As Party A, how to control costs during construction? Details?0?3

An enterprise is an economic entity whose purpose is to obtain profits. How to obtain the maximum profits with the minimum investment is the main theme in enterprise management. At present, many construction companies are engaged in in-depth project development and diversified development. For project development units, the control of project costs needs to be controlled from the decision-making stage, design, and construction stages of the construction period. This article only covers the construction period. The control of unit project cost of stage development is explained. 1. Formulate strict contract terms. With my country's accession to the WTO, the management of engineering projects will gradually be in line with international standards. Implementing strict contract management is the first choice for construction units. In international practice, owners often hire experienced consulting companies to prepare strict bidding documents and contract texts, and the restrictive clauses on contractors are almost all-encompassing. Various claims were made on the excuse of unclear model number. For example, in the later stages of the project, the construction unit will often request an increase in project costs on the grounds that the construction period is tight. If the contract predicts that the contract quotation fully considers the construction period and no longer adjusts the terms of the quotation no matter what rush measures are taken, it will be effective. To prevent the increase in costs; for example, in the interior wall equipment installation budget, the prices of different brands and models vary greatly. If the office is unclear, it is easy to "steal beams and replace columns" during the construction process, affecting the quality and life of the project, damaging the developer's credibility, and causing adverse consequences. To make good use of the "strict contract clauses", you need to have rich work experience and anticipate possible situations in advance. In this regard, you need to learn more about mature foreign experience and contract clauses. 2. Combine construction organization and construction technology to control project costs. As the budget contract personnel of the development unit, they should do "three mores", that is, "see more, ask more, and think more". "Look more" means looking more at the project's construction organization plan, construction process, and actual on-site conditions. For example, the full-section anchor shotcrete support of foundation pits that is common in construction is affected by uncertain factors such as the foundation conditions of surrounding buildings and the actual excavation conditions such as water control and geology. It is inevitable that anchor protection needs to be strengthened in some places and reduced in some places. Anchor bars, even within a certain distance from the bottom of the pit or in local areas adjacent to buildings, do not require anchor spraying. The construction unit will naturally provide compensation for the strengthened anchor protection, but for the reduction of anchor bars and the parts that do not require anchor spraying, the construction unit will need to pay compensation. Observe and supervise carefully in order to hammer on project quantities with solid evidence and good reasons. "Asking more" means not making hasty conclusions about marginal engineering problems that are not often encountered in the budget, or problems for which one has insufficient experience, but consulting with on-site engineers. Municipal projects are inevitable during project development. Due to the monopoly of the industry, most estimators rarely encounter this type of budget, so this type of question needs to be asked more often. For example, in the budget for outdoor firefighting pipes, we encountered the problem of the number of anti-skid clamps to be used. If calculated based on the standard reference value (0.338 pieces/m), a maximum of 676 pieces of 2000m pipes in the entire community would be needed. Anti-skid clamps are actually only used at diameter changes, height changes, and pipeline corners. There are 16 used in the entire community. The difference between the two items is 560. Calculated at 228 yuan each, only anti-skid clamps are avoided. The direct cost loss was as high as more than 100,000 yuan. "Think more", regardless of the fact that quotas are still the main basis for determining the cost in the current construction market, we should also objectively realize that quotas cannot cover the market. Due to the constant emergence of new processes and new materials, and the special circumstances of the project site, the sub- Project group price and project group price are still unavoidable tasks in current cost construction. For example, in external power supply projects, construction units are often accustomed to quoting underground manhole inspection wells in RMB per square meter and waterproof silica gel in RMB per square meter. How much earthwork, masonry, and concrete are actually required for each building? The quantity, whether the price can be combined to the quotation level of the construction unit, what the specific dosage and operation process of waterproof silicone are, and whether the price can be combined to the quotation per square meter, all require estimating and thinking by the estimating personnel.

3. Do a good job in market prices of materials and market processes, and establish a price-seeking system. The engineering material cost of the project generally accounts for about 60% of the total cost of the masonry project. Obviously, the material cost is the highlight of cost control. During the project development process, in order to control costs and ensure material quality, the construction unit will adopt Party A's designation or price limit method for certain materials. First of all, companies should pay systematic attention to the prices announced by institutions and keep in touch with social consulting agencies. Establish the company's own price information network, keep information channels open, timely and accurately grasp the price information of materials and semi-finished products in different regions and different specifications, ensure that staff can call and supervise anytime and anywhere, and achieve maximum sharing of resources . It needs to be emphasized that the price announced by the government is the average price of the market. Detailed price management cannot simply stop at this level. It is necessary to further utilize the long-term economic relations established with merchants and social open channels to find high-quality and low-price products. ; Secondly, to control the purchase unit price of materials, enterprises should also grasp the general trend and regularly draw time-price curves of main materials based on system prices. Analyze the cyclical changes of materials, combine the analysis of technical curves with the operating conditions of the market economy, and the client's inflation or deflation status to study and judge the short-term and mid-term trends of different regions and different materials, based on reference to price information , add factors of rational analysis, grasp the trend of materials, and apply its analysis results in development and production. 4 It is recommended to use the bill of quantities to determine the project cost. The bill of quantities refers to the calculation of the project costs to be built in accordance with the requirements and regulations of the bidding documents and construction drawings, based on the unified calculation rules of the quantities, and combined with the current budget quota sub-item requirements. All projects and contents are divided into sub-items according to the location, nature or components of the project, and the physical engineering quantities are calculated and listed as a component of the bidding documents. It is a method of engineering quantity pricing for bidders to fill in the unit price. At present, the commonly used form in the market is to list non-entity consumption expenses such as scaffolding usage fees, construction and template usage fees, as well as corporate management fees, profits and taxes in this part in the start-up fee. Generally, the startup fee is the total price and remains unchanged. The unit price in the bill of quantities only includes direct costs and taxes in physical consumption. This part of the price changes with the increase in the quantity of the project. Using the form of bill of quantities, for the construction unit, first of all, the unit price of the project can be easily compared with the market price competitively, squeezing out the moisture in the unit price and plugging loopholes; secondly, it can control the increase in project price caused by design changes and changes. The amount of projects cultivated can only cause changes in the direct costs and taxes in the physical consumption. The non-physical consumption expenses and corporate management fees, profits and taxes in this part remain at the original level. In short, the use of bill of quantities is an effective way for construction units that is both easy to operate and conducive to cost control. 5. Do a good job in counter-claims. In recent years, articles about claims can be seen everywhere, but there are not many articles about counter-claims. Many construction units focus on how to respond to claims from construction units, and often ignore the application of counter-claim clauses. The construction unit delayed the promised construction period due to improper measures; during cross-operations, one party hindered the normal work procedures of the other party due to the untimely on-site inventory, or damaged the finished project due to water splashing, etc.; used new products not specified by the owner Wait, the construction unit can make counterclaims. To do a good job in counter-claims, you need to have sufficient and strong evidence, and use the role of supervision to preserve original data such as on-site project pictures and the crowds at the site. 6 Conclusion The above discussed the cost control of project development in the construction stage from five aspects, which are complementary to each other and indispensable. They can be focused on but cannot be ignored. For the big topic of cost management, there is far more than these contents can cover. It also requires detailed analysis of specific issues to make it continuously perfect and mature. In short, the budget contract personnel of the development unit must have an overview of the overall situation, have a good idea of ??the direction of the building materials market, draw inferences from one instance and apply it flexibly, so as to smooth the way and inject strength into the cost control of development projects. Cost control in construction, as the builder, mainly involves controlling negotiations and design changes. Regarding design, I think it is the concept of "optimization".

7. Go through completion settlement procedures and follow formal procedures to eliminate or reduce artificial black-box operations. 8. The cost for handling construction quality defects within the warranty period must be paid, and the original construction team must identify it, so as to avoid the final dispute and the failure to pay the cost.