Information about Zhu Ziqing

Zhu Ziqing, formerly known as Zihua, with the courtesy name Peixian and the nickname Qiushi, was born on the ninth day of October in the twenty-fourth year of Guangxu (November 22, 1898) and died on August 12, 1948. Originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang. Because three generations have settled in Yangzhou, and he graduated from Jiangsu No. 8 Middle School in Yangzhou at that time, and worked as a teacher in Yangzhou, he calls himself a "Yangzhou native". He is a famous modern writer and scholar. Zhu Ziqing's grandfather, Zhu Zeyu, was named Jupo and his original surname was Yu. He changed his surname because he inherited the Zhu family name. He was a cautious person and served as a judge in Donghai County, Jiangsu Province for more than 10 years during the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty. His father's name is Hongjun, also known as Xiaopo. He is married to Zhou and is a scholar. In the twenty-seventh year of Guangxu (1901), Zhu Hongjun went from Donghai to Shaobo Town, Yangzhou Prefecture, and took office. Two years later, the family moved to Yangzhou City and settled in Yangzhou ever since.

[Edit this paragraph] Overview of Works

Overview of Works

Zhu Ziqing's prose is mainly narrative and lyrical essays. The themes of his works can be divided into three series: the first is a group of essays whose main content is to write about social life and criticize the dark reality. Representative works include "The Price of Life-Seven Cents" and "Caucasians-The Proud Son of God" and "The Regulatory Massacre." The second is a group of prose represented by "Back View", "Children", "Mourning the Dead Wife" and "Spring", which mainly describe personal and family life, express the human relations between father and son, husband and wife, and friends, and have a strong human touch. Third, a group of lyrical sketches based on natural scenery, such as "Green", "Qinhuai River in the Sound of Oars and Lights", and "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond", are his representative masterpieces, accompanying the joys, sorrows and joys of generations after generations. The latter two types of prose are the most outstanding ones written by Zhu Ziqing, among which "Back View" and "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond" are even more popular. His prose is simple and meticulous, clear, meaningful and melancholy. It is refined with language and is famous for its clear and beautiful writing style, which is full of true feelings.

The sincerity of Zhu Ziqing’s prose is well-known. His "Back View", "For the Dead Wife", etc. are known as "the first-class love literature in the world". In the light pen and ink, there is a deep feeling, without any pretense, but with the power to move people's hearts. In his articles such as "On Realism and Picturesqueness", "On Slogans", and "Preface to Zhong Ming's Painstaking Record", he emphasized that "truth" and "is nature" and "rhetoric establishes its sincerity", Emphasizing that "both publicity and writing are indispensable...a sincere attitude." It is this "sincere attitude" that makes him pour his true feelings into every word. And this kind of joy, anger, sorrow, and joy revealed from the depths of the soul is more likely to arouse readers' screams. Zhu Ziqing embarked on the road of literature and was initially famous for his poetry. He published the long poem "Destruction" and some short poems, which were included in "Snow Dynasty" and "Traces". Since the mid-1920s, he has devoted himself to prose creation. He has written the collections of essays "Back", "Miscellaneous Notes on European Travel", "You and Me", "Miscellaneous Notes on London" and essay collections "Standards and Measures" and "On Elegance and Popularity". *Rewards" etc. His prose includes landscape essays, travel notes, lyrical essays and essays. First, there are meticulous and fluent poems describing the scenery such as "The Qinhuai River in the Shadow of Oars and Lamps" and "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond", which show the achievements of vernacular literature; followed by the most affectionate poems such as "Back View", "Children", and "To the Dead Wife" The work established a model of "conversational style" prose that is rich in quality and natural and friendly; finally, he achieved the unity of poet, scholar and fighter with his essays of subtle talk and full of rationality. He made contributions to the construction of modern prose in a simple, lyrical and authentic style.

As a scholar, he has made achievements in research on poetry theory, classical literature, new literature history and Chinese education. His treatises include "Miscellaneous Discussions on New Poetry", "Poetry Commentary", "Classics", "Teaching Chinese Language" (co-authored with Ye Shengtao) and the lecture notes "Outline of Research on Chinese New Literature", etc. His writings are included in "The Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing" (Jiangsu Education Press).

[Edit this paragraph] Collection of Works

"Snow Morning" (Collection of Poems) was published in 1922 by Business

"Back View" (Collection of Prose) was published in 1928 by Kaiming

"Traces" (a collection of poems and prose) was published in Yadong Library in 1929

"Miscellaneous Notes on European Travel" (a collection of prose) was published in Kaiming in 1934

"You and Me" (collection of essays), published in 1936, Business

"Miscellaneous Notes on London" (collection of essays), published in 1943, Enlightenment

"Chinese Teaching" (collection of essays), 1945 Published, Kaiming

"Classic Chang Tan" (collection of essays) was published in 1946, Wenguang

"Poems and Comments on Zhibian" (Poetry Theory) was published in 1947, Kaiming

"New Poetry Miscellanies" (Poetry Theory) published in 1947, Writer's Bookstore

"Standards and Measures" (Essay Collection) published in 1948, Wenguang

"Chinese Literature" "Shi Ling" (collection of essays) published in 1948, Mingshan Bookstore

"On the Appreciation of Refined and Popular Essays" (collection of essays) published in 1948, Observation Society

"Collected Works of Zhu Ziqing" (1 - 4 volumes) published in 1953, Kaiming

"Collected Essays on Zhu Ziqing's Classical Literature" (volumes 1 and 2) published in 1981, Ancient Books

"Collected Reviews of Zhu Ziqing's Prefaces and Postscripts" (Collected Essays) 1983 Published in 1986, Sanlian

"Selected Prose of Zhu Ziqing" was published in 1986, Baihua

"Complete Works of Zhu Ziqing" (Volume 1-3) was published in 1988, Jiangsu Education (not published)

Zhu Ziqing's Prose Collection:

1 "Hurry"

2 "Singing"

3 "The Qinhuai River in the Sound of Oars and Shadows of Lanterns"

4 "Traces of Wenzhou"

5 "Back View"

6 "Civilization of Ships"

7 "Moonlight over the Lotus Pond"

8 "The Woman I Love"

9 "lt; Plum Blossoms > Postscript"

10 "Caucasians - God's Proud Son"

11 "Embrace Wei and Hold the Qingjun"

12 "Ahe"

13 "Children"

14 "Mourning the Three Lords Weijie"

15 "Travel Notes"

16 "Wandering"

17 "Dream Talk"

18 "Bai Cai"

19 "Letter"

20 "Preface"

21 "Spring"

22 "Green"

"Hurry" by Zhu Ziqing (selected into the People's Publishing House's "Experimental People's Education Edition" sixth-grade textbook)

"Spring" Zhu Ziqing (selected into the People's Education Press' first-grade Chinese textbook, Zhejiang Education Press' sixth-grade textbook (Chinese textbook below)

Looking forward to, looking forward to, the east wind is coming, and the footsteps of spring are approaching.

Everything looked like he had just woken up, and he opened his eyes happily. The mountains are moist, the water is rising, and the sun is blushing.

The grass secretly emerges from the earth, tender and green. In the garden and in the fields, you can see that there are large areas full of them. Sit down, lie down, roll a few times, kick a few balls, race a few times, play hide-and-seek a few times. The wind is gentle and the grass is soft.

Peach trees, apricot trees, pear trees, if you don’t let me, I won’t let you, they are all full of flowers. The red ones are like fire, the pink ones are like clouds, and the white ones are like snow. The flowers are sweet; when you close your eyes, the trees seem to be full of peaches, apricots, and pears. Thousands of bees were buzzing under the flowers, and butterflies of all sizes were flying around. Wild flowers are everywhere: various kinds, with names and without names, scattered in the grass like eyes and stars, and they are blinking.

"The willow wind does not blow cold on your face", not bad, it feels like a mother's hand caressing you. The wind carries the smell of newly turned earth, mixed with the smell of grass, and the smell of various flowers. The fragrance is brewing in the slightly moist air. The birds settled their nests among the flowers and leaves, became happy, and showed off their clear singing voices to their friends, singing melodious tunes that echoed with the breeze and flowing water. The piccolo played by the shepherd boy on the cow's back was also playing loudly all day long.

Rain is the most common, lasting for three or two days at a time. Don't be upset. Look, it looks like cow hair, like flower needles, like fine threads, densely woven diagonally, and there is a thin layer of smoke covering the roof of the house. The leaves are so green that it shines brightly, and the grass is so green that it irritates your eyes. In the evening, the lights were turned on, and a little yellow light created a quiet and peaceful night. In the countryside, on small roads and beside stone bridges, there are people walking slowly holding umbrellas, and there are farmers working in the fields, wearing straw hats and hats. Their houses are sparse and silent in the rain.

There are gradually more kites in the sky and more children on the ground. In the city and countryside, every household, old and young, came out one by one, as if they were rushing to go. Rejuvenate your muscles and bones, rouse yourself, and do your respective things. "The plan for a year lies in spring." At the beginning, there is a lot of time and a lot of hope.

Spring is like a baby that just landed, it is new from head to toe and it is growing.

Spring is like a little girl, full of flowers and walking with a smile.

Spring is like a strong young man with iron-like arms, waist and feet, leading us forward.

Back view

Zhu Ziqing

My father and I have not seen each other for more than two years, and the last thing I can’t forget is his back view.

That winter, my grandmother died and my father’s errand was handed over. It was a day when misfortunes never come singly. I went from Beijing to Xuzhou and planned to go home with my father for the funeral. When I went to Xuzhou to see my father, I saw the mess in the courtyard and thought of my grandmother again, and I couldn't help but shed tears. My father said, "It's what happened, so there's no need to be sad. Fortunately, there's always a way out!"

He went home and sold off the mortgage, and his father repaid the shortfall; he also borrowed money to pay for the funeral. These days, the family situation is very bleak, half because of the funeral and half because of the father's unemployment. After the funeral, my father was going to Nanjing to find a job, and I was going back to Beijing to study, so we went together.

When I arrived in Nanjing, a friend asked me to go sightseeing and stayed for a day. On the second day in the morning, I had to cross the river to Pukou and get on the train in the afternoon to go north. Because my father was busy with work, he had decided not to see me off and asked a familiar waiter from the hotel to accompany me. He repeatedly asked the waiter to be very careful. But he finally felt uneasy, fearing that the waiter might be inappropriate; he hesitated for a while. In fact, I was already twenty years old at that time and had already been to Beijing two or three times, so it wasn't that important anymore. He hesitated for a while and finally decided to send me there himself. I repeatedly tried to persuade him not to go, but he just said, "It doesn't matter, it's not good for them to go!"

We crossed the river and entered the station. I bought the ticket and he was busy taking care of the luggage. There was too much luggage, so I had to tip the porter to get through. He was busy negotiating the price with them again. I was really too smart at that time, and I always felt that what he said was not very nice and I had to interrupt myself. But he finally agreed on the price and sent me to the car. He picked out a chair for me by the car door; I spread the purple fur coat he made for me on the seat. He told me to be careful on the road and to be alert at night so as not to catch cold. I also asked the waiter to take good care of me. I secretly laughed at his pedanticness; they only recognized money, and trusting them was just free money! And for someone as old as me, can’t I still take care of myself? Well, now that I think about it, I was so smart back then!

I said, "Dad, let's go." He looked outside the car and said, "I'm going to buy some oranges. Just stay here and don't move around." I looked at the platform over there. There are several sellers waiting for customers outside the fence. When you get to the platform over there, you have to cross the railway, jump down and climb up again. My father is a fat man, so it would be more troublesome to walk there. I was going to go, but he refused, so I had to let him go. I saw him wearing a black cloth cap, a large black cloth mandarin jacket, and a dark blue cloth cotton robe. He staggered to the side of the railway and slowly leaned down. It was not a disaster.

But it was not easy for him to cross the railway and climb to the platform over there. He clung to it with both hands and retracted his feet upwards; his fat body leaned slightly to the left, showing an effort. At this time I saw his back, and my tears flowed down quickly. I quickly wiped away my tears. Afraid that he would see it, and also afraid that others would see it. When I looked outside again, he had already hugged the scarlet orange and walked back. When crossing the railway, he first scattered the oranges on the ground, climbed down slowly, then picked up the oranges and walked away. When I got here, I quickly went to help him. He walked with me to the car and put oranges on my fur coat. So he puffed away the dirt on his clothes, feeling very relaxed. After a while he said, "I'm leaving. I'll write you a letter over there!" I watched him go out. He walked a few steps, turned around, saw me, and said, "Go in, there's no one inside." When his back blended in with the people coming and going, and he couldn't be found anymore, I came in and sat down, and my tears came again. .

In recent years, my father and I have been traveling here and there, and the situation at home has deteriorated day by day. He went out to make a living as a young man, supported himself by himself, and did many great things. Who knew Laojing was so decadent! He was so sad that he couldn't help himself. When he is depressed in his heart, he will naturally express it outwardly; trivial matters in his family will often make him angry. He gradually treated me differently than before. But after not seeing each other for the past two years, he finally forgot about my faults and only thought about me and my son. After I came to the north, he wrote a letter to me. He said in the letter: "I am in good health, but my arm hurts badly, and I have a lot of inconvenience in lifting chopsticks and pens. I think my death is not far away." I read this , in the glistening tears, I saw the fat back again, wearing a green cloth cotton robe and a black cloth mandarin jacket. well! I don’t know when I will see him again!

Moonlight over the Lotus Pond/Zhu Ziqing

I have been feeling quite uneasy these days. Tonight, I was sitting in the yard enjoying the shade, and suddenly I thought of the lotus pond I walked by every day. In the light of the full moon, it must look a little different. The moon gradually rose, and the laughter of the children on the road outside the wall could no longer be heard; the wife was patting Run'er in the house and humming a lullaby in a daze. I quietly put on my coat, closed the door and went out.

Along the lotus pond, there is a winding small cinder road. This is a secluded road; few people walk it during the day, and it is even more lonely at night. Lotus

There are many lush trees growing on all sides of the pond. On one side of the road are some willows and some trees whose names I don’t know. On a moonless night

this road is eerie and a little scary. Tonight is very good, although the moonlight is still faint.

I was alone on the road, walking with my hands behind my back. This world seems to be mine; I feel like I have transcended my ordinary self and entered another world. I love being lively and calm; I love being in groups and being alone. Like tonight, alone under this vast moon

, I can think about anything and think about nothing, and I feel like a free person. The things you must do and the words you must say during the day can be ignored now. This is the beauty of being alone; let me just enjoy the boundless lotus fragrance and moonlight.

On the surface of the winding and twisting lotus pond, fields of leaves could be seen. The leaves are high out of the water, like the skirts of a graceful dancer.

Among the layers of leaves, there are scattered white flowers dotted, some are blooming gracefully, some are blooming shyly; just like pearls,

Like the stars in the blue sky, or like a beauty just out of the bath. The breeze passed by, bringing with it wisps of fragrance, like the faint singing from a tall building in the distance. At that time, the leaves and flowers also trembled slightly, like lightning, which immediately spread across the lotus pond. The leaves are densely packed side by side, creating a ripple of solid blue. Under the leaves are veins of running water, which are covered and no color can be seen; but the leaves are more beautiful.

The moonlight is like flowing water, quietly flowing on this leaf and flower. Thin green mist floats in the lotus pond. The leaves and flowers seemed

washed in milk; they were also like dreams wrapped in gauze.

Although it was a full moon, there was a thin layer of clouds in the sky, so it couldn't shine brightly; but I thought this was just the right thing - a sound sleep is essential, but a nap also has its own flavor. The moonlight shines through the trees

, and the bushes high up cast jagged and mottled black shadows, but they seem to be painted on the lotus leaves. The moonlight in the pond is not uniform

, but the light and shadow have a harmonious melody, like the famous music played on the Buddhist bell.

There are trees all around the lotus pond, far and near, high and low, among which willows are the most numerous. These trees surrounded a lotus pond; only

there were a few gaps beside the path, as if they were specially left for the moonlight. The color of the trees is gloomy, and at first glance they look like a cloud of smoke;

But the beauty of the willows can also be seen in the smoke. Faintly looming above the treetops are distant mountains, just a general outline.

There are also one or two street lights leaking through the cracks in the trees. The listless look is the eyes of sleepy people. The liveliest sounds at this time were the cicadas chirruping on the trees

and the frogs croaking in the water; but what was lively was theirs, and I couldn't hear anything.

Suddenly I remembered the lotus picking thing. Picking lotus is an old custom in the south of the Yangtze River. It seems to have existed very early. It was popular in the Six Dynasties, and we can roughly know it from poetry. Those who picked lotus were young women. They went in boats and sang erotic songs. Needless to say, there are many people picking lotus.

There are also people watching lotus picking. It was a lively season and also a romantic season. Emperor Yuan of the Liang Dynasty said it well in "Poem of Picking Lotus"

: So the fairy boy Yuannu said to her heart while rowing: [The beneficial bird] returns with its head slowly, and also passes the feather cup; It is about to move but Pingkai opens. Erqi

Her waist is slender and her clothes are tied up, and her steps are delayed; at the beginning of summer and after spring, when the leaves are tender and the flowers are beginning to bloom, she smiles for fear that her clothes will be stained, and she pulls back her clothes for fear of capsizing the boat.

It can be seen that the scene of play at that time was great. This is really interesting stuff, but it’s a pity that we are no longer lucky enough to enjoy it. Then I remembered the sentences in "Xizhou Song":

In the autumn of picking lotus in Nantang, the lotus flowers are more than human heads; when I lower my head to get the lotus seeds, the lotus seeds are as clear as water.

If there are lotus pickers tonight, the lotus flowers here will be considered "outstanding"; just some shadows of running water will not do. This

made me miss Jiangnan after all. ——Thinking like this, I suddenly raised my head and found that I was already in front of my own door. I gently opened the door and went in.

There was no sound. My wife had been asleep for a long time.

Children/Zhu Ziqing

I am now the father of five children. Thinking of the metaphor of "a snail carrying its shell" that Sheng Tao likes to use, I feel uncomfortable. Recently, a relative laughed at me and said, "I have to peel off the skin!" which was even more horrifying. When I first got married ten years ago, I saw an article in Mr. Hu Shizhi's "Notes from the Canghui Room" that said that many great figures in the world did not get married. The article also quoted Bacon's words, "Those who have wives, others are not married." It's fate." I was really surprised at that time, as if I had woken up from a dream; but my family already knew that I had a daughter-in-law, so what could I say? Now I am a daughter-in-law with five children. With such a heavy burden on my two shoulders, I really don’t know how to walk. There is no need to mention "destiny"; from the children's side, how they should grow up is something they can worry about. I am a completely selfish person. I am barely able to be a husband, and even less capable of being a father. Naturally, I also know a little bit about the philosophy or ethics of "worship of descendants" and "child-centeredness"; as a father, I know that it is not okay to close my eyes and erase the rights of my children. Unfortunately, this is just a theory. In fact, I am still dealing with it brutally according to the ancient tradition, just like an ordinary father. Now that I am almost middle-aged, I have gradually begun to realize how cruel I am; thinking about the corporal punishment and scolding my children have received, and still being unable to justify it - it makes my heart feel sour, just like caressing old scars. Once, when I read the translation of Arishima Takero's "With the Young Ones", I shed tears because of the great and sincere attitude.

Later, the number of children increased, and the hardships lasted for a long time. The sharp edge of youth gradually became blunted. As I grew older and gained rational discretion, I was able to endure it. I felt that I was really an "unachievable person" in the past. Father,” as I wrote to another friend. But my children were indeed more restless than others when they were young, and I still feel this way. I think this is probably due to our improper upbringing. In the past, it was shamefully cruel to just blame our children and let them take responsibility for us!

"Happiness" in a positive sense is actually not without it. As someone said, small ones are always cute. Children’s small appearance and small-mindedness are indeed a bit hard to let go of. Amao is now five months old. If you use your fingers to fiddle with her chin or make funny faces to her, she will open her toothless mouth and giggle like a blooming flower. She didn't want to stay in the house; if she stayed for a long time, she would yell loudly. My wife often says, "The girl has to go out for a walk again." She said that like a bird, she always gets to go out for some time every day. Run'er just turned three last month. She is very stupid and has not yet learned how to speak well. He could only speak three or four-character phrases or sentences, with grammatical errors and unclear pronunciation, and he had to work hard to say them: we always had to laugh at him. When he says the word "good", it always turns into the word "small"; when he asks him "is he good"? He then said "small" or "not small". We often tease him about saying this word; he seems to feel that he can occasionally say the word "好" correctly recently - especially when we deliberately say the word "小". He had a porcelain bowl, which he bought for a dime. When he bought it, the old woman taught him, "This is a dime." He then remembered the word "a dime" and called the bowl "a dime." "Mao" is sometimes called "Mao". New moms need to translate this to understand this. When he was embarrassed, or when he saw strangers, he would grin. We often called him "idiot" in the local dialect. He is a little fat man with short legs. He walks with a ridiculous stagger. If he walks or runs quickly, he will look even more "pretty". Sometimes he imitates me, folding his hands behind his back and swaying them; that makes him and us both happy. His eldest sister is A Cai, who is over seven years old and studying in primary school. At the dinner table, you must report something about your classmates or their parents in a provocative manner; you talk breathlessly, whether you like to hear it or not. After I finished speaking, she always asked me: "Does Dad know me?" "Does Dad know?" My wife often forbids her from talking during meals, so she always asks me. She had so many questions: When watching a movie, she asked if the people in the movie were human beings? Is it a real person? Why don't you speak? The same goes for taking pictures. I don’t know who told her that soldiers are meant to beat people. When she came back, she asked, are soldiers human? Why hit someone? Recently, I probably listened to what my husband said, and when I came back, I asked Zhang Zuolin who his soldiers were for. Are Chiang Kai-shek's soldiers helping us? Questions like this come up every day, and I often don’t know how to answer them. She and Run'er were playing together, one big and one small, not very suitable, always noisy and crying. But there are also times when it suits the situation: for example, if one person hides under this bed, the other one will get in and chase him; if this one gets out, the other one will follow - from one bed to another, I hear laughing, shouting, and panting, just like what my wife said. , like a puppy. These three children are the only ones in Beijing now; Ah Jiu and Zhuan'er asked their mother to take them back to Yangzhou temporarily when they came to the north last year.

Zhu Ziqing’s book and photo: /modules/m/?id=zhuziqing