Lu Yu's social contribution

Of course, it is his great contribution to China and world culture in tea science or tea industry. This point, whether at home or abroad, has always been the main aspect for later generations to study and introduce Lu Yu. Because everyone is familiar with Lu Yu's contribution in these aspects, this paper mainly discusses his academic achievements in other aspects besides tea science.

Basically, after his death, Lu Cai was honored as "Cha Sheng" or an expert in tea. Before his death, although he was famous for his love of tea, refined tea and The Classic of Tea, and was nicknamed "tea fairy", among the people of his time, he did not appear as a tea man, but was respected as a scholar. This is because at that time, after the publication of tea classics, tea has become an independent knowledge, but it is just in its infancy, and its influence and status can not be compared with ancient documents. Secondly, the book "Tea Classic" was written after Lu Yu made his mark in the literary world, that is, Lu Yu's attainments in tea science were only revealed after he became a famous scholar, which is the second achievement.

There are many anecdotes about the time when The Book of Tea was written. The author says it was written by Wan around 758 AD. In the fifth year of Tianbao, when Richie's property was demoted to Jingling, Lu Yu was still in the music scene. After being discovered by Richie's property, he abandoned his interest in "Zou Fuzi Mountain Villa in Huomen Mountain" to study. But in eleven years, when Cui was appointed as Sima Jingling, Lu Yu became famous and became a city in Wenguan. According to records, after Cui arrived in Jingling, he traveled with Lu Yu for three years and talked about the ages, and published their poems in a collection. According to Cui, the year before Du Fu was demoted to Jingling, he presented the "Three Rites Fu". Tang Xuanzong was surprised by his talent, wrote a letter and tried to appoint Cui and Yu Xiulie as civil servants. Cui is good at poetry, especially ancient poems. Cui Shi's poems are "elegant and profound, suitable for irony, and Yuefu is short, not as good as the ancients." I have traveled with Cui for three years, and my fame is not only more prominent because of Cui, but also I have learned a lot from Cui. Lu Yu was famous as a scholar not only before he wrote the Tea Classic, but also after it became famous all over the country, even in his later years. As Quan Deyu wrote, when he moved from Xinzhou (now Shangrao, Jiangxi) to Hongzhou (now Nanchang), "wherever he went, he would ride the suburbs for thousands of times, and the five pulps would be spicy first"; Later, Nanchang went to Hunan. "I am not afraid of collecting roads, but I am bound to be polite." New knowledge is given by folding willows, and old couples are given by baskets. Everywhere I went, I was greeted by friends from the masses every time I left. As Quan Deyu said, Lu Yu received such courtesy in the society, not because of his contribution to tea science, but because of his position in literature, "both ci and art". So from the above situation, Lu Yu seems to be two completely different images before and after death. If, after his death, his achievements in literature were covered up by the Tea Classic and he became an idol in the tea industry, then, before his death, on the contrary, his achievements in tea science were covered up by literature and he was famous for his "outstanding ci skills".

Lu Yu made friends with eminent monks and celebrities before his death and was active and influential in the literary world. But perhaps he was influenced by the thoughts of some celebrities in the society at that time, and his attitude towards literature and tea was the same, like but not biased. Therefore, reflected in his knowledge, he is not limited to one industry, but has a wide range of knowledge and versatility.

In the past, according to Lu Yu's life activities and writings, the author proposed that Lu Yu was not only an expert in tea science, but also a famous poet, phonologist and primary school expert, calligrapher, actor, playwright, historian, biographer, tourist and geographer.

If we generally call Lu Yu a historian, he is also an archaeologist or a connoisseur of cultural relics, in addition to some historical works such as Genealogy of Four Surnames in Jiangbiao, Figures in the North and South, Chronicle of Officials in Xing Wu and Secretariat of Xing Wu. According to Jiao Ran's preface to "Praise of Lanting Stone Bridge", in the spring of the eighth year of Dali (773), Lu Youping wrote a letter to worship Huiji Mountain and invited Lu Yu and others to (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) and found an ancient lying stone, which was identified by Lu Yu as "the abandoned bridge column of Lanting in Jin Yong". Why are you looking for Lu Yu for identification? Why does Lu Yu have so much knowledge? Jiao Ran made it very clear: "The living (Lu Yu) is ancient, and so is my comrade." For another example, we call Lu Yu a geographer, and further, he can be said to be an expert in studying landscapes and compiling local chronicles. For example, when Dugu and Changzhou were stabbed, Wuxi county magistrate ordered the renovation of Huishan scenic spot, and "there are guests who know mountains and rivers well", and specially invited Lu Yu as "consultant". It shows that Lu Yu in people's minds at that time studied geography, especially landscapes. During his stay in western Zhejiang, Lu Yu compiled various local records and mountain records for Huzhou, Wuxi, Suzhou and Hangzhou, which showed that he was also interested in and studied the knowledge of other local records. Lu Yu used Yi for his own use, and he got the divination: "Hung-chien is on the ground, and the feather can be used as a tool, which is auspicious." It means that Hongyan flies in the sky, with avenues in all directions, two feathers dancing and orderly movements, which is a good omen to follow. According to this divination, Lu Yu, who had no name at that time, gave himself a name, namely Lu, Yu and Hung-chien. This seems to show: this is cheap, but it is the arrogance of heaven; From parents, like heaven. Lu Yu studied reading, chanting and making tea in middle school, and lit yellow lanterns and bells in Sanskrit.

Although Lu Yu lived in the pure land of Buddhism, he was unwilling to convert to Buddhism and cut his hair and become a monk. When he was nine years old, once the Zen master Zhiji asked him to copy the scriptures and recite the Buddha, but Lu Yu asked, "A disciple is born without a brother and dies without an heir." Confucianism "said that there are three unfilial, and there is no big after." Can monks be called filial piety? And openly said: "Yu will give Kong Sheng's text." . The abbot was very angry, so he punished him with heavy "cheap work" and forced him to repent and turn back. Lu Yu was sent to "sweep the temple, build a monk's toilet, build a mud wall, build a tile house, and herd cattle with one hundred and twenty hooves". Instead of being discouraged and giving in, Lu Yu became more eager for knowledge. He learned Chinese characters without paper, and used bamboo to draw cattle backs as books. Occasionally, he won Zhang Heng's Du Nan Fu. Although he didn't know its words, he sat in danger and read aloud. When Jigong learned about it, he was afraid that he would be influenced by foreign classics and lose his education. And put him in a temple, let him cut flowers and let the elders take care of him.

In a blink of an eye, Lu Yu 12 years old, it is difficult to see the sun and the moon in the temple. When people were unprepared, he escaped from Longgai Temple, went to a troupe to study acting and became an actor. Although he is ugly and stutters, he is humorous and witty. He plays a clown very successfully. Later, he wrote a three-volume joke book "On Negotiation".

As the saying goes, Renji has his own nature, and Lu Yu is no exception. In the fifth year of Tang Tianbao, Richie, the satrap of Jingling, saw Lu Yu's outstanding performance at a state party, and appreciated his talent and ambition very much. He immediately gave him a book of poems and recommended him to study in Zou Fuzi, who lived in seclusion in Huomen Mountain. In the 11th year of Tianbao (AD 752), Cui, a doctor of rites, was demoted to Sima Jingling. That year, Lu Yu said goodbye to Master Zou. Cui and Yu met, and they often walked together, drinking tea and talking about poetry and papers. In the fifteenth year of Tianbao, Lu Yu went to Bashanxia and Sichuan to inspect tea affairs. Before leaving, Cui sent a white donkey, a black cow and a letter from Wen Huailai. Along the way, he went to the horse to pick tea on every mountain, and tasted water in the saddle when he met the spring water. He is too busy to watch, too busy to visit, too busy to record, and his tips are full. In the first year of Gan Yuan, Tang Suzong (AD 758), Lu Yu came to Shengzhou (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) and lived in qixia temple to study tea affairs. The next year, I lived in Danyang. In the first year of Shangyuan in the Tang Dynasty (AD 760), Lu Yu came to Tiaoxi (now Xing Wu, Zhejiang Province) from the foothills of Qixia, lived in seclusion in the mountains and wrote the Book of Tea behind closed doors. During this period, I often walk alone in the wild, go deep into the farmhouse, pick tea, find springs, evaluate tea, or recite scriptures and poems, hit trees with a stick, run water with my hands, and hesitate. I cry every time it gets dark. People call it "Chu Kuang meets jade". Lu Yu, a famous scholar in the Tang Dynasty, was an orphan since he was a child and was raised by a Zen master. Although Lu Yu is in a temple, he doesn't want to read Buddhist scriptures all day, but he likes reading poetry books. Lu Yu insisted on going down the mountain to study, which was opposed by the Zen master. In order to give Lu Yu a difficult problem, the Zen master better educated him and made him learn to make tea. In the process of learning tea art, Lu Yu met a kind old woman. She not only learned complicated tea-making skills, but also learned a lot about reading and being a man. When Lu Yu finally brought the Zen master a steaming cup of tea, the Zen master finally agreed to his request and went down the mountain to study. Later, Lu Yu wrote the widely circulated Tea Classic.

According to New Tang Book and Biography of Talented Persons in Tang Dynasty, Lu Yu was abandoned because of his ugly appearance. Tang Kaiyuan was abandoned in the 21st year (AD 733), and his parents were unknown. Later, in the west gate of Jingling (Tianmen County, Hubei Province), he was adopted by the abbot Zhiji Zen Master of Longgai Temple.

Autobiography of Ruben is a biography written by Lu Yu at the age of twenty-nine, with high credibility. He wrote in his autobiography: "I don't know who has the appearance of Zhong Xuan and Yang Meng in the word Hung-chien;" Like stuttering with Ziyun. In the Biography of Lu Yu in the New Tang Dynasty, he was a little older and took the divination of "gradual" with "Yi". Oracle divination said: "Hung-chien was born on the ground, and his feathers can be used as utensils", so Zen master Zhiji named him Lu, Yu and Hung-chien according to Oracle divination.

He once worshipped as a prince's literature and moved to Taichang Temple to congratulate him, but he did not take office.