The most important factor in interior design.

Color is the most expressive and infectious factor in design. It produces a series of physiological, psychological and similar physical effects through human visual feelings, forming rich associations and profound meanings and symbols. In indoor environment, color should mainly meet its functional and spiritual requirements, aiming at making people feel comfortable. Color itself has some characteristics, and giving full play to these characteristics in interior design will give the design moving charm and make the interior space shine.

(A), the physical effect of color

In terms of physical properties, such as cold and warm, distance, weight, size, etc. The physical function of color can play a great role in interior design.

1, temperature sensing

In chromatics, colors with different tones are divided into hot colors, cold colors and warm colors. Red, purple, orange, yellow to yellow-green are called hot colors, and orange is the hottest. From cyan to cyan, it is called cool color, and cyan is the coldest. Purple is a mixture of red and cyan, and green is a mixture of yellow and cyan, so it is a warm color. This is consistent with the long-term sensory experience of human beings, such as red and yellow, which makes people feel hot when they see the sun, fire, steelmaking furnace, etc. And cyan and green make people feel cool when they see rivers, lakes, oceans, green fields and forests.

2. Sense of distance

Color can make people feel different in advance and retreat, bump and distance. Generally, warm colors and colors with high lightness have the effect of advancing, protruding and approaching, while cool colors and colors with low lightness have the effect of retreating, sinking and moving away. These characteristics of color are often used to change the size and height of space in interior design. For example, when the room space is too high, it can be used to feel the color, weaken the sense of space and improve the sense of intimacy; When the wall is too large, shrinkage color should be adopted; When the column is too thin, light color should be used; When the column is too thick, dark color should be used to reduce the sense of stupidity.

3. Sense of weight

The heavy feeling of color mainly depends on lightness and purity, and those with high lightness and purity are light, such as pink and light yellow. In the composition of interior design, it is often used to achieve the needs of balance and stability, as well as to express personality such as lightness and solemnity.

4. Sense of scale

The influence of color on the size of an object includes hue and lightness. Warm colors and high brightness colors have diffusion effect, so the object appears large, while cool colors and dark colors have condensation effect, so the object appears small. Different lightness and warmth are sometimes expressed through comparison. The size of different furniture and objects in the room is closely related to the color treatment of the whole indoor space. Color can be used to change the scale, volume and sense of space of objects, and make the relationship between indoor parts more harmonious.

(B), the color of people's physiological and psychological response

Color has rich meanings and symbols, and people show different likes and dislikes for different colors. This psychological reaction is often caused by the association caused by people's life experiences and colors, and it is also inseparable from people's age, personality, literacy, nationality and habits. For example, when you see red, you associate it with the sun, the source of all life, so that you feel reverence and greatness, and you can also associate it with blood, anxiety and brutality, and so on. When we see the yellow-green color, we associate it with the germination and growth of plants and feel the coming of spring, so we regard it as youth, vitality, hope, development, peace and so on. Seeing yellow, like the sun shining on the earth, I feel clear, active and excited. Psychological and physical effects of color, such as heat and cold, distance, weight, size, etc. Emotional stimuli, such as excitement, depression, happiness, depression, turmoil, calm, etc. ; Symbolic images, such as solemnity, lightness, rigidity, richness and simplicity, are used by people to create psychological space, express inner feelings and reflect thoughts and feelings like magic.

Second, the color environment and atmosphere

"Color environment and atmosphere" is to explore the relationship between indoor color collocation and people's physiology and psychology. Color is an important and easy-to-produce element in interior design, and it is also an indoor element with low cost and convenient construction. If I want to change the atmosphere of a space, I can spend a little money and time on color to achieve my goal and even change the function of the space. If we buy better latex paint, we can redo the color of furniture or walls in a short time. We can even change the colors of our home in spring, summer, autumn and winter with the changes of seasons and moods.

Color can affect your feeling of space and light, and can express heat and cold, old and new, or far and near. Even the smallest color change can make the whole room look warmer or wider. Anyone can decorate a lifeless room with joyful and festive colors, which will produce a joyful and bright visual effect and make people be elated. Clever use of colors can improve your surrounding environment, inject vitality into your room, make ordinary rooms unusual and show your personality.

Third, the principles of indoor environment color design

Color design plays a role in changing or creating a certain style in interior design, which will bring certain visual differences and artistic enjoyment to people. Seventy-five percent of the impression people get in the first few seconds of entering a certain space is the feeling of color, and then they will understand the body. Therefore, the first impression of color is an important factor that can not be ignored in interior decoration design. The color design in indoor environment should follow some basic principles, so as to better carry out color service and overall space design, thus achieving the best state.

(A), the law of overall unity

In interior design, color harmony is like the rhythm and harmony of music. In the indoor environment, various colors interact in space, and harmony and contrast are the most fundamental relationships. How to properly handle this relationship is the key to create an indoor space atmosphere. Color harmony refers to the closeness of color elements-hue, lightness and purity, thus creating a sense of unity, but we should avoid being too dull, dull and monotonous. Therefore, color harmony should be manifested in contrast and harmony in contrast (including cold and warm contrast, light and shade contrast and purity contrast).

Color contrast refers to the distance between color lightness and chromaticity. The contrast of interior decoration is too big, which makes people dizzy and even brings excessive excitement. Therefore, it is very important to master the principles of color matching and the relationship between coordination and contrast. Colorful colors add a variety of atmosphere to interior design, and harmony is the basic means to control, improve and strengthen this atmosphere. We must carefully analyze the relationship between harmony and contrast in order to make indoor colors more poetic.

(B), people's emotional laws of color

Different colors will bring different feelings to people's psychology, so we should consider people's emotional colors when determining the colors of rooms and decorations. For example, black is generally only used as a decorative color. Imagine that if the room is black in a large area, people may find it emotionally unacceptable, and people will feel uncomfortable living in such an environment. For example, the elderly are suitable for stable colors, and calm colors are also beneficial to the physical and mental health of the elderly; Young people are suitable for contrasting colors, which makes people feel the breath of the times and the fast pace of life; Children are suitable for light blue and light pink with high purity; Athletes are suitable for light blue, light green and other colors to relieve excitement and fatigue; Soldiers can adjust the monotonous color of barracks with bright colors; The weak can use orange and warm green to make themselves feel relaxed and happy.

(3) Meet the functional requirements of indoor space.

Different spaces have different functions, and the color design should change accordingly with different functions. Indoor space can use the lightness of color to create an atmosphere. Using high-definition color can get dazzling indoor space atmosphere; Decorate with low brightness colors and dark lighting, giving people a feeling of "privacy" and warmth. As far as people's lives are concerned, indoor space often has a timeless concept. For example, the color of office and living room directly affects people's lives in some ways. Therefore, a quiet, soft and comfortable space atmosphere can be obtained by using various grays with low purity. Bright colors with high purity can obtain a cheerful, lively and pleasant space atmosphere.

(4) Strive to meet the needs of space composition.

Indoor color allocation must meet the needs of space composition, give full play to the beautification of indoor color to space, and correctly handle the relationship between coordination and contrast, unity and change, subject and background. In interior color design, we must first determine the main color of space color. The main tone of color plays a leading, foil and foil role in the indoor atmosphere. There are many factors that form the main color tone of indoor colors, mainly the lightness, chromaticity, purity and contrast of indoor colors. Secondly, we should deal with the relationship between unity and change, and demand change on the basis of unity, so that good results can be achieved easily. In order to achieve uniform and changeable effect, large-area color blocks should not use too bright colors, and small-area color blocks can appropriately improve the brightness and purity of colors. In addition, the interior color design should reflect the sense of stability, rhythm and rhythm. In order to achieve the sense of stability of space color, the color relationship of emphasizing on the top and neglecting on the bottom is often adopted. The ups and downs of indoor colors should form a certain rhythm and sense of rhythm, and pay attention to the regularity of colors, otherwise the space will become chaotic and a failure.

Fourth, integrate natural colors into indoor space.

The space of indoor and outdoor environment is a whole, and outdoor color is closely related to indoor color, and does not exist in isolation. Introducing natural colors into the room and creating an atmosphere of natural colors in the room can effectively deepen the intimate relationship between man and nature. Natural grassland, trees, flowers, pools, stones, etc. It is an important part of interior decoration. These natural objects are extremely rich in color, which can give people a relaxed and happy association, bring people into a relaxed and natural space, and at the same time integrate the inner and outer space. Nature has given human beings colorful natural space, and human beings also love to yearn for nature. The colors of nature are bound to resonate with people's aesthetic taste. Interior designers often claim that materials come from the colors of animals and plants Only from the series of fire boards, they use natural objects such as imitation marble, imitation granite and imitation log to reproduce, which can give people a natural, cordial and harmonious feeling. It is human's desire to fully consider natural colors in interior design to create a natural atmosphere in interior space, and it is also a theme of interior design to let human return to nature.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion

Color is the soul of interior environment design. Indoor color has a great influence on the sense of space, comfort, environmental atmosphere and efficiency of interior design, and also has a great influence on people's physiology and psychology. Color is full of emotion and change, and the wonderful use of color factors in design can often achieve surprising results. Color is one of the most precious wealth endowed by nature. It gives mankind the right to "make up" for the whole world. We should give full play to the functional characteristics of color and create a harmonious, comfortable and emotional indoor space.