10 1 psychological defense mechanism

20 17-02-02 China Xinyu psychological network

Psychological defense mechanism is a psychoanalytic term. Refers to the psychological mechanism that individuals use to avoid interference and maintain psychological balance when their spirit is disturbed. It was first put forward by Freud. Often used in the unconscious state. Such as suppression, suppression, denial, projection, transfer, modification, promotion, usurpation, compensation and so on.

According to the general development order.

Oral desire period: 0-3 years old

1, projection: You add your own things to others.

In the baby's view, a breast (mother) that feeds him comfortably is good and represents all good things. At this time, he felt that the breasts (mother) were good, the society was good, and he was also good. On the contrary, if the baby is often hungry and can't be taken care of in time, then he will think that his breasts (mother) are not good, the society is not good, and he is not good. When you grow up, you will become better and worse in society and form an antisocial personality.

Many people think that what they know should be made known to others. This is a kind of projection, adding their own things to others.

2. Injection: You form the image of others.

A man's father often accuses him. In his view, these accusations are groundless and vicious. He wanted to kill himself, and the counselor told him that he wanted to get back at his father by killing himself. Later, when he wanted to commit suicide again, he thought of the counselor's words and did not commit suicide. The man formed the image of a consultant.

Comparison of injection capacity and internalization;

Internalization means that this person's image will live in his heart forever.

For example, a father told his son to be strong in life. The son thought of his father's words when he was in trouble, which formed the image of his father, that is, injectivity. In later life, no matter what difficulties he encountered, he told himself to be strong, which was internalization, internalizing his father's teaching into his own beliefs.

3. Illusion: What you see or hear you want to hear or see-wishes, comments, imagination or criticism-is not tested by reality.

Anal desire period: 1.5-5 years old

4. Projective identity: three ways to use it.

A projects to B, and B agrees with the projection given by A. ..

A) Projecting yourself to others so much that he or she has undergone great changes;

Example: Parents repeatedly say that children's math scores are not good, and their math scores are really poor.

B) Stimulate others to make you feel unhappy ("painful lover")

Exodus: Being unhappy stimulates others to be as unhappy as you are.

C) Stimulate others to feel unhappy with you, and let this person treat you like the person who once made you unhappy.

When there is projective identity, counselors should be alert and adopt face-to-face technology: you just accused me, which makes me feel very uncomfortable. I wonder if you've ever felt this way before.

You can search online for the article "Application of Projected Identity in Couple Therapy".

5. Projective blame: You unfairly blame others for your problems.

Example: A minister farted and everyone looked at him. The minister looked at the section chief, and the section chief quickly said, not me, not me. After returning, the minister said to the section chief, I was going to promote you, but now I want to forget it. You can't afford big things.

6. Denial: Suppose you perceive the reality yourself:

A) essential negation: denying reality, even if it obviously exists.

B) behavioral denial: symbolically say, "that dirty reality is not true!" " "

C) Denial in fantasy: I insist on incorrect beliefs, so I don't want to see reality.

D) Verbal denial: convince yourself that the reality is false with special words.

7. Loss of distinction (self-object confusion): You become the person that others want you to be.

Some visitors will ask you to help them make decisions and always say, what do you think? Why don't you tell me what to do at this time? The counselor can use face-to-face technology: you seem to let me make a decision for you. I want to know what your previous situation was like.

Such a visitor is often the person who is always asked in life and becomes what others want him to be, so that he can't give his own opinion on anything.

8. Split: You think some people are completely hateful and some people are completely cute. Or, you hate the devil you love now.

The most common is a woman who thinks that "men don't have a good thing".

9. animism: you give human attributes to non-human.

Children often do things like talking to tables, chairs and benches. This is a way to project loneliness onto tables and chairs.

10, stopped using: the person you saw was not a person, so don't worry.

"Don't argue with the earthlings!"

Many clients deify the consultant, and when the consultant reveals his personal life, the client will feel collapsed, so it is necessary for the consultant to maintain a certain mystery.

1 1, reverse formation: you have the opposite feeling.

A person who is always looked down upon becomes a successful person, and this person is formed in the opposite direction.

12, offset and ceremony: You are doing something against your conscience (superego). Or you did something that made you feel guilty, and as compensation, you punished yourself in another symbolic form.

A husband who was having an affair bought his wife a car and a diamond ring to show his duty and offset his sense of self-blame.

Parents who don't accompany their children buy clothes and toys for their children to show their love for them.

Parents were not filial before their death, and they felt deeply guilty as their children, so they held extremely luxurious funerals to alleviate their guilt.

13, isolation (emotion): You don't pay attention to your emotions.

In the earthquake, some people's relatives have been killed, but he can still save people, which shows that he has isolated his feelings.

Externalization: You think that "society" criticizes you, but in fact you feel guilty.

Criminals who abscond often think that they are arresting themselves when they hear the sound of police cars and see the police. In fact, they think they should be arrested.

This is a kind of projection, which turns the surveillance of oneself into the surveillance of the outside world. Project what's inside you into the outside world.

15. Turn to yourself: You are angry with someone and turn to attack or kill yourself.

Suicide is a way for children to resist their parents, that is, to turn the attack on themselves.

16, negativity: You refuse to cooperate and treat others with humility.

Similar to passive attack.

Some people promise to help others easily and have a good attitude, but rarely really help others.

17, fragmentation: you define yourself by establishing relationships.

Some people only associate with fellow villagers or classmates, and such people "can't play." Since ancient times, there has been a phenomenon of party struggle and disagreement.

18. Hostile attack: You joined the battle to hide unpleasant feelings.

There are some people in life who are uncomfortable without wrangling, in order to satisfy the offensive drive and sexual drive.

Beating people is sexual pleasure, especially when parents beat their children.

First reproductive period: 2-6 years old

19, replacement: You feel close to one person, but you become close to another person or state.

A fell in love with B, but became close to C and married C. Later, she learned that she loved B. ..

20. Symbolization: You give some psychological functions unreasonable meaning.

Many women believe that dreams are prophetic.

2 1, condensation: you put completely different ideas together and make them a whole.

A customer thinks that the limousine downstairs belongs to the consultant, because his father-in-law is rich and drives a limousine, and the consultant should be rich, so that car belongs to the consultant. Obviously, in the process of analysis, customers put many different ideas together and lost a lot of information.

22. Fantasy formation or daydreaming: You constantly fantasize about some depressed or happy scenes and know that it is fantasy.

Almost everyone, after quarreling with others, will constantly conceive the scene of quarreling in his mind when he is alone. In this scene, every sentence is reasonable, and the other party is refuted to pieces. We all know that this is a fantasy.

23. prevarication: you lie for some purpose and reason.

24. Chatting: You lie about things you don't know to reduce your low self-esteem.

Men often talk about the central leadership when chatting; Taxi drivers in Beijing often talk about things in court.

25. Depression: You forget the thoughts or feelings you shouldn't forget.

26, negative fantasy: you turn a blind eye to the disaster that happened in front of you.

After the Wenchuan earthquake, people who can still work well are denying sexual fantasies.

The difference between isolation and negative fantasy;

Isolation: admit the facts and deny the feelings.

Denial of fantasy: denial of facts.

27. Libido depression (mental depression): You are afraid of sex or arbitrariness, so you become dependent (verbally) or stubborn.

Stubborn and earnest men may also be depressed by Libido and have poor sexual function.

There is a joke: a man said, I have the same name as my wife! Another man said, I hate Japanese people the most!

28. Self-repression: three ways to use it.

A) A function is disturbed: your self-function or self-intensity stops working, so you can't feel the unhappiness caused by something;

In daily life, I will hear many people say: I don't care what others say. In fact, no one will care about what others think of themselves.

There was an old monk who was spat in his face. The old monk was not angry at all.

B) Go back to the early defense mechanism: You start to use the defense mechanism at the early stage of psychological development;

I wonder if the consumption of tobacco and alcohol has increased after the Wenchuan earthquake. If it is increased, it means that people have returned to the defense mechanism of mouth desire.

C) ineffective defensive measures: your defense can no longer cut off your emotions, and punish you through such failure and reduce your guilt.

Excessive grief over the death of a loved one. Such people may have a sense of superiority and accuse those who don't like them crying. Those who don't express their sadness may suffer deep internal injuries.

29. Realistic depression: You focus on the past time without considering the real conflict.

memory

30. Morphological depression: You escape the painful reality by dreaming.

3 1, inhibition: you purposefully try to forget.

If you want to forget someone, you can't forget them anyway.

32. Identify with fantasy: You act like your favorite hero.

33. Recognize parents' subconscious and conscious hopes and fantasies: do what parents forbid, put their depraved wishes into action and accept punishment.

Many excellent parents and children are bad! The reason may be that parents subconsciously suppress a lot of depraved things and project them on their children. Children's recognition of their parents' subconscious hopes and fantasies becomes such a bad boy. So the key to educating children is to see what parents think, not how to do it.

Three basic emotions:

Fear-now, now something terrible is happening.

Depression-In the past, terrible things happened.

Anxiety-in the future, terrible things are about to happen.

34. Identify with the ideal image or object: you think and act like a great man you think.

35. Admit to the attacker that you abused a person because others abused you; This will make you feel no pain.

Identification with the victim: similar to "alternative trauma"

37. Identify with lost items: You act like a lost relative. If you always collect his souvenirs and never feel sad, then you are in "definite pathological sadness"

Sadness and depression-Freud

38. Identity of the injective object: You make the injective object a part of your superego.

39. Seduce the attacker: You seduce others through pornography or flattery to alleviate fear.

Incubation period: 6- 1 1 year.

40. Sublimation: You actively participate in an activity that can make your dream come true on a symbolic level.

All artistic activities are changes in sexual desire.

4 1, provocation: you seduce others to have sex or punish you, or both.

42. Rationalization: You make excuses to reduce your nervousness, usually after denying some reality.

Clients are always late for appointments. He made various excuses, such as "traffic jam, getting sick …".

43. Exhausted: You "over-analyze" and "try in vain" to solve the problem.

44. Counter-terrorism: The more you fear, the more you do.

Climbing skyscrapers may be people who are afraid of heights, and projecting the hostility of interpersonal relationships into spatial relationships is only potentially harmful.

Rationalization: You are motivated by a special behavior theory.

People who read self-help books are typical people who use rational defense mechanisms.

Socialization and alienation: You use your social skills to keep you away from painful thoughts.

Socialization is to put yourself in the crowd so as not to touch the wound.

47. Instinct of self-function: You give a self-function a symbolic meaning. For example, "washing dishes is a woman's business" unreasonably equates a particular job with gender.

48. Depression of some self-function: You turned your self-function into instinct and was hit by guilt, so you turned it off. For example, you can't read, because reading is equivalent to prohibiting sexual behavior.

Children all have the idea of killing their mother to marry their father or killing their father to marry their mother, and they all want to monopolize their father or mother, and gradually know that this is not possible, so these ideas are suppressed and turned to other aspects when they grow up. Examination anxiety is the fear of failing in the exam, because once you fail in the exam, it is an attack on your father or mother.

49. Idealization: You overestimate someone because-

A) narcissism: reduce the sense of shame caused by your own imperfections;

Narcissism = inferiority complex. I brag about others in order to reduce the sense of shame caused by my imperfections.

B) Narcissism: You combine this person with your over-high self-image (self-object);

Blowing others is blowing yourself.

C) love: avoid disappointment;

If a man loves a woman, he will praise her for her kindness, otherwise it will be tasteless.

D) Empathy: They are just like your perfect parents when you were a child.

50. Degrade: You look down on someone to protect your self-esteem.

Degrade others and raise yourself.

Puberty and post-pubertal-second reproductive period (13-after 20 years old)

5 1, Humor: You are funny everywhere to avoid painful feelings.

52. concretization: you stop using abstract thinking (this is what you already have); You condemn some kind of "chemical imbalance" or look for viruses to avoid thinking about relationships that make you depressed.

Attribute the reason to a specific thing.

53. Anti-identity: You try to be different from your parents.

54. Small group formation: You are in a crowd with resistance impulse.

The difference between the formation of small groups and small groups;

Grouping: forming an interpersonal circle to exclude others-opposing the differences with the same party.

Small group formation: escape loneliness in the crowd.

55. Abstinence: You avoid people.

56. Same-sex object selection: Your same-sex "partner" alleviates your fear of same-sex stimulation.

Miscellaneous:

57. One emotion against another: you focus on one emotion and avoid another.

Parents are worried about their children's accidents, so they won't let them go out. Mom and dad focus on the emotion of "safety" and ignore other emotions.

A husband who values "friendship" over "love" is bound to have problems.

58. Over-abstraction: You abuse theory. If you also deny or reconstruct reality, you may have mental illness.

59. Silence: You stop talking to avoid being discovered.

60. Rap: You talk too much and don't care about occasions and topics.

I don't want to say too much. This is an impedance.

Faced with such resistance, the counselor can ask the client: I find that you have said so much, but it is useless. Can you say that again? It's useless

6 1, avoidance: You stay away from certain environments because those environments will produce conflicts.

62. Passive: In the face of attack, you automatically choose to choose a submissive or weak attitude.

63. Arrogance/Almighty: You are a gift from God to the earth and have magical power.

You can search this article online: A list of emperors since New China.

64. From passive to active: "You can't shoot me; I'm leaving! " You control your own lies.

Children who are abused by their parents often take the initiative to provoke their parents, because instead of knowing when to start, it is better to do it yourself and know when to start and when to end.

65. Somatization: You focus on your body to avoid conflicts caused by lust, sex and hatred.

Paying too much attention to one's health and repeated physical examinations may not be really sick.

Normalization: You confirm that you are normal, no matter what obvious mental symptoms you have.

Normalized pathological state is basically equivalent to the loss of epiphany.

67. Dramatization: You integrate your emotions into your speech to ease conflicts of concern.

As long as a lady talks, she can make everyone laugh. We pay attention to her language when she speaks. If she doesn't talk, she will feel uncomfortable being noticed.

Language packaging-covering up inner weakness

Strange clothes are also a dramatic performance, and we pay attention to their clothes.

68. Impulse: You use sex, eating or hatred to relieve tension or unpleasant emotions.

Nervous: English is stressed, which means very nervous. Conflict.

69. Substance abuse: You use a substance to calm unpleasant feelings.

Abuse of drugs, alcohol and tobacco

70. Attachment: Catch a person who refuses you.

The emperor chose a son-in-law and sent two ministers to imperial academy to choose candidates. Guo-zi-jian diploma is very popular, only Su Dongpo is lying on the east bed, and ministers say it's him. It seems that refusing can seduce people.

7 1, complaining: you are full of complaints and can't see your baby's desire to be taken care of.

Recommended bibliography: a world without complaints

72. Pseudo-independence: You become a lone ranger and don't allow anyone to help you.

73. Sick altruism: In fact, it is to project and identify with the victim-you deny the desire of the mouth, project it on the poor, and then feel nourished.

The people you help can't live better than themselves, otherwise it is morbid altruism.

74. Gas lamp: You cause others to be insane, or think others are insane.

75. Minimization: You are aware of the painful reality, but you despise it.

The visitor told the counselor: it's over, and it's nothing, but it's not.

76. Exaggeration: You pay too much for something.

Overestimated idea

77. Summary: Don't hate a person and treat him as one of the demons.

78. Rebuild reality: Rebuild a scene after you deny reality.

79. Empathy: You transfer the memory of past scenes and relationships to a real person. Then you forget the past with old defenses, or control it or change its consequences by symbolizing sex life.

80. Separation: a) You have completely forgotten yourself; B) You ask someone to comment on you, and then you reject his or her opinion.

A person has two homes. He slept in the first home, but somehow he went to the second home, where he also had a job. Twenty years later, he somehow returned to his first home. His wife asked him: Where have you been for 20 years? I can't believe he doesn't know anything

B) A client repeatedly asked the consultant how to comment on her, but when the consultant finished commenting, she would deny his comments.

Borderline personality disorder repeatedly uses separation defense mechanism.

8 1, photo horror: you avoid light to avoid your voyeuristic impulse.

A child's wish: to spy on what parents are doing. Peeping will make you feel guilty, so in the end it is "I peeped, but the light was not good and I didn't see anything." Being sensitive to what means liking what.

82. indifference: you are not interested in starting emotions.

In the Wenchuan earthquake, those who took the opportunity to abduct children must have suffered from hunger, violence and even sexual violence in the early days, so they were highly indifferent and separated.

83. Intimidate others-bully the weak: You keep others vigilant to alleviate their anxiety.

The underworld threatened civilians to alleviate their anxiety of being knocked out by the police at any time.

84. Lack of compensation: You exclude those who are better integrated than you.

If you are excellent, you must restrain some people from rejecting you and being jealous of you.

85. Psychotic spasm: Relieve tension or anger by trembling.

A person who is shivering in a chair.

86. Introspection: You focus on inner introspection to reduce tension or avoid external reality.

Excessive introspection means avoiding external reality, and there is a problem.

I suggest you see mindfulness therapy and naikan therapy for depression.

87. Limited consent: You partially agree to avoid resistance.

"I agree with you, but ..."

88. Instinct of weakening self-function: Your emotional endurance and impulse control (muscle or sex) are weak, and you give it a gentle connotation.

89. Camouflage: You cheat, maybe it's habitual.

90. Surrealism: You use secondary processes to avoid emotions.

Life is very specific, indulge in the triviality of life, and don't let yourself get involved in emotions.

The part that overlaps with "knowledge"

9 1, ambiguous: you hide the details.

When visitors use the "ambiguous" defense mechanism, psychological counselors can use face-to-face technology: you have finished your experience for more than ten years in a few minutes. What are you hiding? Or can you tell a story about your childhood?

92. Excessive aestheticism: You are addicted to beauty and truth to escape from reality and emotion.

Beauty is something that makes people have no desire (the beauty of Tibet), and women's excessive pursuit of beauty itself is a kind of sexual repression. Beauty is the second in love, and sexiness is the first.

Men's pursuit of abstract truth is also excessively aesthetic. For example, in the old society, real families, especially men with poor family life, left home to pursue revolutionary truth.

93, glib: You speak fast, but the content is empty.

94. Physical violence: You "abolish the object" to end your hatred.

Backward political performance: physically destroying opponents.

95. Identify with the injured object: You hurt a bird you know (and sometimes love) and then imitate it.

A mother took her daughter to learn piano. If the daughter doesn't study well, the mother will beat her daughter and the daughter will cry. Her mother was very distressed and cried.

96. Formal Return: You stop using logical and time-oriented thinking.

Free association also belongs to formal regression.

97. Overvigilance: You are always vigilant, although sometimes it is completely unnecessary.

98. Reality replaces the future: you imagine "if …" or "one day …"

99. Fatigue: You feel tired, but you are not sick.

A way to entice others to take care of them.

100, confession: You are sincere and straightforward, but these conceal your true thoughts and feelings.

A knife in the mouth and a bean in the heart: false confession and stubbornness cover up real thoughts and feelings.

10 1. Turn self-criticism into criticizing others: you criticize others instead of blaming yourself.

Actively turn to others for help.