Information on representative figures from all walks of life in Beijing Opera.

Material: (1890165438+1October 28-1943 may19), formerly known as Yu, also known as Xiao in his early years, Peking Opera grandfather, Wang Changlin's "Fighting the Cuiping Mountain".

Healthy. The first name is Qi, a native of Luotian, Hubei. Sun of Yu Sansheng, son of Yu Ziyun. On the basis of fully inheriting the art of the new Tan School, he made great development and innovation with rich singing skills, and became the representative of the "New Tan School", known as the "Yu School" internationally. Birthday: 16th year of Guangxu (Geng Yin)1October 28th,1October17th165438+65438; Death:1May 9431April 9 16, the last year of the lunar calendar.

Yu Shuyan studied Peking Opera with Wu Liankui since childhood, and after the Revolution of 1911, he took Tan Xinpei as his teacher. Tan gave him the acting skills of Shi Jingsi in Taiping Bridge and Wang Ping in Lost Street Pavilion. He seriously studied the art of the old Peking Opera students and asked for advice with an open mind. Yao Zenglu, Li Shunting, Qian, Tian, Bao Jixiang and others are all his mentors. Wang Rongshan, Guan Dayuan and others. Wang Jun Zhi and Chen Yanheng, senior amateur Tan School researchers, helped him the most in singing. Wang Junzhi once introduced Li Peiqing as his pianist.

Although Yu Shuyan stopped his commercial performance after 1928, it didn't stop his Peking Opera career. He has always attached importance to the theoretical research, social activities and apprenticeship of Peking Opera. 193 1 year, with Mei Lanfang as the initiator, China Opera Society was established in Beiping. He took the Summary of Random Rhythm, co-edited by him and Zhang Boju, as the textbook of the phonology course of the affiliated institute of the Institute, and wrote the article "The Old Eight Boards of Peking Opera and Huqin", which was published in the 1932 issue of National Opera Illustrated. 1932, Yu Shuyan publicly delivered a speech on the singing method of the old Peking Opera in the National Opera Society (the news and part of this speech were published in the 28th and 29th issues of the National Opera Illustrated in 1932), which summarized the singing method of the old Peking Opera advocated by Yu Shuyan from many aspects and was an important reference for learning Yu Shuyan's singing theory.

The representative plays are basically the same as Tan School. Representative works include Searching for the Lonely and Saving the Lonely, Wang Zuo Brokeback, War of Peace, Chasing the Head and Stabbing the Soup, Official History, Asking for a Cudgel in the Cabin, Out of the Box and Beating the Clubs, Stealing the Zongjuan, Nanyang Pass, Ning Wuguan, Zhentanzhou, Dingjun Mountain and Dingjun Mountain. Empty city plan, Wujiapo, Fenhe Bay, selling horses for hemp, Julien Village, Sangyuan Songzi, Zhao Zhao touching the monument, Hongyang Cave, Shiro visiting his mother, fisherman killing, imperial monument pavilion, nephew burying, etc.

Dan: Mei Lanfang

Information: Mei Lanfang (1894~ 196 1), whose real name is Lan, also known as Huahua and Huanhua, is the owner and stage name of Yuxuan. Taizhou, Jiangsu, 1894 was born in Beijing. He was born in a Beijing opera family. 10 years old, performing "Fairy Couple" in Guanghe Building, Beijing. Hua Dan, 1908, 19 1 held Peking Opera actor selection activities in all walks of life in Beijing. 19 13 performed in Shanghai for the first time, and performed such plays as Colorful Houses, Yutangchun and Woodcut Zhai. AtNo. Dangui 1 at the Daxin intersection of Sima Road. When he first came to Shanghai, he became popular in Jiangnan. At that time, there was a saying circulating in the alley: "Please be like Mei Lanfang and have a son like Zhou." He absorbed the improved elements of Shanghai civilized opera, such as new stage, lighting, makeup and costume design. After returning to Beijing, he created a new fashion drama "Rough Sea". The following year, he came to Shanghai again and performed such famous works as Four or Five Flowers Cave, True and False Pan Jinlian, and Drunkenness of the Imperial Lady, which lasted for 34 days. After returning to Beijing, Mei Lanfang continued to rehearse the new plays "the Goddess Chang'e flying to the moon", "Spring fragrance makes snow" and "Dai Yu buries flowers". 19 16 came to Shanghai for the third time and sang for 45 days. 19 18 and then moved to Shanghai, which was the pinnacle of his dramatic art, and he performed on the Tianchan stage many times. Combining the performances of Tsing Yi, Hua Dan and Beijing Opera blues, it created a mellow and beautiful singing voice and formed a unique Mei school. 19 15 years, Mei Lanfang rehearsed a large number of new plays, and made unique artistic innovations in singing, chanting, dancing, music, clothing and other aspects of Beijing opera, and was called the master of Mei School. 1965438+In April 2009, Mei Lanfang went to Japan to perform at the invitation of Imperial Theatre in Tokyo, Japan, and performed such plays as Scattered Flowers and Hostel Notes. Return to China in a month. 192 1 The new drama Farewell My Concubine was edited and performed. 1922 presided over Chenghua Society. During 1927, Shuntian Times held the first China actress selection. Mei Lanfang, with her profound foundation, mellow voice and beautiful appearance, is also known as the four famous Peking Opera artists with Cheng, Shang Xiaoyun and Xun Huisheng. 1In the spring of 930, Mei Lanfang led a delegation to the United States and performed Peking Opera in new york, Chicago, San Francisco, Los Angeles and other cities, which was a great success. The newspaper commented that China's plays are not realistic, but artistic, a disciplined performance method and more profound than real life. During this period, he was awarded a doctorate in literature by Pomona University and the University of Southern California. 193 1 After the September 18th Incident, Mei Lanfang moved to Shanghai, staying at Cangzhou Hotel first, and then moved to Mas South Road 12 1. He rehearsed plays such as Anti-Nomads, Life and Death Hate, and promoted patriotism. 1935 led a delegation to perform in the Soviet Union and Europe and visit foreign dramas. Among Peking Opera artists, Mei Lanfang visited China the most and received the most foreign artists. He introduced the performing arts of Chinese Peking Opera and the humble and simple qualities of artists to people all over the world, so people called him the cultural messenger of Chinese Peking Opera from 1920s to 1950s. After the outbreak of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, the Japanese Puppet tried to buy people's hearts with Mei Lanfang to decorate Taiping, but was refused several times. Considering that she could not stay in Shanghai for a long time, Mei Lanfang 1938 went to Hong Kong. He performed Liang Hongyu and other plays in Hongkong, which inspired people's fighting spirit. 194 1 After the fall of Hong Kong, he arranged for his two children to study in the rear area. 1942 returned to Shanghai. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Mei Lanfang returned to Shanghai and often performed Kunqu Opera. 1948 filmed the color film "Life and Death Hate", which is the first color opera film in China. After the liberation of Shanghai,1June, 949, he was invited to Beiping to attend the first National Congress of Literary and Art Workers and was elected as the Standing Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. /kloc-returned to Beijing to settle down in 0/950 and served as the president of Peking Opera Research Institute of the Ministry of Culture; 195 1 year as president of China opera research institute; 1952 President of China Peking Opera Theatre, and was elected as a deputy to the National People's Congress. /kloc-filmed Mei Lanfang's stage art in 0/955, including his representative works in various periods, such as Cosmic Front and Broken Bridge, as well as his life fragments and drama fragments, such as "Spring Fragrance Noisy Garden", which were performed in factories and on the stage. 1956 He led a delegation of Chinese Peking Opera to perform in Japan. June 1959 performed "Mu Shuai Shuai" in Beijing as a gift program for the 10th anniversary of the National Day. 196 1 passed away in Beijing on August 8th. He is the author of Collected Works of Mei Lanfang, Selected Plays of Mei Lanfang and Forty Years of Stage Life. Representative plays include Drunk Maid-in-waiting, Goddess Scattered Flowers, Cosmic Front, Fishing and Killing Family, etc. More than 65,438,000 students have been trained and taught. Mei Lanfang combined the artistic achievements of Peking Opera with the performance characteristics of Qingyi, Hua Dan and Peking Opera blues, and created her own unique performance form and singing style-Mei Pai. Mei's disciples are Wei, Li,,,, Ding Zhiyun, Luo Huilan, etc. Mei Baojiu, the ninth son of Mei Lanfang, is the current head of Mei Pai.

Screen name: Qiu

Information:

Qiu (19 15-197 1): Peking Opera performance artist, clean actor, founder of autumn school art, formerly known as Qiu, Beijinger, born in1915, died in/.

Qiu began to learn drama from his father at the age of eight. His strict requirements laid a solid foundation for Qiu's later artistic development. 12 years old, learned more than 20 plays. When he entered Fu Liancheng's class, he should have brought the word "world". Because he brought art into the class, he was promoted to a higher level and ranked by the word "Sheng". In Corey, due to the equal teaching of Sun and Wang, art became more refined, and soon many audiences liked his plays. At that time, the usual style of play in the class was mainly martial arts, followed by Sheng Dan. His plays, such as Exploring the Shadows Mountain, often make an exception and put it in the finale.

1947, Rongshe was founded in autumn and premiered in Beijing Sanqing Theater. The bed play was renamed as the first two "Caoqiaoguan". Although it was an old play, he made new treatments in singing, reading and doing, and the audience cheered again and again during the performance, which was a complete success. Since then, Rongshe has often performed in Beijing and Tianjin, such as Beauty Case, Battle of Wancheng, Playing Dragon Robe, Serial, Mu Huguan, Da Tan, Er, etc., and has reformed and processed it many times, making it the most representative boutique repertoire in autumn. After the founding of New China, under the guidance of the Party's policy of "letting a hundred schools of thought contend and a hundred flowers blossom", the autumn school art has been carried forward. He used to say before his death, "Without the Party's * * *, there would be no Qiu today". After liberation, Qiu and Tan co-founded Taiping Peking Opera Troupe (later renamed Beijing Peking Opera Troupe No.2), and they took the lead in performing new dramas such as General Hehe, Song Zhengqi and Eliminating Three Harms. 1953 went to North Korea to express condolences, 1955 went to Hong Kong to perform. By the mid-1950s, our performing arts had reached its peak. He follows the example of others and has good conduct. In order to form a strong alliance, he ran among artists such as Ma, Tan, Wang and so on, and actively contributed to the most powerful art group at that time-"Beijing Peking Opera Troupe". 1956 joined the Beijing Peking Opera Troupe-"Ma Qiu", known as the "four partners" of China, as the deputy head. In this group, Ma Tan and Zhang Qiu sometimes take turns to sing the opening or the big axis. Once Qiu sang "Stealing the Village Horse", which started with "Female Interpretation", Tan's "Touching the Monument" and Ma's "Borrowing Zhao Yun", which was a beautiful talk for a while. They adapted and created a large number of works handed down from generation to generation with great enthusiasm, such as Qin Xianglian, The Orphan of Zhao, The Battle of Guandu, Hai Rui dismissed from office, Chisang Town, Beauty Case, The Battle of Guandu, General Harmony, Eliminating Three Harms, Letters from the South, World Cup and so on. From 65438 to 0964, Qiu participated in the creation and performance of the drama "Du Fu Shan", and created a successful artistic image-the warfare in the play. At the same time, he also created another modern drama, Snowflakes Gone with the Wind.

Ugly: Ma Fulu

Material: Ma Fulu (1900— 1969), a Peking Opera actor. Beijingers. When I was a child, I studied fine arts in Fulian. Kick ugly feet, both civil and military. Clear voice, fluent reading and quick action. Wenxi is good at playing Tang Qin in Shentoutang and Jiang Gan in Hero. Martial arts plays Shi Qian in Stealing Chicken and Zhu Guangzu in Stealing Hook. Especially in Famen Temple, Jia Gui was full of praise. Acting for Xiaohe Ma for a long time is a rare ugly talent in the "Three Little Plays" and the old-school plays.

At the age of seven, he joined Mingsheng and studied Lao Dan, but later he was expelled from the class. At the age of ten, he was introduced by Liu Xiyi and transferred to Fuliancheng to study. After the initial ranking, Lian Lu was replaced by Fu Lu, first as an old Dan, and then as an ugly line. Studied under Xiao Changhua and Guo Chunshan. Because of the good natural conditions, I respect teachers, study hard and work hard, and I am famous in my class. I often cooperate with horses to complement each other. After leaving school, Ma Fulu studied martial arts and ugliness under Fu Xiaoshan, and went to Shanghai Tianchan Stage to perform with Mei Lanfang and Yu. After Zaiyu returned to Beijing, he continued to study art in Xiao Changhua and Wang Changlin. Later, he cooperated with famous artists such as Xun Huisheng, Xiao Cuihua, Ma, Shang Xiaoyun,,, Hao,, Tan, etc. He, Chunyan Zhang, KAI and Dan Jiao Zhao Tongshan are also known as the four donkey kong of Xun Huisheng Troupe. Acting for Xiao Cuihua and Ma for a long time is a rare clown talent in the "Three Little Plays" and the old-school plays.

Ma Fulu has a loud voice and fantastic natural conditions. He spoke clearly and clearly, and won by the absolute advantage of singing. Every crisp and loud ending is a "aha", and he can applaud the gods of all the audience. The roles he played, whether ugly in square scarf, robes, tea clothes and colorful Dan, were all very glorious. He has a wide range of plays, is fluent in reading white, is agile and has both civil and military skills.