Download the complete works of "Seeds of Civilization" txt.

The attachment of the complete works of txt, the seed of civilization, has been uploaded to Baidu network disk. Click free download:

Content preview:

Battle of cattle and horses

Key words: farming civilization, nomadic civilization, stirrup, Great Wall, Mongolia, gunpowder.

Through archaeological discoveries, the domestication history of horses is much later than that of cattle. As an important symbol of farming civilization, cattle entered human life with the emergence of agriculture. Most scholars believe that ordinary cattle were first domesticated in Central Asia and later spread to other parts of Eurasia. The remains and teeth of cattle 7,000 years ago were unearthed at Hemudu and Banpo sites. On the other hand, humans tamed horses only 4000 years ago. I saw a joke when I watched the movie "Ten Thousand Years of Prehistory"-there were people riding horses and stirrups. In fact, there were no horses in ancient Egypt. It was not until the completion of the Great Pyramid of Khufu 1000 that horses were introduced to Egypt from abroad. There were no horses in ancient America, because after the Indians ruled the American continent, almost all medium-sized animals, including horses, became extinct.

Unlike cattle, horses are good at long-distance running. After domestication, horses first provide a strong support for nomadic production, and grazing herds can be controlled more conveniently and with less effort. More importantly, horses are more suitable for transportation and war. In the Qin and Han dynasties, war horses were very important. In the autumn of 1 13 BC, a Dunhuang prisoner named "profiteer" captured a bloody BMW and presented it to Hanwu. ...