How to teach literacy in lower grades

First, student-oriented, to stimulate students' interest in literacy

Interest is people's psychological tendency to know things actively. There is a famous saying that interest is the best teacher. Classroom teaching is a process of mutual communication between teachers and students. Teachers and students learn to read with happy emotions, which is the key to improve the learning effect. Children in lower grades have weak willpower and can only maintain their attention for more than ten minutes. Therefore, it is extremely important for them to stimulate students' thirst for knowledge and improve their interest in learning in literacy teaching.

"Play" is the nature of junior students, but it is a good way to introduce "play" into the classroom and let students gradually transfer their interest in "play" to literacy learning. They like games. In literacy learning, it is very possible for teachers to use various games to create a pleasant learning atmosphere for students, so that literacy teaching can complete tasks efficiently. The literacy games we can use are:

Crossword puzzle: Grasping the characteristics of Chinese characters, the teacher asked students to memorize crossword puzzles. For example, what is the word "bite off the cow's tail"? Students are interested in solve riddles on the lanterns, and they succeed in writing after guessing.

Strive to be a postman: The monitor said, "Who will be a small postman?" After the students raise their hands, they will send the new word cards as letters to the middle and high school students. The students who receive the letters will put them into different "mailboxes" and practice font classification. Then, ask the students who learn to read in this class to be postmen and send the new word cards as letters to the underachievers. After sending the letter, please read it one by one in each study group to consolidate the new words.

Password: Put the new word cards with many strokes on the blackboard. The monitor came to the stage and asked, What is this word? Other students answered. Consolidate difficult words by asking and answering questions.

Eye-catching: Students in middle and lower grades are required to arrange words with the same font structure together to understand their mastery of font structure.

Find a good friend: (1) Listen to the pronunciation and put up a sign. The monitor came to the stage and asked, "Where is my friend? Ears of ears. " The student found the "ear" on the desktop card, held it up and answered, "My friend is here, the ear of the ear." (2) pairing. Combine "He" and "Fire" into "Autumn", "Sun" and "Moon" into "Ming", "Earth" and "Leaf" into "Earth" and so on.

One-word flowering method: draw a flower and write a single word in the middle of the flower, so that students can add radicals to form new words and write them on petals to improve their interest in literacy.

"Guess": Cover a part of the word. Students guess what the word is according to the exposed part. I know a lot of Chinese characters in the fun of guessing.

Breakthrough: Every new word in every class has to go through Sandao Pass, so you can preview and review at home, and your parents will check it out. Go back to school in the morning and pass the exam with the strength of the group.

Teachers should always change their literacy methods to stimulate students' interest in literacy and turn the classroom into a learning garden.

Second, student-oriented, teaching students to take the initiative to learn

"The intrinsic motivation of learning is more lasting and stronger than the extrinsic motivation, so the intrinsic motivation is more meaningful in Chinese teaching." Only by teaching students active learning methods and stimulating their learning desire can students really learn knowledge.

First-year students enter primary school from preschool, and transition from playing to learning knowledge, which is quite different. Teachers should not deprive students of the right to play games, but should guide students to seek knowledge in games step by step, combine knowledge with games, and combine knowledge with group learning competitions, so that they can fall in love with learning knowledge with unintentional attention. Then, we should pay attention to the teaching of learning methods, so that students can have the same learning goal in and out of class.

1. Pay attention to novelty and fun when memorizing words.

The first grade has a large literacy. How to master Chinese characters efficiently, we think the following methods are more practical.

One plus one: add radicals. Such as: mouth+bar = bar.

Minus one: Chinese characters subtract radicals. Such as: city-soil = success.

Change: Change the radicals of familiar words. Such as: sunny-sunny+ eyes = eyes.

Make up a story to help you remember new words. Washing: Students tell the story of washing clothes for the first time.

One point: students analyze and compare themselves and find out the rules. For example, when learning a lesson, let students use radicals to classify. The words next to it: ba, ba.

Discrimination: Look for words with similar shapes for comparison and identification. Such as: tree, tree, class.

A word is more than a word: think of more words from one word, distinguish the meaning of words, and remember the font. Such as: horse, mother, horse, curse

Move: Learn the words that represent actions, and let the students remember the words with actions. Such as jumping and running.

With more training, students will naturally master these literacy methods and laws, thus effectively mastering Chinese characters in fun and reducing the difficulty of literacy.

2, preview before class often check

In teaching, teachers should cultivate students' habit of speaking, doing and learning actively.

Before class, students use the above literacy methods to learn independently by consulting dictionaries and looking for parents. Easy words are solved in preview, which greatly reduces the pressure of reading in class.

Method is more important than knowledge. Practice has proved that students have mastered literacy methods and fall in love with Chinese invisibly. Our efforts should be spent on encouraging students to read as much as possible, so that students can actively participate in learning and effectively improve their listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities. However, teachers should always check and let students master commonly used Chinese characters firmly in timely feedback.

Third, group cooperation, play the role of one plus one is greater than two.

Group learning is the most important part of student-centered teaching. Through cooperative learning, every child can give full play to his potential and study happily.

1, grouping and collocation are reasonable.

Four-person cooperative learning group is more suitable, and the leader with strong ability is selected. Divide by the principle of combining strong ability with weak ability. In this way, groups help each other and the competition between groups is similar.

2. Literacy activities should be eclectic.

In literacy teaching, a group of four people can learn independently and teach each other, and use new word cards to solve unfamiliar words. A four-person team launched a literacy challenge. Play a literacy game in groups of four. There are various forms of literacy activities, and students are enthusiastic about literacy and enjoy the fun of literacy in group activities.

3. The advantages of group mutual assistance are complementary.

The speed of mastering new words in each group is fast or slow. For groups with slow literacy, teachers should give full play to the strength of the dominant groups, help them truly face all students, and improve the overall quality of Chinese learning.

4. Standardization of inter-group evaluation

In order to promote cooperation, efficiency and innovation in group learning, I often carry out literacy activities in classroom teaching and encourage them in time: clapping, telling stories, or coming to the stage, and then the group leader teaches literacy methods, so that all students can use literacy methods flexibly.

Fourth, pay attention to improving learning ability in and out of class.

It doesn't help to learn Chinese only through the limited forty minutes in class. Starting from the reality of children's life, we should carry out more Chinese practice activities, so that children can absorb all kinds of information in a broader environment and expand their literacy.

1, a life-oriented literacy method

When students master literacy methods and are willing to read, teachers should consciously let students read in life and consolidate the new words they have learned. When giving students new words, they can look for words from newspapers, advertisements, placards and article titles, which fully embodies the recognition of words in life and consolidates this idea in life. In order to stimulate students' interest in reading, we should carry out activities such as reciting ancient poems for one minute, reciting words for one minute and reading the text for one minute, which embodies the idea of literacy with the text.

2. Learn to read and accumulate Chinese characters.

After students have accumulated a certain amount of Chinese characters, they have a desire to read. We will replace the heavy homework with extracurricular reading. Use the "Reading Guide for Primary School Students" to limit the minimum number of reading words per day after class, so that students can read according to their own actual situation, and don't take reading as a burden. But they are required to solve unfamiliar words and accumulate more new words by spelling and looking them up in the dictionary.

Pupils love reading fairy tales, but they can't read them smoothly because they don't know some words. At this time, they have a strong interest in teaching them to read, thus greatly improving the efficiency of literacy. At the same time, in the process of reading, I reviewed and consolidated the new words I learned.

3. Encourage students to keep a diary.

The thinking of junior students is still in the period of thinking mainly in images. Using text illustrations, let the students say what is in the picture first, and then start writing. There is no requirement for the content and number of words they write, whether it is a sentence or a paragraph, it is an excellent homework. But they are required to read diaries in the group. This way of consolidating new words is more effective than forcing students to copy new words, and it also lays the foundation for me to write exercises myself in the future.

In short, there are many ways to read. When we discuss with children, we will be pleasantly surprised to find that children's potential is unlimited. Chinese teaching in senior one is the initial stage of learning. Student-oriented education has brought infinite vitality to Chinese teaching. Only by trusting students and creating more free time for them, I believe they will read automatically and improve their language ability quickly.