The speech on accelerating disaster prevention and mitigation is urgent.

Dear teachers and classmates: Good morning!

On March 2, 2009, with the approval of the State Council, May 12 was designated as the National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day from 2009.

1989 The United Nations Economic and Social Council designated the second Wednesday of June 10 as the International Day for Disaster Reduction, aiming at arousing the international community's attention to disaster prevention and reduction and urging governments to incorporate natural disaster reduction into their economic and social development plans.

While setting up the "International Day for Disaster Reduction", many countries in the world have also set up their own theme days for disaster prevention and reduction to promote their own publicity and education on disaster prevention and reduction. For example, Japan designated 1 in September as "Disaster Prevention Day" and August 30th to September 5th as "Disaster Prevention Week". Since 1994, the Korean government has designated May 25th every year as "Disaster Prevention Day". After the Indian Ocean tsunami, Thailand and Malaysia designated February 26th every year as "National Disaster Prevention Day". After the earthquake of magnitude 7.6 occurred in Pakistan on June 8, 2005, the Pakistani government designated June 8, 2005 as "Earthquake Memorial Day" and so on.

On May 12, 2008, an earthquake of magnitude 8.0 occurred in Wenchuan, Sichuan, China, which caused huge losses and shocked the world. The establishment of "Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day" in China, on the one hand, is to comply with the demands of all sectors of society for disaster prevention and mitigation in China, on the other hand, it is also to remind citizens to remember the past and learn from the future, pay more attention to disaster prevention and mitigation, and strive to reduce disaster losses. The establishment of "Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day" by the state will make China's disaster prevention and mitigation work more targeted and effective.

First of all, several natural disasters that have the greatest impact on China.

1. Geological disasters: Both natural changes and human activities may lead to changes in the geological environment or geological body. When this change reaches a certain level, landslides, mudslides, land subsidence, ground collapse, rock swelling, sand liquefaction, land freezing and thawing, soil salinization, land desertification, earthquakes, volcanoes, geothermal disasters and other consequences will do harm to human beings and society. This phenomenon is called geological disaster. Geological disasters also include derivative disasters. Types include: debris flow, landslide, collapse, land subsidence and earthquake.

2. Floods and other disasters: floods, floods, ice floods and earthquakes.

3. Gale disaster: When the wind is strong enough to endanger people's production activities, economic construction and daily life, it becomes a gale. Harmful gale mainly refers to typhoon, cold wave gale, thunderstorm gale and tornado.

4. Tropical cyclone disaster: A tropical cyclone is a cyclone vortex that occurs in tropical or subtropical oceans. Strong tropical cyclone, accompanied by strong wind, heavy rain, huge waves and storm surges, has a wide range of activities and strong destructive power, and is an important disastrous weather system. China is one of the few countries in the world seriously affected by tropical cyclones.

5. Hail disaster: Hail is ice or hockey that falls to the ground from strong cumulonimbus clouds. According to the size and damage degree of hail, it is divided into three grades: light hail, medium hail and heavy hail. China is one of the countries suffering from hail disasters in the world.

6. Marine disasters: storm surges, disastrous waves, tsunamis and red tides.

7. There are many other disasters.

Second, self-help methods under common circumstances

1. After scalding, wash the wound with ice mineral water or clean water at the first time 10 minutes or more. If the burn is mild and there is no wound, it can be applied to the affected area with badger oil, scald ointment or toothpaste. If the wound is serious, don't use scald ointment or oil, and don't puncture the blisters.

2. After the eyes are burned by chemicals, soak the whole face with clear water and keep opening and closing eyes. Go to the hospital for treatment in time after washing.

3, subway or subway accident, don't tear open the door without authorization, to prevent electric shock. Even if there is a total power outage, there is still emergency ventilation on the train that can last for 45 minutes to 1 hour, so there is no need to worry about hypoxia.

4. After a person is scratched or bitten by a pet, he should first squeeze out the dirty blood, rinse the wound repeatedly with soapy water for at least 20 minutes, wipe it with 75% alcohol, and then go to the rabies immunization clinic for vaccination.

5. If the clothes catch fire, lie down immediately, cover your face with your hands, and keep rolling to put out the flame-covering your face can prevent your face from being burned and hot air and smoke from entering your lungs. When the oil pan is on fire, turn off the gas quickly, push the lid flat on the pan, or pour a lot of lettuce on the fire to put out the fire.

6. When the microwave oven is working, people should leave the oven body 1 m or more to prevent microwave radiation from hurting people. When electrical appliances catch fire, cut off the power supply first, and then put out the fire with wet quilts and wet clothes. When the TV and computer are on fire, put out the fire from the side to prevent the explosion of the kinescope from hurting people. In thunderstorm weather, users of solar water heaters should never take a bath.

7. When an earthquake happens, if you are at home, hide in a small room, cover your nose and mouth with clothes to prevent dust and smoke, and keep a low profile. If you are outdoors, don't stay near high-rise buildings such as overpasses.

8. If you are told that there are toxic clouds or suspicious clouds above, you should leave the room quickly in the windward direction and avoid the smoke screen; Cover your head with wet towels and clothes, and cover your eyes with plastic bags.

9. In case of fire, first keep calm for 5 seconds and choose feasible escape routes as soon as possible, such as doors, windows, corridors, stairs, fire exits, etc. Before opening the doors and windows, be sure to feel whether the doors and windows are hot or not. If they are hot, you can't open them. You should choose another exit. If it's not hot, you can only open it a little carefully and pass it quickly, and then close it immediately. When your familiar passage is blocked by fireworks, you should first evacuate away from the fireworks and try to avoid going upstairs. At the same time, once you reach a safer place, never stay where you are. You should take prompt measures to evacuate from under the fire floor. Of course, it is best to reach the ground. Special note: every family should prepare an emergency kit and put it by the door. The necessities in the family emergency kit include: food and water that will not deteriorate for 3 days, battery-powered radio, flashlight, multi-purpose knife, toilet paper, rain gear, whistle, map, rope, medicine, and address book of friends and relatives.

The speech is over, thank you.