and Yuan Dynasties, is an example. Once, a woman in central Zhejiang got tuberculosis (now tuberculosis). She is skinny and dying, and many doctors are at a loss. With a glimmer of hope, the patient turned to Zhu Danxi for treatment. After careful treatment by Danxi, his condition improved obviously, but the blush on his cheeks never subsided. Zhu Danxi said to the patient, "That's all I can do. Now please ask Ge Kejiu, a famous doctor in Wuxian County, to apply acupuncture treatment and recover completely. However, this person is hard to please. " He just thought about it and said, "well, I'll write you a letter and bring it here." He will definitely come. " The patient was very happy and rented a boat to invite Ge Kejiu. Gekejiu-saw Zhu Danxi's letter, that is, "No thanks, no return", and got on the boat. Zhu Danxi introduced the situation of this woman in detail and invited Ge Kejiu to see her. Ge Kejiu thinks that the disease lies in the chest and lungs, and the remaining pathogens are unclean, so it is necessary to acupuncture two breasts. So, he took out the needle and stabbed her breast through the thin clothes, and the blush on the patient's face disappeared. Zhu Danxi carefully observed and pondered, and learned the knowledge of acupuncture. In medical technology, Zhu Danxi admits his shortcomings in front of patients, which requires a broad mind! Ge Kejiu is always responsive, which also reflects the sincere friendship with Danxi. This story can be regarded as a rare news of TCM consultation.

Of course, due to different schools of thought and different academic opinions, it is common for doctors to have academic arguments, which can promote the development of medicine and is worth advocating, such as the academic arguments of four scholars in Jin and Yuan Dynasties. In addition, influenced by feudal bad habits, some doctors do have some opinions, which hinder the development of Chinese medicine and are not conducive to academic exchanges of Chinese medicine, and should be resolutely abandoned.