The famous tower in the tower

Located at the northern end of Tiananmen Square, the capital of People's Republic of China (PRC), the dividing point between Dongcheng and Xicheng faces Chang 'an Avenue.

Opposite Tiananmen Square, Monument to the People's Heroes, Chairman Mao Memorial Hall, Great Hall of the People and China National Museum. It is one of the most magnificent towers in ancient China. It attracts worldwide attention with its outstanding architectural art and special political status. President Mao Zedong solemnly declared here that "People's Republic of China (PRC) was founded". And personally raised the first five-star red flag. The pattern of Tiananmen Gate appears on the national emblem of China people. Become a symbol of China people and country.

Tiananmen Square is located on the traditional central axis of Beijing. It consists of two parts: tower and tower. It has a sumitomo of white marble, with a total height of 34.7 meters. There are sixty vermilion pillars on the rostrum, and the ground is paved with gold bricks, which is as flat as a rock; Tall and gorgeous wall platform, two-story double-eaved building, yellow glazed tiles, nine rooms in the east and west, five rooms in the north and south, symbolizing the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" of imperial power. There are rhombic gates on the north and south sides, and there are 36 vermilion rhombic gates; Traditional golden dragon paintings and auspicious patterns are carved on ceilings, arches and beams. The gilded brocade and dragon ceiling caisson of "Shuanglong Seal" make the whole hall solemn and magnificent. The temple consists of a 450kg octagonal palace lantern and 16 hexagonal palace lanterns, each weighing 350kg, with the pattern of stars holding the moon.

There are five gates under the city gate, and the largest gate in the middle is located on the central axis of Beijing Imperial City. In the past, only the emperor could go in and out of this gate. A huge portrait of Mao Zedong hangs above the middle doorway, with big slogans of "Long live the people and country of China" and "Long live the great unity of the people of the world" written on both sides.

The Jinshui River in front of Tiananmen Square is full of flowing water and seven exquisite white marble bridges, commonly known as Jinshui Bridge. The bridge deck is slightly arched, and the bridge is like a rainbow, forming a beautiful curve. In the imperial era, the most conspicuous bridge deck engraved with the dragon's stigma in the middle was called the "Imperial Bridge", and only the emperor was allowed to pass. There are two bridge decks carved with lotus stigmas on the left and right, which only the prince can cross. It is called "Wang Gong Bridge". Only ministers of civil and military affairs with three or more qualities can pass on both sides, which is called "grade bridge"; The farthest ordinary relief stone bridge is the bridge where officials and soldiers below Grade 4 leave, and it is called "Gong Sheng Bridge". On the east and west sides of the south of the bridge, white marble and yuhua tables stand on each side, and clouds circle the dragon plate, which is very imposing. 1986 "(Yuan Keli) Suiyang Yuan Family Tree": "Since Guimaolin fell, the city collapsed." Pingyao ancient city is a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2700 years. Pingyao City Wall was built in an unknown era. In the third year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1370), the original "18 steps in nine miles" was changed to "12 miles, 8 minutes and 4 centimeters" (6.4 kilometers), and the rammed earth wall was changed to a masonry wall. According to the legendary saying that "the mountains and rivers rise in the morning, the water plays in front of the turtle, and the city is built on this basis, so as to win", the meaning of "auspicious longevity" of the turtle is taken to build the "turtle city". There were 26 renovations in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The plane of the city wall is square, with a circumference of 6162.7m and a height of10m. The mound is 2 meters high and 3-5 meters wide at the top. The wall is rammed with plain soil, and there are 77 drainage grooves built by bricks outside and inside. On the outside of the top of the wall, there are 2-meter-high crib walls (also called horse-blocking walls), with 3000 cribs, 72 watchtowers and protective walls. There are four turrets, with desks on the east wall and Kuixing Tower and Wenchang Pavilion on the top of the southeast corner city. For military defense, there are six double-door urn cities in Pingyao city wall, one in the north and one in the south, two in the east and two in the west. In the south, it is called Yingxun; In the north, it is called Gong Ji; In the east, it is called Taihe; At the lower level, it is called Qin and Han Dynasties; At the upper level, it is called Yongding; At the lower level, it is called Feng Yi. Every barbier has a double-eaved tower on the top of the mountain. Six double-door urns have suspension bridges outside. There is a moat 3 meters wide around the city wall. There are Taishan Mountain and Liugen River in the south of the city, and "the mountains and rivers are facing the sun, and the turtles are playing in the water".

Tower; It was built at the top of the city gate and was sometimes called "pagoda" in ancient times. There are six towers in Pingyao City Wall, which were built in the Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in the forty-second year of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1703). Tower height 16. 14m, five rooms width 13.72m, four rooms depth10.04m. Simple and generous shape, dignified and steady structure. The tower is an exquisite and beautiful high-rise building, with the city wall as the top. It is an important high-altitude defense facility in the utopia. Chaoyang Building, formerly known as Yinghuimen, also known as Dongmen Building, is located at the eastern end of Lin 'an Road in the southeast of Jianshui County, Honghe Prefecture, Yunnan Province. Built in the 22nd year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1389), it was the east gate building of Shuicheng at that time. The architectural style of Chaoyang Building is similar to Tiananmen Square in Beijing, and it is called "Little Tiananmen Square".

The building has three floors, which are connected by 48 folded thick wooden columns and many thick beams to form a solid frame, and then masonry walls and gates are built. The building is 24.5m high, with a depth of 12.3 1m, a width of 26.8m and an area of 4 14m2. It has five bays, three bays, a circular corridor, and a roof with three eaves built on the mountain. Under the roof of the top floor, the words "southeast of Xiongzhen" are hung, which means Qingdong. In the west, the calligraphy calligrapher Zhang Xu's list of "Flying Clouds" was copied. In 2006, it was approved by the State Council, China to be included in the sixth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. Shanhaiguan, also known as Guan Yu, is named after the ancient fish and water river. It is located at the easternmost tip of Hebei Province and Liaoning Province, between Shanhaiguan District of Qinhuangdao City, Yanshan Mountain Range and Bohai Sea. Before 1990, it was considered as the starting point of the eastern end of the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty, and was known as the "first pass in the world". It echoes Jiayuguan, the "best pass in the world" thousands of miles away, and is famous all over the world. 196 1 year, the Great Wall of Wan Li-Shanhaiguan was announced by the people of China and the State Council as one of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Guancheng plane is square, with a circumference of about 4 kilometers. The wall is14m high and 7m thick. The inside is filled with rammed earth and the outside is wrapped with blue bricks. The east wall is connected with the Great Wall in the north and south, and there are buildings such as Kuiguang Pavilion, Muying Building, Weiyuan Hall and Lulin Building on the wall. Dig a moat with a depth of 8m and a width of 17m outside the east, south and north walls, and erect a suspension bridge. There is a bell and drum tower in the city center.

The gate of Shanhaiguan is open on all sides, and the east, west, south and north are called "Town East Gate", "Yingen Gate", "Wangyang Gate" and "Weiyuan Gate" respectively. The four gates were originally built with tall towers, and now only the East Gate Tower is left. The most important thing is that the east gate faces the customs. From outside to inside, there are four protected areas: Acropolis, Luocheng, Wengcheng and Chengmen. The gate is a huge brick arch in the middle of a rectangular platform. The tower height12m, and the tower height13m, width 20m and depth 1 1 m above it. There are doors on the west side of the upper floor of the tower, and there are 68 arrow windows on the other three sides, which are usually covered with window plates. There is also a huge plaque hanging high under the eaves in the east, with the words "the first pass in the world" inscribed for Xiao Xian, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty. Each word is 1.6 meters high, and the font is vigorous and powerful, which is the symbol of Shanhaiguan City. Deshengmen (Manchu: Erd Muite Heduka) is an ancient city gate, located in the north of Beijing, and now only the Arrow Tower is left. The original tower is 31.5m wide, 6.8m deep and 36m high. Wengcheng is 70 meters wide and 1 18 meters deep, second only to Zhengyangmen in the inner city gate. On the west side of Wengcheng, there are gatehouses and ticket gates. Deshengmen Zhenwu Temple is located in the north-central part of Wengcheng, facing south.

At the beginning of Ming Dynasty, Jiandemen in Yuan Dynasty was renamed Deshengmen, which meant that the Ming army won by virtue. When Hongwu rebuilt the wall of Beijing in four years, he moved south and built Dongli. At that time, there were watchtowers, gatehouses, urn towers and other buildings. 19 15 Wengcheng demolition. 192 1 dismantle the tower. 1955 urban platform demolition. Due to the long depth from north to south, the archway is located more than 50 meters north of Andingmen archway, which did not block the subway construction, so it was not demolished. 1979 planned to demolish the watchtower, but it remained.

Desheng means winning by virtue, so the army sent troops from Deshengmen in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which means that this trip is bound to win. After the war, Andingmen moved troops. The Qing army sent troops from this gate to quell the Geerdan rebellion, large, small and extraordinary chaos.

1979, deshengmen archway was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Beijing. 1993, Beijing Ancient Coin Exhibition Hall was established in Arrow Tower. Zhengyangmen, commonly known as Qianmen, formerly known as Lizhengmen, has a history of more than 500 years. It is the gate to the south of the inner city of Beijing. It is located at the southern end of Tiananmen Square and the northern end of Qianmen Street. It is located on the north-south axis of Beijing, with existing towers and watchtowers.

Judy, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, moved to Beijing. In the seventeenth year of Yongle (14 19), the south wall of Dadu in Yuan Dynasty moved 800 meters to the south. It turned out that the main entrance of Li in the middle of the Beijing city wall was moved to the position of Zhengyangmen, and now it is also called the main entrance of Li. In the first year of orthodoxy (1436), it was renamed Zhengyangmen. In the fourth year of orthodoxy (1439), in order to strengthen the defense ability of the capital, an archway was built outside the city gate of the capital, and the Zhengyangmen archway was also built at this time. A large urn is formed between the watchtower and the watchtower, with a length of108m from north to south and a width of 88.6m from east to west. There are arch-coupon-style doorways in all four directions of Wengcheng.

1900, when the Boxer Yihetuan burned down the outer wall of Zhengyangmen, the Zhengyangmen archway was ignited and burned by flying sparks. That winter, the tower was accidentally burned by Indian soldiers who made a fire to keep warm. The present Zhengyangmen was rebuilt in the third year of the Republic of China (19 14). In order to improve the traffic, Zhengyangmen Wengcheng was demolished by Zhu Qiqian, Chief of the Interior Department of Beiyang Government, in 19 15. 1965, under the instruction of Zhou Enlai, the Zhengyangmen Gate Tower and the Arrow Tower were preserved.

After 1949, Zhengyangmen was occupied by Beijing defenders, and 1980 was vacated.