What was the main purpose of Germany's occupation of Norway at the beginning of World War II? Did Germany occupy Norway by navy or army?

First, heavy water resources.

Heavy water is an indispensable raw material for making atomic bombs. It is extracted from ordinary water containing special minerals.

At that time, the only factory in the world that could extract heavy water was Norsk Electro-chemical Plant in Norway.

1940, Germany conducted nuclear fission research experiments and ordered heavy water from Norsk electrochemical plant in Norway, which

The annual output of heavy water increased from 300 pounds to 6.5438+0 million pounds. After Germany occupied Norway, Hitler ordered the factory to mass produce heavy goods.

Water was transported to Germany, which accelerated the experimental process of atomic fission.

Second, protect the transportation road of iron ore.

Germany is a country with poor resources. The main sources of iron ore are Ruhr-gebiet and Sweden. Iron deficiency in China

Mine full mining can't meet the needs of production. Moreover, the iron ore imported from Sweden accounts for two-thirds of the output every year.

A strong one. So Swedish iron ore is very important to Germany. Without Swedish iron ore, there would be no Germany.

Armored forces.

Sweden's iron ore departs from Norway's port of Narvik and then is transported to Germany. The whole route happens to be in Norwegian territorial waters.

Inside. Since the outbreak of the war, German ships have been sailing freely in Norwegian territorial waters, which of course the Allies do not want to see.

Here, Churchill publicly appealed and secretly tried to stop this situation. Later, Britain and France agreed to go first.

Narvik Bray stopped German ships from moving, and then sent troops to capture Narvik. And try to build on it.

Take another route of German iron ore transportation-Luliwu Port.

Three. Stop British and American support for the Soviet Union

At that time, British and American aid to the Soviet Union started from the United States and Canada, passed through Iceland and Britain and then went to the northern part of the Soviet Union.

Murmansk Port, an ice-free port, and after Germany occupied Norway, some routes were within the operational radius of German fighters.

The German Air Force can attack transport ships and warships very easily. It's better than the German navy sending warships and submarines to intercept.

That's too much.

Fourth, put pressure on Britain.

After the occupation of Norway, Scarpa Bay, an important military port in northern England, and all seaports in eastern England were far away from Germany.

Within the bombing radius of the bomber (but no fighter can escort the whole process, after giving up the sea lion operation, Germany

The air force did not use the air force stationed in Norway to bomb Britain)

V. Opening the sea

On the eve of the war, the German navy all went out to sea to cruise according to orders to prevent the German navy from appearing in World War I.

Blockade in the Baltic Sea. But warships always come back to rest. If you go to France, you will be too close to England.

Not worth blowing up. During the whole war, except submarines, none of Germany's main warships took France as their mother.

Hong Kong) went to the North Sea and was chased by the British Navy. To capture Norway, warships can at least accept Germany.

Air force protection.

In addition, during the war, many German merchant ships risked their lives to transport resources and recruit volunteers for Germany (in

There is a German war criminal in Brothers Company. He is an American and listens to Hitler's call to return to Germany to join the army. )

Intransitive verb weather forecast

Especially before Normandy landing, accurate weather forecast is very important.

Under the influence of monsoon climate, the weather in Norway will be that of Germany and France in a week or two. (Germany

China meteorologists failed to predict the fine weather on June 6th, which cost the Germans the battle of Normandy.

Seven, "Westwald" incident

It is also the reason why Hitler directly decided to invade Norway.

At this stage of the war, the most important naval action affecting Norway's neutrality was taken by the British navy in February 1940, when the destroyer Cossack sailed into the Yersen Fjord and forcibly approached the German naval vessel Altemark (then the auxiliary ship of the Earl Spy). A team led by Navy Colonel philip vian (later a knight in Admiral of the fleet) boarded the enemy ship, defeated the German crew, and rescued 299 British prisoners of war captured by the Earl of Speed and hidden on the Altemark. Several shots were fired in the battle, killing four Germans.

A military conflict between a country and a third country of another country is a very serious international event, and the two countries are still belligerents. But Norway is just a perfunctory protest. Churchill thought Norway was weak and bullied, and ordered the British navy to start laying mines in Norwegian waters, threatening the German iron ore transportation line. On this basis, Hitler believed that Norway had fallen into the hands of Britain and ordered the start of "Weseth exercise"

No troops were sent to Sweden or Finland.

Finland allied itself with Germany, while Sweden, although a neutral country, has always been biased towards Germany, so it did not attack.

When Germany attacked Norway, it was already a three-dimensional war, and all the armed forces were dispatched.

The air force first seized the air superiority and bombed the ground targets, and then the air force paratroopers seized the airport. After occupying the airport, the air force delivered

The transport plane continued to transport subsequent paratroopers and troops.

The navy seized control of the sea, shelled coastal targets, and then covered the army to forcibly seize the beach.

Due to the unfavorable progress of "Operation Sea Lion", the German Marine Corps could not cross the well-defended British Sea by the British Navy and Air Force.

Gorge, so trying to use the North Sea ice shelf from northern England to directly enter northern England?

In addition, when Germany invaded Norway, the sea lion plan had not been put forward. There are no marines in Germany. Beihai ice

The shelf is not as big as Dacheng.

Germany began to attack and occupy France after occupying southern Norway, and Germany began only after France surrendered.

In order to attack Britain, the "Sea Lion Project" was put forward at this time. Norway has been occupied for a long time.

Because before this, Germany had no experience of landing on the beach, and it was the first large-scale airborne operation, and it was unprepared for such operations.

The Germans lost more than 5000 people, including three cruisers and destroyers 10. Britain, France and Norway suffered more than 5,000 casualties, Britain lost 1 aircraft carrier, 2 cruisers, 7 destroyers and France lost 1 destroyer.

Such a loss is nothing to Britain and France, but it is a considerable loss to Germany. Although Admiral of the fleet, Lei Deer and Hitler in Germany thought it was worthwhile, the German navy never took any large-scale action (except the action of Helhounds). Completely reduced to a hunting fleet, only scattered hunting merchant ships, not against the British fleet.