What does it mean that Bailuyuan is so charming?

As a novel, White Deer Plain is magical and contains many metaphors. Only by understanding these metaphors can we really understand this book.

The novel White Deer Plain is an elegy of farming civilization. In the book, the author does not hesitate to describe all kinds of farmland work, how to plow and harvest, how to weave cloth, and how to cook with a fire-all of which are written in a style close to hymns, delicate, calm and profound. Even the part about praying for rain is full of piety.

Perhaps, the author Chen thinks that the farming age is the best time for mankind, and this book is about a painful experience of ancient farming civilization withdrawing from the historical stage under the impact of western industrial civilization. The demise of the Manchu Dynasty, the outbreak of the Revolution of 1911 and the rise of * * * were all the results of the impact of western industrial civilization. In this context, what kind of joys and sorrows will people experience?

Look at Bai Jiaxuan and Mr. Zhu first.

Bai Jiaxuan is both a landlord and a farmer. According to the class division, it is difficult to say whether he is an exploiting class or an exploited class. He is a figure extracted from agricultural civilization and a defender of traditional morality. Bai Jiaxuan abides by the creed of "farming and reading" and is diligent and upright. As a patriarch, he set an example by regulating his own behavior with village rules and regulations, thus regulating his own behavior; As a father, he strictly educated his children, so that they, like himself, carefully guarded the land and rules left by their ancestors. His generosity and harshness make him almost inviolable. In Heiwa's view, his image as a Taoist guardian is "the waist is too hard and straight". And Mr. Zhu just represents the road that Bai Jiaxuan is struggling to protect. Bai Jiaxuan represents the economic foundation of the farming era, and Mr. Zhu represents the superstructure of the farming era, one is the concentration of economy and the other is the concentration of culture. The author mentioned the spirit of Bailuyuan many times in the book, and these two people can be called Bailuyuan spirit.

Why was Bai Jiaxuan's waist interrupted? The narrative in the book was interrupted by Heiwa's bandits. In fact, Bai Jiaxuan's waist will break sooner or later. With the arrival of a new era, his back is no longer straight and hard. He can only bend down and hold his stubborn head high, guarding the road that belongs to that era. Mr. Zhu appeared in the book as a perfect saint, but left with regret. Without his material foundation, he naturally cannot exist. After Mr. Zhu's death, Bai Jiaxuan said with emotion: "There will be no such gentleman in the world!" This sentence is correct. China's traditional culture is based on farming civilization. Once industrial civilization replaces agricultural civilization, traditional culture can only become a prop on the stage, which is not only specious but also useless.

Several young people in the book are all students of Teacher Zhu. Lu and Lu are brothers, Bai Xiaowen and Lu are brothers, the white deer elf is, and so is Heiwa. These people come from the same school, but they have different personalities, experiences and endings.

Lu is the earliest * * * in Bailuyuan, with advanced ideas. He has been doing revolutionary work tirelessly, and he will never die after life and death. Based on this, Lu is respectable, but how does Mr. Zhu evaluate him? When Zhao Peng and Bai Xiaowen met in Bailuyuan Academy, they were intrigued, one wanted to catch and the other wanted to escape. Mr. Zhu said, "It seems that they are not gentlemen."

Obviously, Lu is not the spirit of Bailuyuan in the author's mind. Lu is a classic image different from other literary works. As a tutor, his pedigree is very bad. The family background of Luzu is very disgraceful. In Bai Jiaxuan's words, it is "a home made of bricks"; His father is a rogue with ulterior motives, and he is the first in the White Deer Plain. Why didn't the author write the first * * * as Zhu's son or Bai Jiaxuan's son? Is it intentional?

Lu is Lu's younger brother, a junior officer of the Kuomintang. There is nothing special about him. He was the representative of some young people at that time, and there were many such figures at that time. The highlight of his book is that he fell in love with Ghost. He and Bai Ling decided which side to join by tossing copper coins. Then he kept the copper coin. Both he and his brother love the spirit as the spirit of the Millennium. There are two metaphors here: does the copper coin mean that the Kuomintang and the Communist Party are originally one, and they are two sides of the same copper coin? And their love for ghosts means that both sides love their hometown and their country deeply?

Bai Ling is a very important character in the novel. She is the incarnation of the white deer, a very idealized figure in the author's works, and a white deer elf in the book. In Mr. Zhu's eyes, Bai "can run the country and keep the country safe" and Wu "can command thousands of troops and horses". However, Mr. Zhu felt that the fate of Ghost was not good. "There is a black hole on the left." Bai Ling is undoubtedly the most beautiful and talented daughter in Bailuyuan. She symbolizes the tenderness and fiery ideal of Bailuyuan, but she left with tears. In Bai Jiaxuan's dream, when Bailu left, his eyes were filled with tears of injustice. In fact, the world should not have come, because it is too dirty. She is a revolutionary. She didn't die under the enemy's gun, didn't die in the meanness of a traitor, but was buried alive by her comrades.

The death of Bai Ling made the reader very painful, and I think it is also painful for the author to arrange his own heart like this. If she is killed by the enemy, we will hate the enemy; If she dies of illness, we will feel doomed. But the way she died was very depressing, and this arrangement directly blocked the light we could see.

Tian Xiaoe is the greatest tragic figure in both plays and novels. She has no dignity when she is alive, and will be crushed under the town demon tower when she dies. The author showed us the cold side of traditional culture through Tian Xiaoe. She is a victim of system and culture, a moth thrown into the fire. Tian Xiaoe's struggle is ignorant and emotional. She is fighting against the whole orthodoxy and challenging the moral dignity of Bailuyuan. I think there is a comparison between her and Bai Ling: Xiao E is a twisted catharsis of repressed human nature in the world, and Bai Ling is a gushing rational pursuit. They are two extremes living in the same land, one struggling in the torch and the other sinking in the dark.

Bai Xiaowen is a man with a story. He was the most promising successor of the family, but he degenerated into a beggar and a heavy smoker, and almost starved to death to feed wild dogs. Then he was introduced to the security team, became the battalion commander of the security team, and returned to Bailu Village to recognize his ancestors. Finally, he participated in the uprising planned by Heiwa and became a county magistrate. His life changed from a respected patriarch's successor to a beggar, from a beggar to a peacekeeping battalion commander who killed revolutionaries, and then he was called a speculative politician. All this seems accidental, but it also tells an inevitable truth. Bai Jiaxuan thinks that the fall of Xiao Wen is the result of Tian Xiaoe's temptation, and he was tempted because Xiao Wen was not firm. Another reason is that I think Xiaowen's daughter-in-law has not been found yet. I think it is natural for filial piety to degenerate. Filial piety is for thoughtful people. In such an era of great change, it is almost impossible for a lively young man to stay in the village as a guardian of morality. His depravity is tantamount to tempering his life, adding another thing to his traditional education: cunning, ruthlessness and cruelty. Our traditional culture itself has two sides, and Bai Xiaowen has both. So he finally succeeded: he became a county magistrate.

Heiwa is a special person. His grandfather is a long-term worker, so is his father. Unless there is an accident, he will be a long-term worker all his life. When he led his lover Xiao E back to Bailuyuan, everyone refused to accept him, including his father. He is a real proletariat, and he and Xiao E are the people who need the revolution most in Bailuyuan. Lu also took a fancy to this and let Heiwa study in the provincial capital. Heiwa became the main leader of Bailuyuan Agricultural Association. After the failure of the Great Revolution, he joined the riot with Lu, became a bandit after the failure of the riot, and was recruited as the battalion commander of the security team. After becoming a battalion commander, Heiwa began to learn to be a man, worshipped Mr. Zhu as a teacher, and went back to Bailu Village to worship her ancestors and reorganize her subordinates. He became a really good man. Seeing that he had changed so much, Lu was shocked and asked him how he could go back to the village and kneel and kowtow to the ancestral temple he hated.

The author attributes this credit to Heiwa's marrying a daughter-in-law who can make him quiet. Later, he helped the guerrillas to move safely, and together with Lu, he planned the uprising of the security guard. Seeing this, we will feel that Heiwa will naturally become a hero of New China and a natural leading cadre. However, the author played a joke on us. Heiwa was shot as a counter-revolutionary with Yue Weishan and Tian Fuxian, and Bai Xiaowen, who was hated by Bai Ling, wanted to slap them in the face. This is a sad joke. Heiwa, who really needs revolution, real revolution and learns to be a good person, has been suppressed. The real revolutionary Bai Ling is dead. Lu, the initiator of this revolution, is still unknown, while the speculator Bai Xiaowen has become the county magistrate.