How to understand the significance of formative assessment to the development of primary school students' comprehensive language ability?

"English Curriculum Standards" points out: "The evaluation system should reflect the diversity of evaluation subjects and evaluation forms, and the evaluation should pay attention to the development process and learning effect of students' comprehensive language application ability, and adopt a combination of formative evaluation and summative evaluation, paying attention to both results and processes, so as to realize the harmonious unity of learning process evaluation and learning result evaluation. "It should be said that the concept of formative evaluation is not only a theoretical innovation, but also a conceptual leap. The essence of teaching evaluation is to make an overall evaluation of students' learning effect and development potential. Formative evaluation refers to the evaluation of the effect of teaching activities in order to adjust the process of activities and ensure the realization of goals. It is an evaluation in the teaching process, and it is an evaluation of students' learning activities by using the knowledge they have learned and the progress they have made in the learning process, as well as the teaching effect that students have seen through participating in the evaluation. The measures of formative assessment of primary school English are like a baton, guiding students' emotional attitudes and values, and even guiding students' learning methods and strategies. Therefore, we should not only pay attention to the concept of formative evaluation itself, but also use artistic methods to evaluate it. German educator Dostoevsky once pointed out: "The art of teachers lies not in imparting skills, but in inspiring, awakening and inspiring. "Because students' life and study are composed of small details, the starting point of formative evaluation is in the process of subtle influence. Formative evaluation methods: 1, self-evaluation and mutual evaluation Self-evaluation and mutual evaluation play an important role in formative evaluation, which can not only cultivate students' self-esteem and correct self-evaluation ability, but also help to protect students' self-esteem and improve students' self-confidence. In classroom teaching, each unit is evaluated once. The evaluation standard is ABC III. Class A: preview before class, review after class, raise your hand actively in class, speak fluently, articulate clearly and have good pronunciation and intonation. There are both individual activities and group activities to finish homework on time and with high quality. B and so on I have previewed or reviewed, can answer the teacher's questions, sometimes take the initiative, speak clearly, finish my homework basically, and the quality is average. C and so on. There is less preview before class and less review after class. There is little or no passive speech in class, the speech is unclear, the language is not pleasant to the ear, it is difficult to understand, the homework can not be completed in time, and the quality is not high. Through self-evaluation and mutual evaluation, students can find out the achievements and shortcomings in English learning, adjust the learning plans and steps at each stage, and constantly improve the learning process, which also plays the role of self-supervision and mutual supervision. For example, in the process of students' self-evaluation, you can also use the "English Practice Activity Card" to record students' use of English to communicate and participate in extracurricular activities, such as: Is the class discipline in this unit good? Is it active to participate in classroom activities? Do you communicate in English after class? Are you involved in any extra-curriculum in school? Handwritten newspapers, quality books, performances, speeches, etc. ), mainly to cultivate students' ability to do things in English, "apply what they have learned", and to cultivate and improve students' ability of self-evaluation. In order to facilitate the evaluation, group cooperative learning can be used for evaluation. Teams with active participation, good discipline and good performance will win the collective award. Change the name of the competition group according to what you have learned, such as China and the United States; Apple Team and Orange Team: Panda Team and Rabbit Team; There are "hamburgers" and "French fries"; "Boys" and "girls" teams. This evaluation form is very interesting to students in primary schools, especially in middle and lower grades (obtained by talking with others in the internship stage), which not only cultivates students' sense of cooperation, but also cultivates their sense of collective honor, and objectively plays a role in promoting mutual evaluation among students. 2. Teachers' evaluation of students' self-evaluation and mutual evaluation must be combined with teachers' evaluation. When evaluating students, the role of teachers is to show and demonstrate learning methods and evaluation methods to help students evaluate themselves. For example, the method of preview, primary school English is in the primary stage, students do not know how to teach themselves English, what to learn, and to what extent. It is necessary for teachers to urge students to study by arranging preview homework. The preview homework should be arranged in detail, and it is necessary to check whether there is any arrangement. Through inspection, we can find out the problems in students' self-study and make teachers' teaching and understanding correct. Over time, students will develop the habit of self-study in order to achieve the intended purpose. 3. Cooperative evaluation In teaching evaluation, teachers and students face students' problems together, and various evaluation methods not only provide students, but also provide teachers with information about teaching and learning. Students get personal feedback to clarify the direction of their efforts, and teachers get personal feedback in order to improve teaching and provide more meaningful and targeted guidance for students. Parents are also the main body of educational evaluation. Parents are the direct participants in education, and they are also the important persons responsible for the educational results. Parents often use their own value judgments to educate students, teachers and the whole education. 4, the use of multimedia In order to enable students to apply what they have learned in class to their lives, I encourage students to record situational dialogues, poems, songs, short stories and so on. Show short stories or story plots in the form of paintings in the computer, collect poems, short stories, jokes, humor, etc. On the internet, copy it on disk and give it to the teacher as homework. Then I arranged a class to demonstrate in class. I encourage students to try boldly. 5. Set up student files. I collected the data of students this semester and set up an English learning file for each student. For example, (1) give each student a pocket folder, write down his name, and explain to the students that each unit should collect at least one homework and put it in the folder. (2) Choose an assignment that students think is most satisfactory from the assignment folder and put it in the study portfolio. Ask one or two students to explain why they chose this article. (3) Instruct students to put a "progress card" in their portfolios every week and a "stage evaluation card" every month. (4) Guide students to reflect on the contents of learning files. Let the students communicate in group activities. (5) Instruct students to attach the unit evaluation form to the selected homework, store it in the study file and keep it properly. By the end of the semester, I will evaluate their comprehensive English learning ability according to their best performance in a period of time. The file shows the students' learning attitude, efforts, development and progress. The purpose, function and far-reaching significance of formative evaluation: The purpose of evaluation is to effectively promote and improve the curriculum development, help teachers to know the implementation of the curriculum and the actual situation of students in time, find out the practical problems existing in students' learning, explore appropriate methods to solve the practical problems of students, and effectively adjust the curriculum. Through diversified evaluation, encourage and organize students to carry out cooperative evaluation and self-evaluation, teachers should gradually change their roles, from the role of "examiner" to the role of cooperating with students and completing evaluation. ; Pay attention to comprehensive evaluation; Using dynamic evaluation criteria, flexible rating, and using descriptive language to evaluate students objectively and scientifically; We should not only pay attention to students' academic performance, but also pay attention to students' ideological and moral character and the development of various potentials, and pay attention to students' innovative ability and practical ability; We should pay attention to both the improvement of teachers' professional level and the cultivation of teachers' professional ethics; We should not only pay attention to the overall teaching quality of the school, but also pay attention to the implementation of quality education ideas in the management links of the school's curriculum management and teaching implementation, so as to form a lively and open educational atmosphere. Evaluation criteria should not only pay attention to the unified requirements of students, teachers and schools, but also pay attention to individual differences and different development needs, so as to provide students, teachers and schools with certain personality and distinctive development space. At present, the problem of paying too much attention to scores in the evaluation of basic education in China is serious. Therefore, the new round of curriculum reform puts forward the establishment of "process-based and development-promoting" curriculum evaluation method, which pays more attention to individual progress and various development potentials on the basis of comprehensive evaluation. Desalinate screening and selection to realize the transformation of evaluation function; Pay attention to individual differences and realize the diversification of evaluation indicators. The development of students is the starting point and destination of English courses. The implementation of the curriculum should be a process in which students construct knowledge, improve skills, sharpen their will, activate their thinking, show their personality, develop their minds and broaden their horizons under the guidance of teachers. As English educators, we should change our concepts and roles and change the classroom teaching mode. From only attaching importance to knowledge transmission to people-oriented development, the great pride of "for the development of every student" has changed. At the same time, the continuous improvement of teachers' quality is a favorable guarantee for the implementation of the new curriculum, and it is also a prerequisite for exploring new scientific evaluation mechanisms and developing various teaching resources. Strengthen cooperation, give full play to collective wisdom, and achieve the goal of * * * sharing resources and * * * improving together. Standardize and scientifically sort out and collect students' experiences and achievements in the learning process, and encourage them, so that students can truly taste the encouragement and joy of evaluation and establish a positive and healthy psychology. Strengthen the research and exploration of evaluation mechanism to form the coordination and integrity of goal setting, teaching process, curriculum evaluation and resource development. Give full play to the function of evaluation to promote development, and make the process of evaluation a process to promote the development and improvement of teaching. Giving full play to the positive guiding role of evaluation is conducive to students' continuous experience of the progress and success of English learning, to students' understanding of themselves, and to establishing and maintaining their interest and confidence in English learning. It is helpful for teachers to get feedback information about English teaching, reflect and adjust their teaching behavior, thus promoting teachers to continuously improve their professional level. It is helpful for schools and education administrative departments to keep abreast of the implementation of courses, improve teaching management and promote the continuous development and perfection of English courses. The evaluation process and results should also help parents and society to understand students' learning situation, teaching objectives and the development direction of education, and promote the implementation of the curriculum. Carrying out the people-oriented educational concept in the evaluation will encounter various problems and challenges in the specific process. We should abandon the old evaluation that we are used to "evaluation is examination", "evaluation should be differentiated" and "evaluation is good or bad", and establish a new evaluation concept that makes every child feel a successful experience through evaluation.