For economic enthusiasts~~~The economic reforms of Hitler and Roosevelt during World War II

In the past few years, the world economy has been in depression, that is, in an economic crisis. Countries are doing their best to save this crisis. Many people have turned their attention to the man who saved the world in the last century. President Roosevelt during the U.S. economic crisis, and Roosevelt's New Deal. In dealing with the economic crisis in the Western world in the 1930s, Roosevelt in the United States was a great hero. His government intervention policy and his practice of Keynesianism saved the United States. Therefore, Roosevelt became a great hero in American history after Lincoln. A great president. What made Roosevelt a great president was, of course, World War II. During the same period, the results of Hitler's reforms in Germany were far greater than Roosevelt's reforms in the United States. Hitler's New Deal was more effective, more effective, and more successful than Roosevelt's New Deal. This conclusion is very interesting. After Roosevelt came to power in 1933, the United States implemented a series of far-reaching New Deals. By 1939, the number of unemployed people in the United States dropped from 17 million in 1933 to 8 million. 17 million means that one out of every four workers in the United States is unemployed. Unemployed, 8 million means that one out of every eight workers is unemployed. What is interesting is that Hitler in Germany also came to power in 1933 and became the Chancellor of Germany. Hitler also implemented a series of New Deals. The result was that just three years later, in 1935, the number of unemployed people in Germany dropped from 700 in 1933. Thousands have dropped to almost zero. In Germany, 7 million means that one out of every four workers is unemployed, and the ratio is the same as that in the United States. In the United States, the situation continued again in 1937. In 1937, the number of unemployed people increased to 17 million. There was no change. By 1939, it had dropped by half. In fact, the United States has never overcome the crisis of the 1930s after Roosevelt came to power. The United States truly overcame that crisis only after the United States participated in World War II. It can also be said that it was not Roosevelt's New Deal that truly and completely solved the economic crisis, but the war. This is an important reason why Roosevelt has been encouraging the United States to participate in the war. It is also the reason why some people in the United States still doubt whether Roosevelt had intelligence beforehand about the Pearl Harbor incident. They suspect that Roosevelt deliberately concealed the truth in order to get the United States to join the war. There is no defense for offense. Perhaps this will always remain a mystery. The end result of an economic crisis is often war. Only war can bring people to full employment. Japan launched the September 18th Incident in 1931 for the same reason. They all originated from the Black Thursday of the New York stock market in 1929. By analogy, will today's Obama also go to war? Hitler did not rely on war to obtain employment, but completed employment in Germany before the war, and the country's annual development rate averaged 27%, which is very high. In addition to fully employing the German people, the outcome of Hitler's New Deal also had another major achievement, which was that the welfare of ordinary people has been greatly improved. In Germany during Hitler's era, workers were able to have paid vacations every year, and even Go on vacation in foreign countries; make cars enter ordinary working-class families. This achievement far exceeds Roosevelt's. It was not until after World War II that the United States allowed ordinary workers to take paid vacations and own cars. Of course, Roosevelt also established a welfare unemployment insurance system and introduced the unemployment insurance law. When you receive a pension at the age of 65, you can work 40 hours a week, and there is a minimum income limit per hour.

The essence of Hitler's economic policies and Roosevelt's New Deal were to use government administrative power to uniformly plan the production capacity of various industries in the entire country, eliminate overcapacity, and then use the concentrated wealth of the entire society to increase low incomes. improve the living standards of people, establish a sound social security system, and narrow the gap between rich and poor, in order to achieve the purpose of easing social conflicts and promoting economic recovery. This is because this will stimulate investment enthusiasm and is not conducive to shrinking production capacity, while tax cuts for the service industry and some labor-intensive light industries will help transform the economic structure and absorb unemployed people in other industries. Although active fiscal policy is necessary, it cannot be excessive, otherwise analgesics will become drugs, making the real economic sector highly dependent on economic stimulus policies. It was originally intended to be a transition for production capacity contraction, but it has led to a crisis. There is a huge production capacity bubble in the past, but the medicine cannot be taken forever. In the future, more serious overcapacity and huge government deficit will become bigger problems.

Unlike Germany and the United States at that time, due to pressure from Europe and the United States, the RMB was unable to depreciate significantly. Instead, it faced the danger of appreciation. It would be unwise to blindly cancel export tax rebates. Although an export-oriented economy must be geared towards domestic demand. Economic transformation, but this process may be accompanied by a large number of unemployment, so we should not rush it, but should try to buy time for the transformation. Another thing worth learning from is Hitler's measures to deprive the Jews of their capital. Through anti-corruption, raising income taxes for high-income people, increasing the proportion of profits turned over by state-owned enterprises, and other measures, he cut a piece of the pie from interest groups to strengthen the social security system. The active implementation of anti-corruption work and the increase in taxes on high-income people will help improve the business environment for enterprises and achieve fair social wealth distribution, so that more wealth can flow to the general public instead of officials and bribers, and the profits of state-owned enterprises will It is the wealth of the whole people, which should be "taken from the people and used by the people" to share the financial worries of the country. The enhancement of social security can increase the income of more workers, which is to truly "rob the rich and give to the poor" and "hide wealth among the people", thereby increasing domestic demand.