Why does campus bullying continue to happen? Finland uses a method to reduce school bullying by half

School bullying incidents happen from time to time, and the consequences are very bad: at least the bullied suffer physical and mental trauma, which requires a period of treatment; at worst, a young life withers away in an instant, causing endless trouble to the family. grief.

While people sympathize with the harmed children, they also deeply hate school bullies. At the same time, they are constantly asking: Why are such incidents of school bullying repeated? Why are school bullies so cruel even though they are children?

School bullying has always been widely valued and discussed by society.

As the public pays more and more attention to educational fairness and social ethics, more and more people have begun to study school bullying and try to find scientific solutions.

Finland, known as the country with the highest education level in the world, has used one method to reduce school bullying cases by 50%, which has attracted countries around the world to learn from it. It is the "KiVa Project". ?

What is the Kiva project?

This project was launched in 90 primary and secondary schools in Finland in 2007. The full name is "Kiusaamista Vastaan", which means "Kiva" in Finnish. Anti-bullying" means.

At the same time, it is also a pun. The pronunciation of Kiva is very close to the Finnish word "kindness", and its meaning is self-evident.

This campus anti-bullying program was developed by the University of Turku in Finland and funded by the Finnish Ministry of Education and Culture. It covers students in grades 1-9 (ages 7-15) and is mainly available online through the Internet. Learn how to implement this plan below.

Different from the usual starting point of hoping to completely solve school bullying, the Kiva Project emphasizes "preventing problems before they occur."

When the public focuses on the bullies and the bullied, sometimes the acquiescence of bystanders becomes a major accomplice of school bullying.

In research, the University of Turku found that bystanders are the group most susceptible to change in campus bullying incidents. As long as they report to the teacher in time or come forward, the bullying will be stopped immediately.

The Kiva project focuses on awakening the awareness of the role of bystanders, and jointly resists bullying by changing the attitudes of "bullying bystanders" and enhancing their sense of responsibility.

Because of the changes in these bystanders, they are likely to stop and report bullying incidents as soon as possible, so as to stop losses in time and control them in a timely manner.

Bystanders are no longer passive witnesses. Not only do they become aware that they may be the next potential victim of bullying, they also develop their empathy and become the protectors of those being bullied.

Johanna Alanen, head of the Kiva project, said, "They have to decide one thing, that is, to stand up and support the bullied, or to remain silent. Different choices will naturally have different results, but It may also lead to new situations. " Pay more attention to prevention in advance

The KiVa plan is mainly divided into two categories: general and targeted measures. The first is curriculum development for all students, mainly through anti-bullying courses and scenarios. The teaching game is completed; the second is an emergency mechanism for individual bullying incidents, aiming to terminate bullying through effective intervention.

The specific strategies are as follows:

Students aged 7, 10 and 13 take about 20 courses, allowing experts to define different types of bullying according to different ages

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Post relevant anti-bullying posters and slogans, and provide parents with relevant anti-bullying guidance manuals to help them construct bullying-related knowledge and provide help at appropriate times

Each class is required Relevant anti-bullying class rules must be formulated, and every student must sign a pledge

Use a virtual mailbox to anonymously report campus bullying incidents

Arrange a trusted teacher to listen to students' worries , and supervise students' behavior

Before the bullying incident is completely resolved, three experts will be assigned to ensure the safety of the bullied and communicate with the bullies

Guide students how to use physical Use language to understand the feelings of peers, enhance empathy, and learn to respect others

Through game tests, we can regularly understand students’ awareness of bullying and construct relevant courses

Integrate relevant anti-bullying propaganda concepts through in-class group discussions, drama performances and other activities? Emphasis is placed on negotiation between bullying parties

As mentioned above, one of the major advantages of the Kiva program is that it can be used on campus There is a clear and quick set of steps to take after bullying occurs.

If a conflict arises between students and one student accuses several classmates of bullying behavior through explicit incidents such as not allowing him to participate in group activities, then the student can request a meeting with the teacher, and asked onlookers to attend.

All participating teachers and students must fill out a form, briefly describe the incident, determine the time and place of the meeting for negotiation, and if necessary, senior students who have received training in this area will be invited to assist.

Usually meetings are scheduled after class in an unused classroom.

In the meeting, both the bully and the bullied will have the opportunity to speak at the beginning and let the teacher determine the facts; then the teacher will ask both parties to self-reflect on what they should do if a similar incident happens again.

By understanding the causes, process, impact of bullying and the mutual expectations of both parties, etc., encourage both parties to think about themselves and coordinate with each other to discuss; Finally, both parties promise to formulate relevant disposal strategies, and the teacher will record them. The meeting is over. Bullies do not need to apologize

Everyone may have this question, but the focus of this meeting is on "what went wrong" and "how to solve the problem". No one has to apologize unless they want to apologize.

Because any apology made under pressure from the school is insincere, and many people are just going through the motions.

What’s more, this meeting is not a “first-instance conclusion.” In addition to agreeing on the follow-up actions of both parties, the school will also continue to follow up to understand and monitor whether the bullying incident has been improved, usually at a specific date in the future ( Two weeks later) a second meeting will be held.

If the bully still shows no repentance, the school will take further tough measures and notify parents.

Since the Kiva program was fully implemented in Finland in 2007, school bullying cases have dropped by 50%, and its immediate results have attracted other countries to follow suit.

In 2015, the first phase of the KiVa project was implemented in Latin American countries such as Argentina, Colombia, Spain, Mexico and Chile. At that time, because the courses were only in English, they were only offered in bilingual schools at first.

Other countries such as the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Germany, Belgium, Italy, Luxembourg, Estonia, Sweden, New Zealand and Hungary have also begun to try to incorporate the KiVa anti-bullying program into teaching. Written at the end

In addition to Finland, other countries have also been looking for strategies to deal with school bullying.

For example, Norway’s Olweus Bullying Prevention Program is the world’s first school anti-bullying program.

Its characteristic lies in the formulation and implementation of relevant strategies from the four core dimensions of school, class, individual and community.

Specific strategies include: Holding community meetings to explain to parents the signs of bullied students;

A comprehensive questionnaire with 40 questions to detect whether students have experienced bullying and their attitudes towards it ;

Arrange certified trainers (with at least 1 year of professional study) to provide guidance to teachers, ensuring at least 1 hour of consulting services per month within 10 months;

Let students watch Videos to arouse empathy for victims of bullying, and regular class meetings to discuss how to prevent bullying;

Principals should monitor the safety of students in public areas such as canteens, toilets and playgrounds.

There is also the "Kia Kaha Anti-Bullying Program" (Kia Kaha Anti-Bullying Program), which also emphasizes the cooperation of society and school leaders to prevent and control bullying.

The reason why these anti-bullying programs are supported and vigorously implemented locally is that on the one hand, the entire country is aware of and awakened to bullying behavior, and on the other hand, it is backed by strong resources that can develop a A holistic bullying prevention and treatment program.

According to relevant research, a holistic plan can more effectively reduce the incidence of school bullying cases.

It is precisely because of the participation of the whole people that more seemingly "bystanders" can stand up to effectively curb evil deeds, and it will also create a sense of social responsibility of "don't do evil for small things" .

In addition, when bullying usually occurs in schools, all that is visible to the public is the conflict.

But what I see from these successful anti-bullying programs is that rather than emphasizing apologies, pragmatic solutions for both parties to bullying should be emphasized.

Attitude is of course important. Only by taking positive measures to solve difficulties and prevent similar incidents from happening can the matter "really be over" in the hearts of both parties.

It does not seem difficult to gradually eradicate the huge and thorny problem of "school bullying" with many seemingly "tiny" measures, but what is needed is that often in this society - you I work hard with him.