Problem, here comes the master (good English)

Chinese name banyan tree

English famous banyan tree

Alias banyan, mature tree and banyan beard.

morphological character

Chinese fir is an evergreen tree with a height of 20-25m and active roots. Leaves leathery, oval, ovoid or obovate, 4 4- 10/0cm long and 2-4cm wide. Inflorescence receptacle born singly or in pairs in leaf axils, oblate-ovoid, 5- 10 mm in diameter, milky white, yellow or reddish when mature; Gall flowers and female flowers are born in the same receptacle.

Habitat distribution

Growing on the edge of the village or in the mountains. Distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan Province, southern Zhejiang, Yunnan and Guizhou. India, Myanmar and Malaysia also have it.

use

Can be used as a street tree. Bark fiber can be used to make fishing nets and artificial cotton. Roots, bark and leaf buds are used as antipyretic drugs.

Ficus, a plant of Ficus in Moraceae, is used as medicine with leaves and air roots (Ficus fibrous). It can be collected and dried all year round.

Traditional Chinese medicine characteristics

Sexual taste orientation

Leaves: slightly bitter, astringent and cool.

Qigen: slightly bitter, astringent and cold.

Functional indication

Leaves: clearing away heat, relieving exterior syndrome and eliminating dampness. Used for influenza, malaria, bronchitis, acute enteritis, bacillary dysentery and whooping cough.

Qi root: sweating, clearing heat and penetrating rash. Can be used for treating common cold, high fever, tonsillitis, rheumatic bone pain, and traumatic injury.

dosage

Leaves 3 ~ 5 yuan, air root 0.5 ~ 1.

draw

National compilation of Chinese herbal medicines

The largest tree in the world-the banyan tree.

The scientific name of Ficus (Ficus L.F.), Moraceae, evergreen tree. Banyan trees can be divided into green trees, banyan pile bonsai and banyan melon (sweet potato banyan, ginseng banyan) bonsai according to their uses. Because of the well-developed roots of banyan, the roots often swell and protrude from the ground, and because of her unique shape, Zhangzhou people have a special liking for banyan. Using plant physiology to cultivate Ficus microcarpa scientifically can make the roots of Ficus microcarpa grow rapidly, control the growth height of its branches, and cultivate bonsai with different specifications, styles and shapes. It has a cultivation method combining natural carving with artistic processing. It promoted the ornamental value of banyan bonsai and became another unique flower in Zhangzhou after daffodils. From the smallest 50 grams of miniature banyan trees to 2000 grams of bonsai with different specifications. The natural shape, exposed roots, beautiful crown and unique charm of the ginseng banyan tree are interesting and refreshing to watch. Suitable for families, offices and public places. In recent years, it is popular in Europe, America, Japan, South Korea and other countries and regions, and is favored by consumers. Is the company's main export products, occupying a large share of the bonsai market, is a high-grade fashion flowers.

Ficus is the general name of Ficus in Moraceae. There are more than 800 species in the world, mainly distributed in tropical areas, especially in tropical rain forests. There are about 100 species of Ficus plants in China, including 67 species in Yunnan and 44 species in Xishuangbanna, accounting for 44.9% of the total number of known Ficus plants in China and 5.5% in the world.

Ficus is one of the largest woody tree species in tropical flora, which has many important characteristics of tropical rain forest, such as plate root, column root, strangulation and old stem fruiting. Among the 44 species of banyan trees growing in Xishuangbanna, 65,438+07 species have big roots, and 26 species can form various air roots or column roots. Strangulation is a unique phenomenon of banyan trees in tropical rain forests in Southeast Asia. Single forest is a special tropical rainforest landscape formed by some banyan trees transformed into thick columns of independent trees after a long period of strangulation.

Ficus is an important source of wild food; Banyan trees used as vegetables in Xishuangbanna mainly include Ficus carica, Ficus pumila, Ficus macrocarpa, Ficus altissima, Ficus polycarpa, Ficus xanthophylla and so on. Woody wild vegetables are rich in vitamins, minerals, cellulose and picrin, which are helpful for human digestion. Dai people generally believe that eating the tender branches and leaves of woody plants can make people healthy and live longer, and can also keep girls light. It is also an important national medicinal plant. Among banyan trees, 9 species are commonly used to treat many diseases, including roots, bark, leaves and pulp.

Among Ficus plants, there are 17 species with board roots, 26 species with aerial roots or columnar roots, 8 species with flowering and fruiting of old stems, and 24 species with epiphytes at seedling stage. Among them, 2 1 species develop into trees or bridge trees by strangling plants, thus forming a single tree forest. These special ecological phenomena constitute the garden landscape. Many banyan trees, with spreading crown and shady shade, have always been traditional garden plants, such as high banyan, bodhi, weeping banyan and banyan. Some Ficus plants have become important ornamental trees in gardens, and cultivated horticultural varieties with different leaf colors and shapes. There are more than ten varieties of Ficus pendula and Ficus microcarpa.

There are many kinds of banyan trees with roots, flowering old stems, hanging gardens and strangulation, and the landscape is strange and magnificent, which embodies the important characteristics of tropical rain forests; And some species are regarded as gods (dragon) trees and Buddha trees by local ethnic groups, forming a unique national banyan culture. The park covers an area of about 15 mu and nearly 103 species of Ficus have been collected. The landscape and rich scientific connotation of Ficus altissima, Ficus pendula, Ficus obtusifolia and Ficus papaya in the park make the park an ecological park close to the appearance of natural forest, giving people a strange and beautiful enjoyment.

Banyan grows in the tropical rain forest area with high temperature and rainy weather, where the climate is humid and the rain is abundant.

Banyan (also known as Toona tenuifolia and Banyan)

Morphological characteristics: Toona sinensis is an evergreen tree with a height of 20-25m and active roots. Leaves leathery, oval, ovoid or obovate, 4 4- 10/0cm long and 2-4cm wide. Inflorescence receptacle born singly or in pairs in leaf axils, oblate-ovoid, 5- 10 mm in diameter, milky white, yellow or reddish when mature; Gall flowers and female flowers are born in the same receptacle.

Distribution: It grows on the edge of villages or in forests. Distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan Province, southern Zhejiang, Yunnan and Guizhou. India, Myanmar and West Malaysia also have it.

Uses: It can be used as a street tree. Bark fiber can be used to make fishing nets and artificial cotton. Roots, bark and leaf buds are used as antipyretic drugs.

The Tree with the Largest Crown-Banyan Tree

As the saying goes, a tree cannot be a forest. However, only banyan trees in nature can be "unique and become a forest". Ficus is a large evergreen tree of Moraceae, which is distributed in tropical and subtropical regions. Its crown is amazing. In the tropical rain forest of Bangladesh, a big banyan tree flourishes and becomes a forest. There are as many as 4000 "air roots" hanging on its branches, which become "column roots" after landing. In this way, the roots of the columns are connected, the columns and branches support each other, and the branches and leaves spread out, forming a spectacle that covers the sky and forms a forest. The huge canopy has a projected area of 1 1,000 square meters, which once housed an army of thousands of people under the trees to avoid the scorching sun. There is also an ancient banyan tree near Tianma River in Xinhui County, Guangdong Province, China, with a crown area of about 15 mu, which can be used by hundreds of people to enjoy the cool under the tree. Banyan grows in Taiwan Province, Fujian, Guangdong and southern Zhejiang. The banyan trees in the fields and roadside have become natural pavilions, which are good places for farmers and passers-by to rest, enjoy the cool and shelter from the wind and rain. There are many banyan trees in Fuzhou, so it is called "Rongcheng". The fruit of banyan is oblate, born in the axils of leaves, with a diameter less than 1 cm, and can be eaten. Seeds germinate vigorously, because of the activities of birds and the influence of wind and rain, they attach to the mother tree, absorb the nutrition of the mother tree, grow many hanging air roots, and absorb water from the humid air; The column roots buried in the soil strengthen the role of trees in absorbing water and inorganic salts from the soil. This is the mystery of "one tree makes a forest".

Small data

Fuzhou Tree-Ficus microcarpa

Fuzhou has a long history of planting banyan trees. According to the History of Music in the Song Dynasty (930 ~ 1007), it is recorded in The Jade Ring in Taiping that "the banyan tree ... is surrounded by ten places and does not wither in winter, so it is the only city in the county, so it is called Rongcheng".

In the Song Dynasty, Zhang Boyu, the magistrate of Fuzhou, planted banyan trees to prevent drought and flood, showing the scene of "the city is full of shade, but it is not covered in midsummer". Banyan has become one of the characteristics of Fuzhou ancient city. The banyan tree is luxuriant in branches and leaves, evergreen in all seasons, flourishing in branches and leaves, and stands proudly despite the cold and heat, symbolizing the pioneering spirit of Fuzhou people. 1On February 8th, 985, the 12th meeting of the Standing Committee of the Eighth Fuzhou Municipal People's Congress decided to name the banyan tree "City Tree" on the recommendation of the masses. 1On August 28th, 1997, the 34th meeting of the Eighth People's Congress of Fujian Province passed the resolution of taking banyan as the provincial tree.

Banyan trees were planted in Zhang Boyu, the prefect of Fuzhou in the Northern Song Dynasty.

Zhang Boyu (1003 ~ about 1068) was born in Jian 'an (now Jian 'ou County). In the second year of Tiansheng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1024), he was a scholar. Later, I published a book review and got excellent subjects. In the first year of Li Qing (104 1), he became a professor of Wu Jun County Studies; Then the secretary cheng as TaiGuLing. He loves the people, works hard and builds water conservancy projects. In the fourth year of Li Qing (1044), Fan Zhongyan was recommended to the imperial court for daring to speak. The first year of Huang You (1049) was the official history of the imperial court. At that time, Chen Zhizhong was the prime minister, and Apollo said, "The world has never been ruled, nor has it ever been a real prime minister." Therefore, he offended Chen Zhizhong and learned about Taiping House (now dangtu county). Emperor Injong sympathized with Apollo and gave him 50,000 yuan before he left Beijing. During He Zhi period (1054 ~ 1056), Apollo was appointed as the magistrate of Yanzhou. In the eighth year of Jiayou (1063), I learned Yuezhou (now Shaoxing, Zhejiang) from a doctor. Apollo has made great achievements in learning and cultivating talents. In the second year of Zhiping (1065), Apollo moved the capital to Fuzhou, and immediately ordered all households to dig ditches seven feet and plant banyan trees for greening. A few years later, "the city is green and the summer heat is not covered", and the reputation of "White Rong Zhi" is very famous. Apollo learned more and more, and this article left a deep impression on Ceng Gong. He is addicted to wine and good at poetry, and is known as "Zhang" and "Zhang Baipian". The official final examination department sealed the doctor. He is the author of two volumes of Penglai Poems, which have been lost.

Greenism-banyan tree

Trees in the south are considered banyan trees. There is a book that says the banyan tree is unlucky, but it disappears to the north of Ji 'an. This is a geographical limitation. Where I am, the banyan tree is a street tree, with the wind and the lotus in the pond, which should be beautiful. Looking at the banyan trees in Yunnan, Guangdong, I found that most of the banyan trees here are women-they have no beards. One day, I saw a male banyan tree with a Guan Yunchang beard, a bearded man. I quickly asked people who had studied forestry, and the answer was: the varieties are different. It turns out it's not about sex.

From then on, I began to pay attention to the characteristics of banyan trees. When a banyan tree is too different, it is expected to be another variety, just like people, too individual and always different. I also know several kinds: Ficus microcarpa, Ficus altissima and ginseng fruit. Ginseng banyan is the best choice for bonsai, and its root fertilizer is like ginseng and radish. I always thought it was genetically modified and I didn't like it.

The banyan tree is a big tree with an overwhelming breath. Next to the tree, you can support the shed. This is a small teahouse in the country. There are several bamboo chairs, several small ones, tea cups and teapots, the sound of river water and cicadas under the tree. It was a long lost childhood. The banyan tree looks like a green mountain with a brown trunk, which reminds me of the winding mountain road. If there are holes and depressions in the tree, red and yellow mushrooms will grow, which are handfuls of umbrellas for going home to market.

The more banyan trees are cut, the longer they can grow. One uncut tree grows straight, and the other tree grows on the next branch after being cut, which is oblique from east to west and thick green. This is similar to my temper. I often see things that I focus on training that are cool without grinding people!

There is a big banyan tree in primary school and many banyan trees in middle school, so there are memories of banyan trees. The banyan tree in primary school has a crown that extends to the classroom. If you don't listen in class, just stare. There are sparrows chirping in the tree, but you still don't understand. There are only a few books to read in middle school. When we are not studying, let's read trees. The names of mountain people have been engraved on banyan trees. This has been reviewed. Banyan bears small red berries, such as miniature Fuji apples, which can also be eaten, sweet and sour. From the ecological chain, it should be the food of birds. There is a TV series "The Strategy of Seeds", which says that the reproduction of plants often depends on seeds to feed birds and animals, which makes sense. Primary schools often have many banyan fruits in their schoolbags, and people and birds compete for food. I have been doing this for a long time.

Pine and cypress trees have the style of generals, but banyan trees do not have this honor. Maybe banyan is a literati tree. In this respect, there are actually many similarities. First of all, the literati should not be too single, but must be supported by many things other than words, covering a large area; Secondly, Wen Guiqu seems to look at mountains rather than peace, or look at trees rather than straightness. Straight trees are pillars, so the article has no such purpose. So, thirdly, the article is comfortable, with the coolness under the green trees, photosynthesis and oxygen supply. If you make a report under the banyan tree, I'm afraid you won't suffer from brain hypoxia. There is an image of a tree as a scholar, or a tree is big. Why belittle yourself as a scholar? If there is something wrong, it is probably wrong to want to be a pillar.

The most beautiful thing about banyan lies in its roots, which are intertwined and ups and downs. There is no fundamental difference between a root and a tree. The most interesting one is the one with an air root, which often reminds me of my studies: it is natural to be deeply rooted and leafy. But sometimes, some things can't be learned at once. If you practice martial arts well, you will still lose to the master for many years. On the contrary, learning while doing is a lifelong thing. I like banyan trees. Where there is nutrition, I will stick to it one by one. Not only will it absorb nutrients, but it will also lose its edge, and the sideline will become the main business, which makes people wonder why flowers are so red. Isn't it also good? I heard that the birds of paradise and banyan trees in Xinhui, Guangdong Province could not find their original roots, and people were not pillars, but also created a paradise by themselves.