Introduce Bangkok, the Buddhist capital.

The capital of Thailand, the second largest city in Southeast Asia, a major port and a political, economic and cultural center, is known as the "Buddhist Capital". Thais call Bangkok a "military post", which means "city of angels". Translate its full Thai name into Latin, with the length of 167 letters, which means: "city of angels, a great city, the residence of the Jade Buddha, an indestructible city, a cosmopolitan city endowed with nine precious stones, a magnificent palace full of celestial residence like a reincarnated god, and a cosmopolitan city endowed by Indra and built by Vishnu".

natural resource

1767, when the Wu Dynasty (1767- 1782) rose, some small markets and settlements gradually formed in Bangkok. 1782, Rama I of the Bangkok dynasty moved his capital from Tunwuli, west of the Chao Phraya River, to Bangkok, east of the river. Rama I built palaces and walls here and built nine streets, among which Sanpin Street is the most famous. During the reign of Buddha Lotra Naboulet and III (1809- 185 1), many Buddhist temples were built in the city. During the period of Rama V (1868- 19 10), most of the city walls in Bangkok were demolished and new roads and bridges were built. 1892, the tram connects Bangkok. Ramalongong University was founded in 19 16. 1937 Bangkok is divided into two cities: Bangkok and Tonliwu. After World War II, cities developed rapidly, and the population and area increased greatly. 197 1 year, these two cities merged into the Bangkok-Tun Ngari metropolitan area, which is called Greater Bangkok.

geographical position

It is about 40 kilometers away from the mouth of the Chao phraya River. The city straddles the banks of the Chao Phraya River, with low terrain and an average elevation of less than 2 meters. Longitude: 100 3 1'e, latitude:13 45' n.

administrative division

The administrative area of the government-built Greater Kyoto in Bangkok is divided into 38 counties. They are: Painakong County, Lushi County, Batungwang County, Sanpantawang County, Wan Le County, Rannawa County, Wanqing County, Paiyetai County, Wanjiabi County, Paikunlun County, Wuxian County, Langzhu County, Gaijiawan County, Tun County, Kongshan County, Lian County of Bangkok and Ai County of Bangkok.

Human population

According to the 2007 census, the registered population of Bangkok is 865,438+600,000. More than half of Bangkok people are of China origin to some extent. In recent years, a large number of immigrants and foreigners have flooded into Bangkok. In 2005 10, there were 65,438+065,438+0,230 foreign administrative personnel, with the number increasing at the rate of 65,438+0,800 per month. Among the long-term foreigners, 265,000 are People's Republic of China (PRC) citizens, 30,000 are Japanese (the largest Japanese community in Asia except Japan), 654.38 million+are Indians (35,000 of whom are Sikhs), 6,000 are Americans, 45,000 are Europeans (the largest in Asia except Singapore) and 7,000 are Koreans. In addition, there are about 400,000 to 600,000 illegal immigrants from Cambodia, Myanmar, Russia, Ukraine, Pakistan, Bangladesh and China.

About 92% people in Bangkok believe in Buddhism, 6% in Islam, 65,438+0% in Christianity, about 300 Jews and 0.6% in Hinduism. There are about 400 Buddhist temples, 55 Muslim temples, 65,438+00 churches and 2 synagogues in Bangkok.

Time group time group

1880 2550001960 April 25th 2 136435

1910 3650001970 April 1 3 077,361

1919 April1April 437,2941980 April1April 4,697,071

1929 July15 July 713,3841990 April1April 5,882,41kloc-0/

April 23(rd), 2000

1 947 April 25th1,178,88120051October16,642,566

July 2007

natural disaster

Mainly the tsunami.

Climate and irrigation

The climate is hot and humid, with an annual average temperature of 27.5℃ and annual precipitation of1500mm. Temperature: the highest in the whole year is 39℃ (April); The annual minimum value is 1 1 C (1 month).

Indra gave the city, Vishnu built the city.

[Edit this paragraph] Historical evolution

Historical background

The origin of Bangkok

Most people only know the name of the capital of Thailand as Bangkok. It turns out that the official name of Bangkok is the longest place name in the world, with a total of 167 letters. What is the official name? ? ? ? ? In English, city of angels, a great city, an eternal city of jewels, a majestic city of Indra, is endowed with the magnificent capital of the world with nine gems, a city of happiness, with huge royal palaces everywhere, similar to the paradise residence of the reincarnated god, a city given by Indra and built by Vishnu. Huang Taifu Mahanakun abandoned him, and Walao Ayou Yamaha Opla Ta Nibu Oolong Noodles Paracciani Wei Maha Satan.

City of angels, Dadoucheng, Buddha Beads, the most peaceful and great place in the Buddhist war, has nine kinds of Xanadus where Baoyu exists, many rich palaces, authoritative gods, and a metropolis rebuilt by the Buddha with the god of architecture. For foreign tourists, Thailand is called the capital Bangkok for short. Chinese full name: Huang Taifu Mahanakun abandoned him, and Ayuta Yamaha Rudy Opratanib Li Long oolong face Palachaniwei Mahasatan.

develop

Originally a fishing village, it was annexed by Wu Li Dynasty in 1767 and established its capital in Wu Li in Hexi. 1782 became the capital of the kingdom of Siam, where King Rama I built palaces (see Bangkok Grand Palace), temples and city walls. In the second and third periods, many Buddhist temples were added to the city, and the V people demolished the city walls to build roads and bridges. 1892 electrified vehicles, 1900 railway construction with big cities. 19 16 Six Construction Projects in Chulalongkorn University. 1937 is divided into Bangkok and Tun Ngari. After World War II, cities developed rapidly, and their area and population increased greatly. 197 1 year, these two cities merged into Bangkok-Tun Ngari metropolitan area, covering an area of 290 square kilometers. 1972, the capital Bangkok and Dun Ngari merged to form the Dun Ngari capital of Bangkok, also known as Greater Bangkok, with an area of 2,000 square kilometers.

Important historical events

The serial bombings in Bangkok on New Year's Eve in 2006

From February 65438+ in 2006 to 2007 1, it is a New Year's celebration for citizens. First of all, at about 6 pm local time, four explosions occurred in different corners of Bangkok, and then at least seven small explosions occurred near the periphery of Bangkok metropolitan area within 1 hour.

That night, a * * * exploded in different scales in eight different places in the urban area; It was not until the next day that at least 3 people were confirmed dead and 38 injured (including foreigners and locals).

So far, only 1 person has been arrested on suspicion of possessing explosive dangerous goods; For the time being, no group or individual has the responsibility to publicly announce the incident.

[Edit this paragraph] Folk culture

Cultural characteristics

Buddhism in Bangkok has a long history, rich oriental colors, many Buddhist temples and exquisite architecture. It is most famous for its magnificent palace, resplendent Jade Buddha Temple, solemn reclining Buddha Temple, Golden Buddha Temple full of magical legends and magnificent Wangzheng Temple. Bangkok has the largest number of Buddhist temples in the world, with more than 400 Buddhist temples. Strolling through the city, you are greeted by towering pagodas, monasteries with red roofs, and Thai Yuji temples with red, green and Huang San roofs, which are full of mysterious oriental colors. Every morning, the city is filled with cigarettes, the bells are long and crisp, and the sound of chanting is endless. The monks and nuns in the temple slowly walked down the street, begging for alms from door to door, which became a unique scenery on the streets of Bangkok. Among the many temples in Bangkok, the Jade Buddha Temple, the Reclining Buddha Temple and the Golden Buddha Temple are the most famous, and they are called the three national treasures of Thailand.

outstanding

Chuwei

He wrote a new book exposing the shady demands of Thai police for bribes, which was very popular after publication. Encouraged by this, I decided to run for mayor of Bangkok. From June 5438 to October 2003 10, Chu Wei established his own political party-"Wei Tai Party", claiming that his main program was to fight corruption.

Apile

The Chinese name is Li Shengli, and the accent is lè. His grandfather came to Thailand from China in his early years and became a member of the Royal Thai Guard. Li Shengli was determined to be an excellent politician when he was young. While studying in the Department of Food Science and Technology of Chiang Mai University, he joined the Democratic Youth League. After graduating from college, Li Shengli first apprenticed at Pizza Hut, then studied market management at Bangkok School of Administration, and then went to Harvard University to study management. After returning from school, Li Shengli joined PepsiCo as the regional marketing manager of Southeast Asia, and was also hired as the senior director of first-class Thai companies such as Friedo's French fries, Cramer's audio and entertainment. Later, due to his outstanding achievements in running the company, he was named "the youngest successful entrepreneur" in Thailand at that time. In 2003, at the age of 43, he was elected as the mayor of Bangkok.

[Edit this paragraph] Economic development

urban economy

Bangkok is the economic center of Thailand and the trading center of precious metals and gems. The Chao Phraya River allows Bangkok to be a port. Bangkok, the capital, is an international metropolis, and its economy accounts for 44% of Thailand's total economy. But the population is only over 8 million. Bangkok is one of the developed cities in Southeast Asia, with a per capita GDP of $65,438 +0.3 million. However, Thailand's development is extremely uneven, and the living standards of foreigners in most capital economic zones are low. There are 536 listed companies in Thailand, which are listed on the Thai Stock Exchange (Thai:, English: Stock Exchange of Thailand), with a total capital of about 6 trillion baht (about 200 billion US dollars) (June 65438+1October 365438+20071October). Bangkok has become an important economic pillar in Southeast Asia. Thailand's economic weakness from 65438 to 0997 became the fuse of the Asian financial crisis, so Thailand is also one of the countries most affected.

Urban planning layout and scale

The Chao Phraya River runs through the north and south, bisecting Bangkok and finally flowing into the Gulf of Thailand. The whole building in Bangkok is built around the Grand Palace. The first circle is temples and official buildings, the second circle is commercial circle, the third circle is residential area, and the outermost is slums. Most palaces and Buddhist temples are built in the Chao Phraya River Circle.

Bangkok has 24 counties and 65,438+050 districts, most of which are east of Chao Phraya River. * * * There are six industrial and commercial zones, the most prosperous of which is Longlu in Bandai District. Wangjiatian Square is "the largest"; Schleim street is the most "foreign"; The Chinatown market is the largest and most prosperous. The area along the Chao Phraya River is not only the political center of Thailand, but also a densely populated area of tourist attractions. Dusit is the new political center of Thailand.

Bangkok's urban planning is chaotic and the government allows private ownership of land. Therefore, it is often seen that the bustling business district is inexplicably separated by barbed wire, or that high-rise luxury houses and wooden houses live next to each other, and the architectural style spans a long time. In Bangkok, you can see the most avant-garde post-modern square design in the city center, but not far away, you can also find old apartment buildings that only appeared in Hong Kong films in the 1970s and 1980s.

The city of Bangkok is studying urban planning, and the urban planning department intends to plan the future of Bangkok based on London, so as to make Bangkok stand out in a comfortable tourist atmosphere and incorporate more artistic features. While attracting tourists, we also strive to improve and improve the quality of life of citizens.

Industrial and transportation resources

industry

Industry and commerce are developed, and the rice market is world-famous. There are rice milling, textile, sugar, building materials and other factories. The scenic spots in the city include the Grand Palace, Jade Buddha Temple, Dali Temple and Wangzheng Temple. There are National Museum, National Library and Chulalongkorn, politics and law, agriculture, art, medicine and other institutions. Southeast Asia economic activity center, where the United Nations has economic, food, agriculture, health, banking and other institutions. Rivers crisscross the city, and water trade is prosperous. The Thai Stock Exchange is located in Bangkok. In addition, Bangkok is also a trading center for precious metals and gems.

traffic

Transportation hub, north, east and south railways all start from this. Don Mueang Airport in the northern suburb is 24 kilometers away from the urban area, and it is a modern international airport with the largest passenger flow in Southeast Asia. China's largest seaport, with docks along the banks of the Chao Phraya River, has an annual throughput of about 654.38+500,000 tons, and 95% of the country's imports and 75% of its exports pass through it.

Canal system

Motorized boats walking on the Bangkok Canal are the fastest and most memorable means of transportation. The canal gave the city the title of Venice of the East. Once upon a time, all transportation was done by ships. Today, most rivers are filled to build streets. A number of elevated highways have also been built in downtown Bangkok to solve the serious traffic congestion problem in Bangkok.

Collective transportation

Bangkok mass transit system (BTS, or elevated railway/subway/air train).

1999 65438+On February 5, 2009, two 55km independent lines were opened, and passengers can transfer between the two lines at Siam Station. At Sala Daeng Station, Mo Chit Station and Asok Station, passengers can transfer to Bangkok Metro.

1) is a Silom line with seven stations: National Stadium Station, Siam Station, Ratchadamri Station in Lacha, Sala Daeng Station, Chong Nonsi Station, Surasak Station and Zhengwang Station.

2) Sukunyi Line, with 17 stations: Mo Chit Station, Saphan Khwai Station, Ali Station, Sanam Pao Station, Victory Monument Station, Phayatai Station, Ratchathewl Station and Siam Station. Jilong Station (Chit Lom), Benji Station (Phloen Chit), Nana Station (Nana), Yasuo Station (Asok), Pumbaa Station (Phrom Phong), Tongluo Station (Thong Lo), Ekamai Station, Phra Khanong Station and Annut Station.

Bangkok underground railway public company

The first subway (MRTA[ 1]) was opened in July 2004, connecting the northern end of the city and the city center, with a total of 18 stations. 10 years ago, due to the political situation in Thailand and the Asian financial crisis, the elevated train project originally invested by Hopewell in Hong Kong was completely abandoned. It has become an international joke that abandoned reinforced concrete columns can be seen everywhere from Nanguopeng Railway Station in Bangkok to don mueang international airport in Bangkok.

The 20km underground railway line of the first treaty: Hua Lamphong, Sam Yan, Silom, Lumphini, Khlong Toel, Queen Sirkit Nation Centre, Sukhumvit Station, Phetchaburi Station, Phra Ram 9 Station, Thai Cultural Center Station, Huiquan Station, Sutthisan Station, Ratchadaphisek Station, Lat Phrao, Phahon Yothin, Charuchak Park, Kamphaeng Phet and Bang Sue.

Passengers can transfer to Bangkok Public Transport System (BTS) at Chatuchak Park, Sukhumvit or Silom. As the elevated tram and subway belong to two different companies, passengers have to leave the station and then enter another transportation system to change trains, which is a more inconvenient place.

Visitors can also change to the Royal Thai Railway (BTS) at Hua Deng Peng Station or Bonsu Station in South China for many places in northern and southern Thailand, and even have two trains to Butterworth, Penang Province every day.

Bangkok airport

The old Bangkok Airport (or Don Muang Airport) was once one of the busiest airports in Southeast Asia, located in the north of the city.

The new Bangkok International Airport is located in the southeast of the city. Construction began in 2002 and was completed and put into use on September 28, 2006. At that time, Don Mueang Airport was suspended for six months, but it was reopened as a domestic airport due to various reasons such as computer failure.

Railway traffic

The main railway station in Bangkok is South China Peng Railway Station, from which you can take a bus to the domestic government, Malaysia, Laos and Cambodia.

Since the northbound trains (such as the ancient capital city and Chiang Mai) all pass through Don Mueang Airport Station, tourists who take domestic flights can walk on the platform of Station No.2 and wait for the train to go to the northern provinces without wasting time and effort to enter the downtown area of Bangkok. Or take a short taxi to Mozhi and then take a bus to the northern and northeastern provinces of Thailand.

motor transport

The roads in Bangkok are famous in the world, and it may be easy to win the title of "the first block in Asia", so some people call it "the largest parking lot in the world". If you are in the kingdom of Thailand, you can definitely see the traffic situation in Bangkok every morning when you turn on the TV, every day, without exception. The east-west ring road around Bangkok has long been built, which can really save motorists a lot of time. But don't think you can avoid the rush hour unless you drive on the ring road in the middle of the night.

coach

There are three coach stations in Bangkok:

The long-distance bus from Bangkok to Ekkamai is close to BTS Ekkimi Station-you can take a bus to the eastern provinces, such as Pattaya.

Mo Chit, near BTS Moji Station-you can take a bus to the northern and northeastern provinces.

Bangkok Southern Passenger Station)-The old station is located in Bangkok, and the new station is located in Tallingchen [3], which is under construction. You can travel to southern provinces such as Phuket and Surat by bus.

In the peak season, there is usually a long-distance bus to various tourist attractions every half hour.

There are also buses to Pattaya, Kongjing, Nakhon Ratchasima and nong khai outside Terminal 2 of the new airport.

Go sightseeing

Bangkok, whose original meaning is "city of angels", has the reputation of "Buddhist Temple Capital", which is the capital of Thailand and the political, economic, cultural and transportation center of Thailand. Bangkok is located on the Chao Phraya River, 4 kilometers away from Siam Bay and 0/5 kilometers away from Hekou. The whole city covers an area of 1568 square kilometers and has a population of more than 6 million. There are many rivers and frequent freight transportation in the city, which is called "Venice of the East". Bangkok Port is one of the famous rice export ports in Thailand and even the world.

Bangkok has 24 counties and 65,438+050 districts, most of which are east of Chao Phraya River. * * * There are six industrial and commercial zones, the most prosperous of which is Longlu in Bandai District. Wangjiatian Square is "the largest"; Schleim street is the most "foreign"; The Chinatown market is the largest and most prosperous. The area along the Chao Phraya River is not only the political center of Thailand, but also a densely populated area of tourist attractions. Dusit is the new political center of Thailand.

Over 200 years ago, Bangkok was a small fishing village. It was not until 1782 that King Rama I of Thailand moved the capital from Dun Ngari across a river to Bangkok. Since then, Bangkok has gradually expanded and prospered. Today, it has become the largest city in Thailand and the second largest city in Southeast Asia.

In recent decades, Bangkok has developed with each passing day. Nowadays, with wide roads, high-rise buildings, busy traffic and extraordinary prosperity, more than 50% of industrial enterprises and about 80% of colleges and universities in China are concentrated. Chulalongkorn University, which is famous far and near, and Hosei University, which is famous for its politics and economy, are located here.

Bangkok is also one of the centers of international activities, with as many as 200 to 300 international conferences held here every year. The regional offices of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, the World Bank, the World Health Organization, the International Labour Organization and more than 20 international organizations are all located in Shanghai. Bangkok is also the headquarters of the World Buddhist Friendship Association (with 32 member countries) and the seat of the international "Asian Institute of Technology".

Must-visit hotspots:

The Grand Palace, with all kinds of royal articles and bronze exhibits, can also worship the four-faced Buddha.

You shouldn't miss many other temples, how can you get the share of reclining Buddha Temple and Liming Temple!

It's best for the family to visit Siam City Park, or take a boat to the Chao Phraya River to see the scenery on both sides and experience the life in house boat.

Kamikabi:

Kabi is an idyllic island near the Andaman coast, overlooking one of the most beautiful Wang Yang in the world. Located 800 kilometers south of Bangkok, the province is famous for its intoxicating beach scenery, including the secluded Phra-Nang Bay and Hat-Noparrat-Thara and Phi Phi Phi Island in Kaiyang.

Gourmet:

Thai specialties. Dong Yin Palace's spicy taste, Thai lemon grass and Alpinia officinarum cooking food, and many characteristic restaurants and coffee shops on the street all make you have a full meal.

Shopping:

Many flea markets, such as Chatuchak, Bangrak, Thewet and Woeng Nakhon Kasem, can buy precious Tess and famous Thai gems in Phatphong and Mahesak near the hotel.

[Edit this paragraph] twin cities

Beijing, China

Chaozhou in China

Washington state, DC, USA

Moscow, Russia

Play in Bangkok

Now Bangkok gives tourists the feeling of chaos and order. However, through the surface of this city, you will find its amazing beauty and elegance. Many resplendent Thai buildings link the city with its past, while those glittering skyscrapers with strange shapes point to the future. On the other side of the crowded and noisy street is a quiet and winding alley with rows of wooden houses on both sides, giving people a sense of belonging. Sitting on the air light rail to visit the city, you can see all kinds of scenery: beautiful parks, lush tropical gardens and well-preserved colonial-era style large official residences. The most important waterway, the Zhaopiye River, shows the quiet side of the city: it is also interesting to visit the river by water or charter and experience the maze of canals.

In fact, the charm of Bangkok lies in its contradiction. Here, there are disgusting, ugly and even shocking things, as well as perfect and beautiful things, and the two complement each other. Sukunyi Street, the main thoroughfare in the east of Bangkok, is an excellent example. The street looks like the devil's forging: the sidewalks are overwhelmed, concrete blocks are scattered all over the floor, the tracks of reinforced concrete and air light rail make the sky dark, and vendors are fighting for the site, which makes everything look so chaotic and noisy. However, if you walk slowly, you will feel its beautiful and moving side: mouthwatering fruits sold by vendors selling counterfeit brand-name watches, smiling girls selling exquisite flower baskets by outdoor sewing stalls, Buddhist shrines at busy intersections, or Indian astrologers telling fortune in downtown areas.

At night, the city becomes full of vitality and the most active entertainment park in Asia. First-class Thai hotels are located in traditional houses. The cooking technology here is the best in the world. Charming and weird nightclubs, erotic bars and various places of entertainment are all over the city. Tourists will never get bored here.

World-class traffic jams are the most frustrating. Fortunately, the taxi fare is very low. In most cases, it costs less than 20 yuan to travel around the city by taxi-even if the traffic is very heavy. Make sure the driver turns on the meter. If rejected, you can get off and take a taxi. Many locals and a few adventurous tourists prefer motorcycles that move flexibly in traffic. This kind of car is very fast and it's creepy to drive. Tuk-tuk taxi, a colorful three-wheeled taxi named after the sound of its small engine, is a great pleasure for short trips, but it is usually expensive (and dangerous). Be sure to negotiate the price in advance. The fashionable and modern air light rail is the most convenient and comfortable means of transportation when traveling.

[Edit this paragraph] Beijing Olympic Games and Bangkok

Arrival time of the torch relay of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games in Bangkok Station: 09: 38 on April 6, 2008.

16, the reporter learned from the coordination meeting between BOCOG and Thailand that the torch relay route in Bangkok has been reduced from the initial 20km to10.6km, and the whole relay will be around Chinatown and the Royal Palace.

Zhan Shichang, director of the Thai Olympic Committee who coordinated the details of the torch relay, happened to be a local Chinese. He showed reporters the route map of the torch relay.

The original route design started from the "Infinite Life" memorial archway in the center of Chinatown, and the destination was still there. Later, considering the long route and security issues, the final route started from the memorial archway of "Boundless Life", centered on Chinatown and the Imperial Palace, and passed through landmark attractions such as the bronze statue of Emperor Rama V, the Imperial Palace, the Democratic Constitution Monument and the Parliament Building.

By then, there will be 80 torchbearers in Bangkok, but the first one will be Anan Siripachalapong, Bangkok's deputy minister in charge of sports and cultural affairs.