The history of famous mountains

Introduction to Mingshan County "The heart of the Yangtze River, the tea on the top of Mount Mengshan" has been passed down through the ages, and "the hometown of tea ancestors, the source of tea in the world" is famous at home and abroad. Mingshan County, the hometown of Wu Lizhen, the founder of artificial tea cultivation in China, is located on the southwest edge of the Sichuan Basin, between 29°58′-30°16′ north latitude and 103°2′-103°23′ east longitude. It covers an area of ??614 square kilometers, governs 20 towns, 192 administrative villages, and has a population of 270,000. Mengyang Town, where the county government is located, is 120 kilometers away from the provincial capital Chengdu and 17 kilometers away from Ya'an, one of the top ten charming cities in China and one of the top ten livable cities in Sichuan Province. The current county party secretary Cen Gang and county magistrate Xu Qibin. A famous mountain with a long history. In 553 AD (the second year of the Western Wei Dynasty's deposed Emperor Yuan Qin), Mengshan County was founded. Because the Mengding Mountain within the territory has been known as the three famous historical and cultural mountains in Sichuan along with Mount Emei and Mount Qingcheng since ancient times, in 593 (the 13th year of Emperor Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty), Mengshan County was renamed Mingshan County. It has been 1455 years since the county was established. After the founding of New China, Mingshan County was successively affiliated to Meishan District, Wenjiang District, Ya'an District, Ya'an Prefecture, and Ya'an City in Sichuan Province. A famous mountain with superior ecology. Mingshan County belongs to the mid-latitude inland subtropical monsoon humid climate zone, with abundant rainfall, mild climate, no severe cold in winter, no scorching heat in summer, and four distinct seasons. The average annual temperature is 15.4°C, the average annual rainfall is 1,500 mm, and the average annual sunshine is 953 hours. The annual average frost-free period is 294 days. The forest coverage rate is 49%, the air quality reaches the national first-class standard, and the water quality reaches the national second-class standard. It is known as the "green world", "natural oxygen bar" and "ecological paradise". A famous mountain with abundant products. The soil in the territory is fertile and of various types. It is rich in tea, grain and oil, sericulture, livestock and poultry, flowers and seedlings, bamboos, Chinese medicinal materials, edible fungi, kiwi fruit and other specialty agricultural products. It is a national demonstration county for the production of pollution-free agricultural products (tea) and a pollution-free agricultural product in Sichuan Province. Livestock product production base counties and animal disease-free demonstration areas. The county has 260,000 acres of tea leaves, with an average rural population of 1 acres of tea per capita. It produces more than 8,000 tons of high-quality green tea annually, and more than 300 million high-quality cloned tea seedlings are produced annually. Mengshan tea has obtained national geographical indication product protection. More than 600,000 pigs are slaughtered annually. Glauber's salt is a very large mineral deposit in southwest China, with reserves of 160 billion tons. It is of high grade, shallowly buried, and easy to mine. Proven natural gas reserves are more than 10 billion cubic meters, limestone reserves are more than 500 million tons, sandstone reserves are nearly 10 million cubic meters, and pentonite reserves are more than 200 million tons. A famous mountain with a gathering of cultures. The famous mountain straddles the throat of the Chengdu Plain leading to the "Three Prefectures" (Liangshan Prefecture, Aba Prefecture, and Garze Prefecture), Tibet, and Yunnan. It is at the intersection of the diverse cultures of the Han, Tibetan, Qiang, Naxi, Bai, and Mosuo ethnic groups. It has a rich heritage. The profound Mengshan tea culture, the humanistic culture that embraces all rivers, the unique folk culture of western Sichuan, the long-standing Buddhist culture, and the spiritual culture of the Red Army spread by the 25,000-mile Long March. Mengshan tea culture is known as a wonder of the world's tea culture. The Mengshan School's tea art "Twelve Grades of Tianfeng" and tea technique "Eighteen Movements of the Dragon" are known as the peerless "double gems" of Chinese tea art and tea techniques. Scholars of all ages The poets praised Mengshan Tea for its more than 2,000 poems, lyrics, songs and poems. Its profound cultural heritage is recognized by the world. Famous mountains with unique scenery. Mingshan Mountain is located in the transition zone from the Chengdu Plain to the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The terrain is higher in the west and lower in the east. The topography is dominated by table-shaped hills with an altitude of 650 to 850 meters and shallow hills and flat dams with an altitude of less than 650 meters. It accounts for 50% of the county's total area. 83.3, low mountains with an altitude above 850 meters and below 1500 meters, accounting for 16.7% of the total area. Within the territory, there is Mengding Mountain, the birthplace of tea culture, the birthplace of tea civilization and the holy mountain of tea culture, which is worshiped by tea people all over the world, Baizhang Lake with vast misty waves and soaring egrets, Shuanglong Gorge that resembles the landscape of Guilin, and green and green mountains. It has a national-level tourist tea garden of 10,000 acres, with more than 70 cultural landscapes such as Neolithic ruins, Dayu's flood control relics, Zen forest temples, Moyan carvings, Song Dynasty tea and horse temples, the World Tea History Museum, and the Red Army Baizhangguan Battle Memorial Hall. When you are in famous mountains, you can climb mountains and drink tea, listen to oars by the lake, listen to the springs in the woods, or explore ancient times and secluded places to find the beauty of nature. It is like entering a fairyland, which makes people linger and forget to leave. A famous mountain open to the outside world.

In 1986, Mingshan was listed as one of the first counties in Sichuan Province to open to the outside world. After the country implemented the Western Development Strategy, it was listed as a key county for the Western Development. In 2007, it was included in the Chengdu Economic Zone by the Sichuan Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government. Since the reform and opening up, famous mountain cadres and masses have historically and dialectically examined the county situation, constantly purified the inland awareness, "basin" awareness, and leisure awareness, strengthened the awareness of reform, development, openness, legality, integrity, and efficiency, and used them to The development concept of "making friends over tea, you have what I have" opens the door to the outside world. The 8th International Tea Culture Symposium and the First Mengding Mountain Tea Culture and Tourism Festival in 2004, the 3rd Sichuan Tourism Development Conference in 2005, the 2008 Annual Meeting of the National Tea House Professional Committee and the 5th Mengding Mountain Tea Culture and Tourism Festival, one year The successful holding of the Imperial Tea Sacrifice to Heaven and Ancestors and the Ten Thousand Mengding Spring Tea Festival have promoted the famous mountain to the whole country and the world. An ideal mountain for investment. The Chengdu-Ya'an Expressway and National Highway 318 run through the entire territory. County and township roads extend in all directions, with fast transportation and good resource and space matching conditions. Ya'an, the national hydropower base, has a favorable geographical location, sufficient power, low electricity prices, and good energy guarantee conditions for industrial production. ; Ya'an Industrial Park, one of the 38 provincial industrial parks in Sichuan Province, is built in Mingshan, with a planned area of ??10 square kilometers and complete infrastructure. It has Sichuan Province Advanced Unit for Talent Development, Sichuan Province Private Economic Demonstration Park, and Sichuan Province Ecological Science and Technology Industrial Park. , Sichuan Province's first batch of industrial circular economy pilot units, Sichuan Province Advanced Development Zone and many other awards. It was approved by the Provincial Party Committee and Provincial Government as an entrepreneurial base for small and medium-sized enterprises in Sichuan Province, and was identified as one of the two "Central and Western Regions" in Sichuan Province by the National Development Bank. It is one of the "provincial development zones with key financial support for infrastructure construction in regional development zones" and has good conditions for industrial undertaking. The famous mountains that we strive to cross. In the great historical process of my country's reform and opening up, famous mountains have progressed together with history. In 2007, the county's GDP increased by 13%; local general budget revenue increased by 33.4%; fixed asset investment in the whole society increased by 11%. A number of enterprises with investment scales of hundreds of millions of yuan, such as Zoomlion Technology, Hong Kong Aeon Silicon Industry, and Shanghai Jiujing Electronics, settled in Mingshan, the strategy of strengthening the industrial county is strongly promoted; the total retail sales of consumer goods increased by 12.7%; the per capita net income of farmers was 3,597 yuan; the urbanization level was 25. The county has 80 schools of various types at all levels, 1,794 full-time teachers, and 29,700 students. There are 25 health institutions and 597 health technicians. Telecommunications and mobile networks cover 100, and the number of urban and rural mobile phones is 46,000. There are more than 12,000 fixed-line users and more than 4,000 wireless local users. The famous mountain, the hometown of tea ancestors and the source of tea in the world, under the guidance of the spirit of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, is accelerating development, scientific development, good and fast development, making great strides forward, and forging ahead! Characteristic Culture Tea Culture Elegant tea culture is indispensable in traditional Chinese culture. Mengshan tea culture can be called a wonderful tea culture in the world. According to historical records, during the Ganlu period of the Western Han Dynasty (53-50 BC), Wu Lizhen, a native of the county, began to grow tea on Mengding Mountain. Mengding Mountain thus became the earliest place for artificial tea cultivation in my country with written records. "Modern Chinese Dictionary" specifically notes "〖Mengshan Tea〗Tea produced in Mengshan, Mingshan County, Sichuan" in the entry for the word "Meng". From medicines, drinks, tributes to commodities, Mengshan tea has been enduring for more than two thousand years due to its excellent quality. The use of tea began as medicine. "Shen Nong's Materia Medica": "Shen Nong tasted hundreds of herbs, encountered seventy-two poisons every day, and got tea (tea) to resolve them." "Yu Di Ji Sheng" records the story of a monk from Mengshan who had been ill for a long time and drank the thunder tea of ??Mengshan Xianjia to cure his chronic illness. According to research, tea as a drink first originated in Sichuan and Shu during the Qin and Han Dynasties, and then gradually spread to various places. Since the end of the Western Han Dynasty, it has become a high-end drink for monks, royal families and nobles. By the time of the Three Kingdoms, tea drinking in the palace became more frequent. In the first year of Tianbao of the Tang Dynasty (742), Mengding famous tea was listed as a tribute because of its excellent quality and exquisite craftsmanship. In the fifth year of Emperor Wenzong's reign (840), Mengding famous tea was given as a national gift to Japanese friends. From the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, Mengding famous tea was paid tribute every year without interruption for more than 1,200 years. After Mengding famous tea became a commodity, the price became expensive during the Tianbao period of Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Xuanzong, Yang Ye wrote in "Records of Shanfu's Hands" that "one pound of Xianchunmeng tea cannot be exchanged for a bundle of silk".

In the Song Dynasty, due to the military deployment for many years, the horses needed were often exchanged for tea. As a resounding brand, Mengshan tea has become Yima's special tea that "cannot be used for other purposes and shall be designated as Yongfa". Located 3 kilometers west of Baizhang Lake and next to National Highway 318, the "Tea Horse Company" was built in the seventh year of Xining, Shenzong of the Song Dynasty (1072). It is the only well-preserved official site in the country that specializes in tea and horse trade matters. Mengshan tea is not only delicious and famous, but also has written a glorious chapter for national stability and national unity, so it has been highly praised by literati of all ages. "The water in the Yangtze River, the tea on the top of the Mengshan Mountain" has been sung through the ages; Bai Juyi's analogy of "The only thing I know and hear in the piano is the green water, and the old things in the tea are the Mengshan Mountains"; Lu Zhigong said sincerely that "it should be the best tea in the world"; Song Dynasty Wen Tong's tea tasting experience of "Tea from Shu is sacred, Mengshan's flavor is unique" gave Mengshan tea an unparalleled tea cultural heritage. In the spring of 1958 after the founding of New China, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held the "Chengdu Conference". After tasting Mengding famous tea, Chairman Mao Zedong said: "Mengshan tea must develop and meet the masses." In the past, tea was used by the royal family, but now it is available in the homes of ordinary people. Buddhist culture Mengding Mountain has been as famous as Mount Emei and Mount Qingcheng in central Sichuan since ancient times. The reason is that Mount Mengding has produced numerous eminent monks in the past dynasties and is famous for its Zen forest. In the history of Mingshan, there were 72 temples and courtyards, half of which were in Mengding Mountain. The Buddhist culture and history are profound. During the Three Kingdoms period, Master Kongding, a monk from India, came to China along the South Silk Road and built grass in Mengshan Mountain. It was called "Brahma's grass" at that time. Due to the large number of people who visited the Tao and sought Dharma, Buddhism flourished and it became a Buddhist temple, named "Great Brahma Yin". hospital". Time has changed, and the years have gone through vicissitudes. Mengshan Buddhist Temple has evolved from "Dafanyin Temple" to "Longquan Temple", "Menglong Temple", and then to "Yongxing Temple". Although it has experienced several ups and downs, Mengshan Buddhism has been passed down from generation to generation. Xi, widely practiced Zen sect style, committed to promoting Guangda Mengshan Buddhist culture. In the Tang Dynasty, Mengshan tea was delivered to the royal family as tribute. Mengshan monks studied tea art and "developed both Zen and tea", which was the first of Mengshan Zen tea culture. During the Northern Song Dynasty, Master Ganlu (or Master Fudo), a monk from the Western Regions, was the abbot of Mengshan. He collected a large number of sutras and tantric yoga texts, and compiled the "Menshan Food Rituals" and "The Great Confession" as the basis for Buddhist evening classes. The rituals must be recited and passed down to this day. According to the "Rituals", the religious ceremony of holding religious ceremonies, giving food to all living beings, and relieving the suffering of hunger and thirst is called Fang Mengshan. It is also known as releasing flames, performing Buddhist services, and giving offerings. With the widespread circulation of "Mengshan Food-giving Rituals" and "The Great Confession", Mengshan Buddhist culture has spread far and wide at home and abroad, becoming famous in thousands of worlds, including Europe, America, Japan, Southeast Asia, Hong Kong and Taiwan, and there are many believers in the religion. Nowadays, the Mengshan Hongyu Ancient Temple is very popular, and the Zen sect style of Yongxing Temple, Qianfo Temple, Tiangai Temple and other temples still exists, and many believers and overseas lay people come to visit it every year. Sacrifice culture "Shangshu Yu Gong" records: "Cai Meng traveled to Pingping and made peace with the barbarians." Zhu Xi, a scholar of the Song Dynasty, commented: "Cai Meng" is the name of the second mountain. Mengshan was located in Qingyi County, Shu County, now Mingshan County, Yazhou. Those who are traveling in peace will perform sacrifices while traveling after completing their merits. It means that Xia Yu pacified the floods in Caishan and Mengshan, climbed Mengshan to worship heaven, and celebrated the success of flood control with local ethnic minorities. This left behind a profound sacrificial culture. The customs of worshiping Confucius, worshiping Guanyue, worshiping Sheji Altar, and worshiping Xiannong Altar were popular in Mingshan in the old days. The later "Imperial Tea Sacrifice to Heaven and Ancestors" was the evolution and extension of Xia Yu's sacrifice to heaven. Therefore, historical records record: "The name of Mengshan Mountain originated from Yugong", and Mengshan Mountain is also called "Yugong Mengshan Mountain" and "Holy Mountain". Today, on Mengding Mountain there are still the ancient ladder to heaven where Xia Yu ascended Mengshan Mountain to offer sacrifices to heaven, the Palace of Yu and the statue of Dayu. Red Army Culture On November 13, 1935, the Fourth Red Army entered Mingshan. From the 16th to the 21st, the Red Fourth Front Army, commanded by Xu Qianqian, Wang Shusheng, Wang Weizhou, Li Xiannian and other older generation revolutionaries, with 6 divisions, 17 regiments and more than 20,000 troops, fought against the Kuomintang Liu Xiang in the Baizhang Pass area. The troops launched a fierce battle and wiped out more than 15,000 enemies. Later, due to the disparity in strength between the enemy and ourselves, a section of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army stationed in the Mengding Mountain and Lianhua Mountain areas, dug trenches, built fortifications, and defended the danger. During the fighting in Mingshan, the Red Army wrote and carved a large number of propaganda slogans to sow the fire of the revolutionary struggle against exploitation, oppression, Chiang Kai-shek and Japan; organized and mobilized the masses to fight against local tyrants, distribute frivolous wealth, and establish Soviet power; actively mobilized young men and women to join the Red Army, 57 famous Red Army soldiers died in the subsequent Long March battles.

The stone slogans and trench relics left behind by the Red Army during its garrison still exist today. The Red Army relics and inscriptions of the older generation of revolutionaries displayed in the Red Army Memorial Hall reproduce the glorious past. Mengshan Red Army culture is a good subject for future generations to pay tribute to the revolutionary martyrs and carry out revolutionary traditional education. The spirit of the Red Army has become a glorious page of Mingshan’s spiritual culture.

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