What to do before and after picking pears?

The main purpose of orchard after pear fruit is to protect leaves. Whether leaves can be effectively preserved is directly related to whether the nutrients stored in pear trees can meet the nutrient requirements of life activities such as flowering and fruiting in the following year. How can we do a good job of blade protection? According to the work practice in previous years, the author puts forward some suggestions for reference.

First, it is very important to moisturize the pear orchard after fruit harvesting.

Because the wounds on the tree body are caused by different degrees of fruit harvesting, such as the hilt and some leaves being knocked off, it is easy to volatilize water. Because pear needs a lot of effective water supply during the ripening process, the physiological function of pear concentrates a lot of effective water to supply the fruit, but when the fruit is harvested artificially, the tree still supplies water to the fruit. However, because the fruit will leave a wound after harvesting, water will be lost from the wound, resulting in water consumption. Usually, the leaves we see will shrink after the fruit is harvested. At this time, if there is no water supply, it is easy to cause a large number of leaves to fall off. In addition, fruit harvesting brings changes in physiological functions, such as lack of water, growth hormone will turn to exfoliate, resulting in physiological defoliation of pear trees. When the abscission rate of pear leaves reaches about 80%, flower buds and leaf buds will change from latent state to active state, forming autumn flowers and sprouting new buds, which will consume the nutrients stored in the tree, thus affecting the pear yield in the next year and causing economic losses. Therefore, it is very important to keep the pear orchard moist after the fruit is harvested.

Second, postpartum moisturizing work should pay attention to matters

1, 15- 20 days after harvest, high-concentration fertilizer cannot be applied, which is usually called post-harvest fertilizer. According to the physiological function of trees, the recovery period after harvesting is 15-20 days. When the vitality of trees has not recovered, the application of high-concentration fertilizer is not only not conducive to the recovery of tree vitality, but counterproductive, leading to the destruction of normal life activities of trees and easy to produce physiological leaves. For individual trees that are really too weak to use fertilizer within 0/5-20 days after harvesting, they can only be watered with rotten human excrement with water as the main content and the concentration not exceeding 2%, or sprayed with 0.5% urea diluent on the back of leaves in the morning and evening. In short, it is best not to use chemical fertilizer until the vitality of the tree is restored. After the tree's vitality is restored, it must be fertilized to promote roots and leaves, and increase the storage at the same rest point to lay the foundation for next year's harvest.

2. Before the vitality of trees is restored within 20 days after 15- harvest, it is not suitable to carry out chemical weeding in the orchard, especially not to spray weeds with glyphosate, because glyphosate weeding mainly destroys the green part of weeds and leads to weed death. After spraying glyphosate on weeds, the stomata on the leaves expanded and the water evaporation was large. In order to survive, weeds have to absorb a lot of water from the soil to supplement it, thus forming a situation in which pears and grasses compete for water. Secondly, weeds began to die six to seven days after spraying glyphosate. After the weeds died, the surface area of pear orchard exposed to sunlight increased, and the surface temperature rose rapidly. Because of the high ground temperature, it is easy to scald the shallow roots of pear trees, which affects the water absorption of pear trees and causes physiological water loss and defoliation. Therefore, weeding should not be carried out within 15-20 days after harvest, and weeding should be carried out after pear trees regain their vitality, which is conducive to the success of leaf protection work.

3. Avoid spraying high-concentration pesticides at high temperature at noon within 0/5-20 days after harvesting, so as not to burn the leaves.

4. Conditional farmers can cover the pear trees with straws such as grass and green rice stalks after harvesting, so as to promote the moisturizing function of the pear orchard, keep the soil moist, reduce water evaporation and promote the success of leaf protection.