What are the legends and speculations about the origin of life?

When Darwin visited South America, he found fossils of marine life on the top of the Andes, which puzzled him. When the Beagle set sail, Darwin took with him a copy of Principles of Geology written by British geologist Lyle. Lyle believes that the topography and landforms of the earth are the result of subtle changes over a long period of time. Lyle believes that tiny forces such as wind, raindrops, ice and snow can completely change the topography of the surface after tens of millions of years. Darwin himself believes that subtle changes that cannot be detected can also cause great changes as long as there is enough time. Darwin estimates that the middle Cretaceous period has a history of about 3 million years. Natural factors, such as small earthquakes, which lasted for a long time, made it possible to find biological remains in the sea on high mountains.

During his inspection in the Galapagos Islands, Darwin found that there were no great differences between tortoises and plovers on each island, but there were some differences. He also found that the creatures in the Galapagos Islands were very similar to those in the South American continent. So he began to suspect that the creatures on the island may have the same ancestors, and the difference between them is the result of adapting to the different environments of various islands for thousands of years. Each species is the result of some subtle changes in the process of countless generations.

Biological evolution was not a new concept at that time. In 189, the French zoologist Lamarck proposed that when the environment changes, species will adapt to develop their own organs to adapt to the environment, and common organs will develop. However, there is no scientific evidence to prove the hypothesis that "use in and discard in" and "acquired characteristics can be inherited". Malthus believes that the production of human food can never catch up with the increase of population, resulting in the shortage of food, and then famine or war, leading to the death of some people. Darwin associated this with the mechanism of biological evolution: evolution is the result of free elimination in the competition for survival, and resources such as food and space are limited, and only individuals who are most adapted to the environment can survive. Continuation of ethnic groups.

The concept of "natural selection" was gradually formed during Darwin's five-year round-the-world expedition. After returning to England in 1836, Darwin slowly wrote an article about his views, but it was not published. Most scientists believe that Darwin delayed publishing his works for a long time because he was worried that his thoughts were too radical for the society at that time. In 1858, Darwin received an article about species formation from Wallace, a naturalist who was investigating in the Malay archipelago. Wallace's views on speciation have many similarities with his, which increased Darwin's confidence in his theory. So they expressed their views on speciation at the Royal Science Annual Meeting in London in 1858. Then Darwin published the Primacy of Species in 1859.

Darwin's theory of evolution caused widespread controversy at that time and was regarded as heresy by the Christian church. Western society also sneered at Darwin. According to the dogma of Catholicism at that time, man is the most unique and perfect masterpiece created by God according to his own image. Darwin's theory not only overturns the idea that God created everything, but also describes man as the product of cruel competition for survival for thousands of years. It also points out that man and other mammals have the same ancestor, which is simply blasphemy against God and Christian teachings. This was quite a shock in the conservative society at that time. < P > However, Darwin's theory was not perfect at that time, and no genetic mechanism was known at that time, which could not explain how the accidental differences among individuals came about. It was not until later that it was combined with the Austrian geneticist Mendel's genetic law to form a modern comprehensive theory that is now widely accepted by the public.

After the 195s, human genes were discovered, which solved the mystery of differences within species in evolutionary theory and how these characteristics passed on to offspring through reproduction. Studying the DNA of different animals, the comparison confirmed that * * * said the same ancestor.

After reading the above article, We can know that Darwin's theoretical views are basically based on naked eye observation and imagination, and the basic tools are only paper and pen with a magnifying glass at best. Without a high-tech laboratory, it is inevitable that his views will tend to be subjective, just like people are monkeys.

Although some people regard evolution as a joke, it is undeniable that evolution has indeed promoted the development of biological evolution, and people who laugh may not do better in those days. Putting you naked in the forest doesn't necessarily mean that you are smarter than a monkey. Many modern sciences, such as biological sciences, genetics, and even the most advanced biogenetics, are the pioneers. It's like we don't know whether people in the future will treat the present brief history of time and relativity as jokes, but we can learn from the past. We should not forget that drinking water is the source of falling leaves.