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Can you introduce pantomime?
Mime is a drama that uses movements and expressions to express the plot. Pantomime has a long history. The word "mime" comes from the Greek word meaning "imitator". Mime is a dramatic form that uses body movements and expressions to express the plot without using lines. Physical movement is the basic means of pantomime. Its accuracy and rhythm should not only imitate, but also have inner expression and poetic connotation. In the 3rd century BC, pantomime performances began in Rome. In England and France, ancient silent performances of harlequins often took place before large-scale theatrical performances.
Introduction to pantomime
Pantomiyǎjù [pantomime; mummery; dumb show] A drama that expresses the plot without dialogue or singing but only with movements and expressions. The art of pantomime is called the "silent poet". It not only requires the foundation of drama performance and dance skills, but also requires high literary accomplishment. Some people who had dabbled in the art of pantomime have quit. In the end, only Wang Jingyu, You Benchang, Wang Deshun and Chen Jianqiu were left struggling in the mime circle. As an independent drama, pantomime has experienced stagnation and discontinuation. You Benchang pointed out that the fault in pantomime is also closely related to the ideological concepts of some actors today.
The origin of pantomime
In the 3rd century BC, pantomime performances were already performed in Rome. In England and France, ancient silent performances of harlequins often took place before large-scale theatrical performances. Modern pantomime originated from the French pantomime master Deblo (1796 ~ 1846). He created the character Bierrot and compiled and performed a series of pantomime works around him. Contemporary pantomimes include one-man shows and group pantomimes. Most of the actors perform with white facial makeup. There are fragments of pantomime performances in China, but as an independent drama form, it only began to appear in the early 1980s and was borrowed from the West.
Mime has a long history. Although pantomime has its own tradition in the UK, its origins are international after all, and many of its storylines come from all over the world.
Master of Mime Philip:
The word "mime" comes from Greek, meaning "imitator". Obviously, its original meaning refers to the performer, not the type of play itself. In fact, this kind of performance existed as far back as ancient China, Persia and Egypt. In Roman times pantomime was the most popular.
With the decline of the Roman Empire, pantomime also disappeared. In the fifteenth century, a new type of drama similar to pantomime began to appear in Italy. In these plays, people saw for the first time the comic characters (or harlequins) wearing masks and colorful costumes, and soon this character spread from France to England - first as a mime, and then as a talking actor. of actors appeared on the British stage.
About a hundred years ago, people first used fairy tale themes as the storyline of pantomimes. At that time, there was still a comic character in the play, but this kind of play was called a "play based on clown performance" at that time. Towards the end of the 19th century, performances became more sophisticated - new stage lighting and mechanically controlled stage sets began to appear. By this time, more comedians had also joined the ranks of mime performances. Today, pantomime is still changing and developing, and many performances include songs, jokes or characters from movies and TV shows.
Mime language
Basically, the so-called mime is a combination of body postures and gestures. Although pantomime can be a form of imaginative, emotional, and storytelling communication, pantomime does not convey more than what words can convey. Pantomime does not convey through words, but through body.
For example: If a person points to another person (which means "you"), then waves to him (which means "come"), and then points to the floor in front of him ( This refers to "here"). When it comes to this, you can definitely understand that he is using body language, and all the actions of this dear friend in "You come here" are performed literally. .
For him, he uses his body to convey messages. In fact, the movement he needs in pantomime is just the "come" gesture. As for the movement of the sentence "you come here", it is much more economical. If an actor wants to convey the message "I love you" to an actress, he does not have to say these three words. He only needs to point to himself ("I") and point to her heart or a heart shape. ("love"), and then point to her ("you"). He looks at her with his eyes and communicates his love with indicative gestures rather than through abstract words. This is pantomime.
So the language of pantomime must be global, so that everyone on the earth can understand the story he wants to tell. If the three words "I love you" are said in Finnish, not everyone will understand it, and it will take a while to look up the dictionary, but if the word "love" is seen with the eyes and some physical actions The communication is clear at a glance, because body language is a global language.
Mime performers
Famous mime performing artists include C. Chaplin (English), M. Marceau (France), Morchau (Austria), etc.
Current situation in China
Mime is a Western drama style that makes people laugh and has a long history. The development of European pantomime is increasingly integrated with real life and has become a household name. The Spanish "Tricycle" physical comedy "Stool·Chair·Sofa", which has landed in Shanghai twice, is a traditional and innovative mime that uses humor to show modern civilization.
Most viewers also classify pantomimes as comedy sketches, which is inaccurate. Pantomime is not just a comedy sketch that makes people laugh. Pantomime is not only comedy, but also tragedy and tragicomedy. Some people think that pantomime is just a vulgar and shallow art that cannot be refined, which greatly reduces the artistic value and artistic status of pantomime.
Since the 1980s, some drama actors have used the art form of pantomime to express real life, gradually forming a new type of drama. The pantomime group formed by the Hunan Provincial Repertory Troupe wrote and directed the pantomime "All Living Things", which has been performed nearly 100 times in urban and rural areas of the province. In 1986, he participated in opera and drama performances across the province and won the Director Award and the All Actor Award. In January 1987, he went to Hong Kong to participate in the first Kwai Tsing Arts Festival and received favorable reviews. Later, he was invited to perform in Zhengzhou, Beijing and other places. On June 12 of the same year, at a symposium held by the Chinese Dramatists Association, it was believed that the troupe had taken a unique path that was different from both foreign countries and other pantomimes in this country, and established a "Hunan model of Chinese pantomime." . Plays such as "Under the Trees", "Noise and Melody", and "The Sculptor" performed by this crew have also been highly praised.
There has never been a mime major in our country's art academies, and there is no mime troupe in China. However, there is a pantomime artist in China who became famous across the country overnight. He is Wang Jingyu, a drama actor who graduated from the Performance Department of the Central Academy of Drama. He performed the pantomime sketch "Chicken Eating" at the first CCTV Spring Festival Gala in 1983. His performance did not have a single line, and did not have the slightest tone of instruction. He only used body movements to highlight the word "eat", making people all over the country laugh and be happy while celebrating the Spring Festival and having the reunion dinner. For this reason, Wang Jingyu became a household name throughout the country, and everyone simply called him "Chicken Eater."
Wang Jingyu specializes in "psychological physical action" performances. He has well-developed comedy nerves, is short in stature, strong and agile, has a big mouth with unique personality, has a pair of big expressive hands, is quick in writing, and is good at observing life.
In 1962, Wang Jingyu went to Guangdong to collect folk customs and got inspiration after eating a can of stuffed chicken. Use sight, smell, taste and touch to describe the process of a person eating chicken. The chicken he ate had good color, aroma and taste, but it was not cooked thoroughly. Chicken bands are stronger than rubber bands and very elastic, making them difficult to deal with. He used all his strength to subdue it, punching and kicking it, sweating profusely, and eating chicken with great generosity. In 1963, at the Beijing Hotel New Year's Day Gala, Wang Jingyu premiered the pantomime sketch "Eating Chicken", which made the audience laugh. Premier Zhou and Vice Premier Chen Yi, who are present here, enjoyed the event with the people and even burst into tears with laughter. At this point, the pantomime became an instant hit and spread throughout Beijing.
Drama actor You Benchang immediately joined the pantomime team, and his "Humorous Ballet" and Wang Jingyu's "Tightrope" performed side by side. One imitates the movements of a dancer, and the other imitates the movements of an acrobat. Their exaggerated and humorous performances allow the audience to understand in laughter that the mimes who perform with their bodies are not only tools to imitate movements, but also creators of physical art. After that, they created and performed a large number of "people-oriented" pantomime sketches. For example, Wang Jingyu's "Overture" created the absent-minded, side-looking band conductor, and You Benchang's "Teaching and Training" created the swashbuckling, unlearned and unskilled coach, etc., which became the "new favorite" of the Beijing stage at that time, and the audience's favorite "happy" fruit". Beijing pantomime has influenced the whole country, which led to the first "Spring Festival Gala" to invite Wang Jingyu to reprise "Chicken Eating". This move led to the creation of pantomimes across the country, and there were Wei Zongwan's special pantomime performances of "I'm Ugly, But I'm So Gentle" in Shanghai, and Wang Deshun's Bai Chou performance in Xi'an. In Chinese pantomimes with different styles, the audience neither knows the names of the stage characters nor the exact time and place where the plot takes place. Even their age, nationality, appearance, and characteristics can be ignored. This kind of stage characters have a certain degree of abstraction. Sexually stereotyped pantomime has become a feature of Chinese pantomime.
China’s mime craze ushered in the 1994 International Mime Festival. Mime troupes from all over the world, including performing artists from France, the United Kingdom, Germany, Russia, Poland, the United States, Canada, and Israel, as well as Wang Jingyu, You Benchang, Wei Zongwan, and Wang Deshun from China gathered together at the "China Shanghai First International Mime Festival" to perform more than one Weekly performance exchanges and mime seminars. This has enhanced the friendship between international comedy artists and attracted the vast number of Chinese and foreign audiences who love the art of mime. From then on, Chinese mime has its due position in the international theater world.
In 1990, pantomime was put on the stage of the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, and the program was the pantomime sketch "Weightlifting" performed by Wang Jingyu
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