Information about SMSC

Namely: short message service center

It is the SMS menu in the mobile phone!

The system doesn't seem to have it.

Brief introduction of SMS gateway

1 overview

With the increasing use of Chinese-supported mobile phones, SMS has become one of the most commonly used services for mobile phone users. In addition to peer-to-peer SMS services from mobile phone users, SMS services from information platforms to mobile phone users are also developing rapidly, becoming a means for users to obtain information in a timely and convenient manner. With the support of service provider (SP), users can get a lot of useful information through SMS on demand or website customization, and SP can also get benefits by providing paid information services, so both users and SP have great demand for SMS information services.

The construction of SMS Gateway (ISMG) can provide a safe and fast channel for data exchange between SP and SMS Center (SMSC), so that mobile phone users can communicate with SP through SMS, receive information services provided by SP, and complete corresponding functions such as billing collection, business management and network management.

2. The development of short message service

2. 1 development stage of SMS information service

From the perspective of the development of short message service, the development of short message information service has experienced the following two periods:

(1) In the first stage, the SMS center is the main period for providing services and information. At present, SMS center is the only information provider and data transmission channel, which leads to less information and inconsistent information sources in SMS centers. This stage is the independent development period of SMS information service.

(2) In the second stage, the information on the Internet is the main information source of short messages, and the SP on the Internet communicates directly with all SMSC to establish an interface for information exchange. Its characteristic is that SP, which is extremely rich in information, is the information provider, which makes up for the deficiency of the original SMSC. This stage is a period of rapid expansion of short message service.

At present, the short message service is in the second stage of business development, and its main business characteristic mode is to rely on the original mobile phone information transmission mode (short message) to transmit massive information on the Internet to users through mobile phone short messages according to their requirements. This development model completely separates the combination of traditional information provision and information service, and embodies a development model combining traditional commerce with the Internet.

At this stage, China Mobile launched Monternet service, while China Unicom also launched Unicom's letter service.

2.2 Types of SMS services

Taking Monternet as an example, this paper introduces the types of short message service provided to users in cooperation with SP. The short message service provided by Monternet includes information service, entertainment service, location service, communication service and business service.

Information services include:

Stock market information, such as customized or on-demand real-time market information, price reminders, stock trends, market trends, expert stock reviews and other information;

News customization, which can customize or order international, domestic, financial, scientific and technological, sports, entertainment and other news;

Lottery information, which can be customized or on-demand for various lottery information in cities;

Foreign exchange quotation can be customized or customized as required;

Weather forecast, you can customize or order the weather forecast of provincial capital cities, domestic tourist attractions, world cities, and even professional weather forecast;

Online translation, English-Chinese and Chinese-English word query on demand.

Entertainment services include:

Download ringtones and pictures, you can customize or order ringtones, start LOGO and other pictures;

Daily humor, humor and jokes can be customized or on demand;

Daily astrology, you can customize or order constellation, blood type, flower language, daily fortune, etc.

Electronic pets can adopt various electronic pets as needed;

Interactive games, can be customized or on-demand all kinds of quiz, lantern riddle games, etc.

Location services include:

City information query, you can query postal code, long-distance area code, bus route, surrounding environment and other information as needed;

Commercial broadcasting, you can customize or request information such as wireless advertising, discount/catering and entertainment.

Communication services include:

Mobile email, you can customize email notification, online SMS, and mobile phone to send and receive emails;

Daily language, you can customize or order various phrase information;

Chat online, you can chat online anytime and anywhere with mobile OICQ.

Business services include:

Ticketing service: Railway and flight information can be obtained on demand.

2.8 How to use SMS information service

Mobile phone users can enjoy the above services through SMS, VOD or website customization.

Mobile phone on-demand mode:

The user inputs the service code to be ordered in the message body of the short message edited by the mobile phone, and then inputs the service code of SP in the "send" number to send the short message;

If the transmission is successful, you can receive the on-demand information later.

How to customize the website:

Users log on to the SP website that provides short message service, register as SP users according to the page prompts, and register the user's mobile phone number;

SP will send the confirmation password to the user via SMS, and the user will use this password to confirm in SP. If the confirmation is successful, you can customize the service provided by SP.

Users customize the required services on SP's page, and SP will send information to users' mobile phones according to the customized information.

2.4 Introduction of SMS Gateway

In the early stage of the second phase of short message service, SP generally accesses a certain SMSC, and SMSC directly sends overlapping short messages to users through signaling network. However, when the short message service of SP is very large, all short messages are forwarded by SMSC directly connected to SP, which makes SMSC extremely loaded and difficult to meet the needs of service development. Moreover, the standard practice of GSM network is that the SMSC to which the user belongs is responsible for the forwarding of the user's short message service. If SMSC does not establish a connection with the SP providing the service, when the user applies for short message service through SMS on demand, the uplink short message cannot be sent to the SP.

Therefore, with the development of business, the forwarding of information short messages also needs to adopt the standard practice of GSM network, that is, the SMSC to which the user belongs is responsible for sending the user's short message service. However, how to connect a large number of SP to SMSC in various places, how to ensure the consistency and security of access, and how to provide quality services to users are the main problems to be solved in the current business development. In order to solve this problem, SMS gateway came into being. In the mode of SMS gateway participation, SMS gateway, as a professional information publisher and manager, realizes the interaction between SP and SMSC.

Brief introduction to the composition of SMS gateway system

Taking Monternet as an example, this paper introduces the system composition of short message gateway.

(1) SMS participants.

Service provider (SP): information provider of short message service;

Internet short message gateway (ISMG): provides a channel for data exchange between SP and SMS center, and connects with SP through CMPP (China Mobile Peer-to-Peer) protocol and SMS center through SMPP3.3 protocol;

Short Message Service Center (SMSC): use signaling network to send short messages to mobile phone users;

Gateway Name Server (GNS): Provides routing queries for SMS gateways.

(2) SMS information service process

Users send SMS services-that is, MO services, such as information on demand. The short message center sends the short message content to the connected short message gateway through SMPP protocol. According to the SMS sending number (that is, the service code of SP), the SMS gateway sends the SMS content to the corresponding SP in CMPP protocol for processing.

Users receive short message services, that is, MT services, such as SMS messages, ringtone downloads, etc. SP providing this service sends the short message content to the connected short message gateway by CMPP protocol, and the short message gateway sends it to the short message center to which the user belongs by SMPP protocol according to the user's mobile phone number segment.

(3) Information forwarding and routing inquiry between SMS gateways.

If the SMS center to which the user belongs and the SP providing the service are connected to different SMS gateways, it will be forwarded by the SMS gateway using CMPP protocol.

The routing information of SP connected to each SMS gateway and SMS center is maintained by the tandem gateway, and each SMS gateway performs routing query and routing update through CMPP protocol. Each SMS gateway will cache the queried routing information locally, and the tandem gateway will also publish the updated routing information with CMPP protocol.

4 SMS gateway system structure

The function of SMS gateway is to provide a safe and fast channel for data exchange between SP and SMS center, so that mobile phone users can communicate with SP in two directions through SMS, receive information services provided by SP, and complete corresponding charging and collection functions.

The short message gateway includes communication software (using CMPP protocol) that is responsible for the connection with SP. Protocol software connected with SMSC within the scope of responsibility (using SMPP protocol). Communication software (ISMG CMPP protocol), business processing software, network management software, firewall software and billing processing software that provides original work orders for billing.

The functions of each component of SMS gateway are as follows:

(1)SMPP agent system is connected with SMS center in GSM network according to version 3.3 protocol to realize efficient and reliable data transmission. The system supports the flow control function and can control the transmission flow according to the flow of SMSC.

(2) The communication agent system realizes the connection and protocol intercommunication with SP and other content providers. Based on TCP/IP protocol, it establishes a safe and efficient transmission channel between CMPP protocol and SP. The system supports the flow control function and can control the received flow according to its own business volume.

(3) As an important functional component of SMS gateway, firewall protects other related modules inside SMS gateway and realizes packet filtering and proxy for internal and external access.

(4) The short message gateway processing system completes the service processing of the gateway, including: routing inquiry to the tandem gateway, locally establishing the cache of the corresponding tables of the short message gateway ID, the user's mobile phone number, the SP ID and its IP address, and establishing the corresponding tables of the user's mobile phone number segment and the SMSC (Short Message Center) address, so as to support the data distribution function and provide the original billing bill.

And processing.

(5) The billing system of SMS gateway provides the original bill record (CDR) of SMS gateway.

(6) The business management system includes business management and network management monitoring functions.

Business management is mainly used to complete statistical reports of business, generate reports, and add, modify and delete user data by operators.

Network management monitoring mainly completes the management of monitoring, inquiry, operation and maintenance of the gateway system.

5 SMS business process

(1) Production Order Business Process

For MO service, the SMS center to which the user belongs will forward the SMS to the SMS gateway responsible for connecting the SMS center, and the SMS gateway will forward the request to the corresponding SP according to the service code and service code. If SP is the SP connected by SMS gateway, SMS gateway forwards it directly; If the SP is not the SP it is responsible for connecting, it needs to query the route from the tandem gateway, and then forward the request to the responsible SMS gateway, which forwards the request to the SP.

(2) Mobile office business process

For MT service, the short message gateway judges the ownership of the short message center according to the received user's mobile phone number, and if the short message gateway is connected to the short message center, it directly sends the service data to the short message center; Otherwise, the routing is queried from the tandem gateway, and the service data is sent to the SMS gateway responsible for connection according to the routing query result, and then sent to the home SMS center by the SMS gateway, and then sent to the user.

6 routing of SMS gateway

6. 1 routing process

There are two routing processes in SMS business process:

(1) Route from SMS center to SP providing information service.

(2) The route of SP's information service content to the SMS center where the user's mobile phone belongs.

Due to the large number of mobile phone users, SMS centers and SP providing services, which are widely distributed in the region, it is impossible to have a SMS gateway that can directly connect all SMS centers and SP to provide services for SMS users in the network. Instead, there are several SMS gateways, each of which is responsible for the connection between SMS centers and SP in some areas. This requires that there is a routing relationship between SMS gateways, any SMS user can find any SP request information, and any SP can send SMS information to any user.

There are no clear rules for the routing information of SMS gateway connected between SP and SP, and the situation of SP changes rapidly with the development of business. It is impossible for all SMS gateways to maintain this routing table, but tandem gateways do.

When SMS gateway receives SMS request and needs to send it to SP, if SP is not directly connected to SMS gateway, SMS gateway will send a routing query to tandem gateway through CMPP protocol, and tandem gateway will reply with CMPP protocol and send the address of SMS forwarding gateway to SMS gateway. After the SMS gateway finds the route through this process, it sends a SMS request to the SMS forwarding gateway, and then the SMS forwarding gateway forwards it to the connected SP, so that the information can be forwarded to the SP at most once.

The routing table of user number and user home is used to send short messages to users, and its contents are user number segment and corresponding short message center address or forward short message gateway address, wherein the routing table corresponding to user number segment and forward short message gateway address is also maintained by tandem gateway.

When the SMS gateway receives the SMS sending request from SP, if the SMS center to which the user belongs is not directly connected with the SMS gateway, the SMS gateway will initiate a routing query to the tandem gateway through CMPP protocol, and the tandem gateway will reply with CMPP protocol and send the address of the SMS forwarding gateway to the SMS gateway. After the short message gateway finds the route through this process, it sends a request to the short message forwarding gateway, and then the short message forwarding gateway forwards it to the connected short message center, so that the information can be forwarded to the user at most once.

6.2 Maintenance of Routing Table

(1) tandem gateway

The routing table maintained by the tandem gateway is used to query the address of the forwarding gateway, including:

A) routing table of service code, service code, SP enterprise code and IP address of SMS gateway connected to SP

B) the routing table of the national user's mobile phone number segment and the IP address of the short message gateway of the province to which the user belongs.

Routing table A of tandem gateway is automatically generated by CMPP protocol, and routing table B is manually configured.

In order to maintain routing table A, tandem gateway requires that all SMS gateways have newly added SP or SP to increase service content, or that there is a newly connected SMS gateway in the network, it must report routing update information to tandem gateway with CMPP protocol, or tandem gateway can obtain all routing tables of the gateway with CMPP protocol.

When the whole network changes, the tandem gateway can send the updated information to the provincial gateway.

(2) short message gateway in the province

The routing table maintained by the SMS gateway in the province is used to query the addresses of SP and SMS center, including:

A) For directly connected SP: service code, service code, SP enterprise code and SP IP address routing table.

B) For mobile phone users in this province: the routing table of the mobile phone number segment in this province and the IP address of the short message center to which the user belongs.

Routing table a and routing table 6 of SMS gateway are manually configured.

In order to improve the efficiency of route query and reduce the query pressure of tandem gateway, SMS gateway is saved to cache the routes queried by tandem gateway. The short message gateway in the province can also take the initiative to apply for all routing tables from the tandem gateway.

7 Tianxin Gateway is connected with SMS center and SP.

(1) Connection between SMS Gateway and SMS Center

The short message gateway and the short message center should be interconnected by a dedicated line. The short message center should be reformed. The main contents of the reform are:

On the basis of the original SMPP 3.3, the function of the protocol is extended, so that the SMS extension entity (SME), namely the SMS gateway, can get the result of whether the SMS was sent successfully, so that the SMS gateway can record the billing, and can use CMPP to send the information of whether the SMS was sent successfully to SP.

(2) Connection between SMS Gateway and SP

Each SP that provides services only needs to connect to the Internet, and can connect to the SMS gateway through the Internet.

As the SMS gateway needs to be responsible for the routing query of SP, in principle, the service of an SP can only be accessed from one SMS gateway, so as to avoid the routing confusion when the uplink SMS of SMS on demand service is sent to SP.

For very large SP, such as Sina.com, it is allowed to access multiple SMS gateways to divert SMS traffic. In this case, SP will provide services to VOD service by partition. For example, suppose Sina connects two SMS gateways in Beijing and Guangzhou respectively, so Beijing gateway is responsible for the business in the north and Guangzhou gateway is responsible for the business in the south. When the short message gateway in Tianjin inquires about the route of Sina from the tandem gateway, the tandem gateway will return the address of Beijing short message gateway as the forwarding gateway. When the short message gateway in Guangxi inquires about the route of Sina from the tandem gateway, the tandem gateway will return the address of the short message gateway in Guangzhou as the address of the forwarding gateway.

8 billing, network management and security

(1) billing method for short message service

The charging collection point of SMS information service is located in SMS gateway, and the information charging is completed by the provincial charging center of GSM network.

The SMS gateway generates detailed billing records for all SMS messages passing through the gateway, including SMS serial number, SMS type, user type, mobile phone number of billing user, SP enterprise code, third-party number (user number receiving SMS), service code, service code, user billing category, information fee, monthly subscription fee, SMS sending status, SMS sending priority, information length, billing user's home province, gateway code and forwarding gateway.

The short message gateway can generate a clear collection directory of charging record files regularly/quantitatively with adjustable parameters, and the charging collection interface supports FTP, FTAM and other protocols. The provincial billing centers of GSM network are equipped with collecting machines to complete the regular collection of original billing records.

(2) Network management of SMS gateway

SMS Gateway provides SNMP interface, open interface protocol and information format, open MIB library, and supports the collection of configuration, alarm and performance data.

Business management is mainly used to complete statistical reports of business, generate reports, and add, modify and delete user data by operators.

Network management monitoring mainly completes the management of monitoring, inquiry, operation and maintenance of the gateway system.

(3) System security

In the design of hardware and software structure, SMS gateway should adopt distributed and modular equipment, in which the hardware equipment can adopt multiple hosts, and the load on the network can be shared through four-layer switches to avoid a single point of failure and realize the safety of the equipment.

At the same time, SMS gateway adopts firewall technology, which can support IP packet filtering and application proxy to prevent external attacks and realize information security.

When establishing CMPP protocol connection between SMS gateway and SP, MD5 is used to authenticate each other's identities to realize business security.

The connection between SMS gateway, SMS center and billing center adopts a dedicated line, and the connection with billing center also needs to add a firewall at the billing center side to ensure that the security of existing network equipment will not be reduced due to the connection with SMS gateway.

With the development of technology in the future, IPVPN technology can be considered between SMS gateways and between SMS gateways and SP to isolate the whole system from the Internet and improve the security of the system more effectively.

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