Ask for some information about post-disaster reconstruction of 5 12 Wenchuan earthquake! !

A year ago, there was a "ten miles of different days" for post-earthquake rescue. Now, they are also going through another reconstruction experience.

On both sides of the Du Yao Bridge, Yujiawan Primary School, which started in the twelfth lunar month last year, has been "stop-and-go". After half a year, bulldozers are still digging. On the other hand, Du Yao Middle School, which laid the foundation stone at the beginning of this year, has been built to the second floor.

Yujiawan belongs to Wenxian County, Gansu Province, and Du Yao belongs to Qingchuan, Sichuan Province, separated by a Baishui River. In the eyes of people on both sides of the strait, this is more like a reconstruction competition watching from the other side of the river, although leaders are unwilling to admit it.

A year ago, after the "5. 12" earthquake, the people of Sichuan and Gansu felt that "ten miles are different" from both sides of this river. The disaster in Wenxian County was once underestimated and neglected (see "Wenxian County, Gansu Province: An Underestimated Earthquake Disaster" Southern Weekend, May 22, 2008).

Now, the contrast inertia of the people continues. Some people in Yujiawan saw the reporter and leaned in and said that it was "very slow" compared with the reconstruction on the other side.

Most houses in Xiabikou Town of Wenxian County collapsed or were seriously damaged by the earthquake, and residents still live in dangerous houses or tents by the Baishui River.

"Building while shaking"

But the reality is that the start-up speed of rural reconstruction in Wenxian County is no less than that in Sichuan. Ding Xingwen, deputy director of the county construction bureau, said that in July 2008 10, their first batch of key villages had started construction.

A local official said that the underestimation of the earthquake situation stimulated the "reconstruction desire" of superior leaders to some extent. It can be proved that Longnan City, Gansu Province, where Wenxian County is located, announced in July last year that it would fully complete the post-disaster reconstruction task within two years. Sichuan put forward the same goal half a year late.

Zhang Hong, the county magistrate of Wenxian County, once expressed concern to Xinhua News Agency that post-disaster reconstruction is a complex systematic project, and "three years and two years" actually condensed the system and brought many challenges to local governments.

The price of emergency start-up is insufficient planning and demonstration. An official in charge of reconstruction admitted that they were "planning while recovering" and that the overall plan for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction in Wenxian County was "made by several people in the unit". Now it seems that there are some deficiencies in the preparation work, "which makes us very passive".

Perhaps the most direct example is the relative lag of road construction. The "Lifeline" 2 12 National Road, which runs through the north and south of Wenxian County, was seriously damaged in the earthquake, and traffic jams occurred almost every day, which seriously affected the import of reconstruction materials from other places. It was not until eight months after the reconstruction began that the road began to be "upgraded". Wenxian officials said, "National highways, cities and counties can't manage them."

The progress of reconstruction is also difficult to advance in an orderly manner. Wenxian 123 Reconstruction Village was originally planned to be built in three batches. However, Du, deputy director of the Reconstruction Office, found that "these batches were completely chaotic". At the end of last year, almost all reconstruction households in Zhongmiao Township had started construction.

After "5. 12", aftershocks continued, and Wenxian County, the nearest to Qingchuan, suffered heavy losses in May and August last year. But this did not stop it from accelerating the pace of reconstruction. The official said with a smile, "We are building while shaking."

At one time, there was opposition. A cadre in Zhongmiao Township confirmed that after the aftershock in August last year, some victims collectively requested to postpone the construction, and the township government reflected to the county government that it hoped to "slightly postpone".

Fearing about the quality of the project, the villagers once stopped the construction of Qingshuiping Village aided by Shenzhen. Yang Deming, the village director, still remembers it. He said that the new village aided by aid is near the rushing Baishui River, and the construction unit entered too early, but the foundation was leveled without pulling sand at the designated place, and the foundation was not allowed to be sloppy.

Waiting for materials, waiting for craftsmen.

The embarrassing situation has not been avoided because of the determination to rebuild. At least, under the pressure of capital, price and transportation, the progress of reconstruction is gradually slowing down.

The reconstruction project "blossomed everywhere" made Wenxian building materials once in a comprehensive emergency, especially bricks. Even Lianfeng Village, which was aided by the Shenzhen Municipal Government, was delayed for ten days because of the lack of bricks.

At present, there is still a serious shortage of machine bricks. A month ago, Wenxian County, Gansu Province organized an inspection of rural reconstruction in the county. About15, the new house became a "semi-finished" project, and it was in a state of "equal material".

Gui Jinquan, director of Daduba Village, has just pulled 30,000 bricks, and it has been half a year since he opened the base. "The worst burned brick can't be pulled up." He said that the bricks in the local brick factory have been reserved until the end of the year.

Guijinquan Construction Team from Suining, Sichuan contracted the reconstruction project of six families in the village, including his family. Four households stopped work due to lack of bricks, and workers had to return to Sichuan temporarily. 30% of the reconstruction households in the village are still "waiting for materials".

Tight supply and demand led to rising prices. Except for steel bars, the prices of cement and machine bricks have more than doubled before the earthquake.

Wen county Price Bureau has to implement the temporary price-intervention policy for building materials such as bricks, cement and steel bars. However, the "tangible hand" of the government seems to be difficult to match the "invisible hand" of the market. Not long ago, the county price bureau issued a fine to three local brick factories-their ex-factory prices were too high, but it took a lot of trouble to obtain evidence. Later, the price of cement declined slightly, and the price of steel stabilized. To some extent, the assistant general manager of jiuquan iron and steel Group was seconded to Wenxian County as the deputy county magistrate.

Wages are also soaring. Gui Jinquan hired Sichuan Construction Team, and the labor cost was 200 yuan /m2. Only 80-90 yuan before the earthquake. The locals say that "Master Chuan" is more popular than bricks, and there is no room for arbitrary bargaining.

Want money, want policy.

This is a county that is still labeled as a national poverty-stricken county. Among the 250,000 people, the poor account for more than 70%, and the county finance has always relied on the transfer payment from the superior. In the face of such unprecedented post-earthquake reconstruction, self-reliance is out of the question.

In mid-April, a deputy director of the State Council post-disaster reconstruction office came to Wenxian for investigation. In the official report materials of Wenxian County, the large gap of reconstruction funds and the difficulty of loan are listed as the most important "existing problems".

Du Yan, deputy director of Wenxian Reconstruction Office, said frankly that if the victims raised their own funds, I am afraid that 80% of the self-built households could not be built.

In the "half-pull" project, he learned that a considerable part was due to the break of the capital chain. Because of "quick money", many farmers can only temporarily put aside rebuilding their homes and go to Inner Mongolia to dig coal. "Work today and build houses tomorrow."

The rise in prices has diluted the subsidies given by the state to some extent. Zhang Hong, the county magistrate of Wenxian County, told Southern Weekend that the subsidy of 20,000 yuan for rebuilding households is actually only equivalent to the original purchasing power 1.2 million yuan.

In Sichuan, victims can also use bank loans to make up for it, but Wenxian has only issued loans of 256 million yuan so far last year, with a gap of 750 million yuan; Only 8,972 reconstruction households have obtained loans, and 26,027 households are still waiting anxiously.

In Zhongmiao Township Rural Credit Cooperative, every day, victims are disappointed and return home. A woman complained loudly that she ran four times. Since the end of September last year, 438+1early October, Wenxian Credit Cooperative stopped the credit business of reconstruction projects after issuing the first batch of loans.

This year, Wenxian and Longnan coordinated a loan of 30 million yuan. In order to use it on the cutting edge, it is only allowed to be distributed to the most difficult groups. In order to benefit more reconstruction households, each loan shall not exceed 1 ten thousand yuan.

However, after lending more than 6,543,800 yuan, the plan of 30 million yuan came to an abrupt end. On April 28th, Wenxian Credit Cooperative had to stop most of its normal credit business due to lack of money. At present, credit cooperatives basically rely on loans from the People's Bank of China and cannot be used to rebuild such long-term projects. Found and corrected by the regulatory authorities.

Credit cooperatives also have their own grievances. Loan in the form of "farmers' joint guarantee", "guarantee is just a form." Lv Xiangyang, deputy director of the credit union, said, "The risks are all on our heads. "

Lu paraphrased that at a recent summary meeting, the county magistrate said excitedly, "After three years, if farmers can't afford it, what should they do?" The credit union may close down. "Few people think that victims can repay within three years.

As a county magistrate, Zhang Hong can only control the credit union, the only financial institution. Of the 256 million loans, credit cooperatives accounted for 244 million yuan. Most commercial banks "stand by", only the Agricultural Bank, which lends more than RMB120,000, has harsh conditions-it must be guaranteed by "paid" public officials.

/kloc-In April, 2007, Wenxian reported to the State Council Post-disaster Reconstruction Office that 7 suggestions and 5 suggestions were related to funds, hoping to get more support from the central authorities. In addition, it is also required to coordinate the financial sector to timely implement residents' housing reconstruction loans.

"cauldron rice"

One year later, Wenxian people still feel that the attention of the outside world is obviously not as good as that of Sichuan, even after the media appealed for their neglected experience.

According to the data of Wenxian Finance Bureau, as of March this year 16, Wenxian * * received donations from units, enterprises and all walks of life13.02 million yuan, which is less than the donations received by some schools in Sichuan.

Zhang Wendong, head of Zhongmiao Township, said that since the earthquake, there have only been more than 200 prefabricated houses in the township. Most victims can only spend the winter in tents.

Two weeks ago, Yujiawan Primary School in Zhongmiao Township finally welcomed a teacher from Chengdu and the first car of stationery. Duyao Town, Qingchuan, opposite Zhongmiao Township, is supported by Yuhuan County, Zhejiang Province, and its Qingchuan County is supported by Zhejiang Province. Shenzhen, which is responsible for assisting Wenxian County, actually faces the 1 district of Longnan City (Wenxian County, Kangxian County and Wudu District) and Zhouqu County of Gannan Prefecture. "In the early days of the earthquake, Shenzhen made up its mind to help Wenxian. Later, it became the aid of three counties and one district, one family became four, and a pot of rice became four people. " An official in wen county said.

Although Wenxian is the hardest hit area in Longnan, he didn't get the most money in the aid projects in Shenzhen.

Bikou Town, the hardest hit area, was all affected. The local victims told the Southern Weekend reporter that the project originally thought to help build Bikou collapsed in Chengguan Town, more than 80 kilometers away.

The central government has specially issued a one-time fund for post-disaster recovery and reconstruction for three years, which is also the experience of facing * * *. Some officials said that the money was shared by all counties and cities in Longnan except Wenxian, Wudu and Kangxian, which were seriously affected. Wenxian's share ranks second among all counties in the city, only 15.69%.

Zhang Hong, the county magistrate, can only appeal to Shenzhen reporters repeatedly, hoping that Shenzhen will increase its assistance to Wenxian County, and through the local media, he hopes to appeal to entrepreneurs and charities to support Wenxian County's "love project" such as education and medical care.

sequela

In addition to seeking outside support, Wenxian officials also advised the victims not to "wait for help". In June 5438+last year 10, Wenxian county built a night scene project on the high mountains on both sides of the county. As night falls, the "starlight" on the mountain and the moon complement each other. An official said that these solar lamps can also carry slogans, one is "Building a Harmonious Wenxian County" and the other is "Wenxian County will be better tomorrow". He said that this can inspire the courage of Wenxian people to rebuild their homes.

The reality is there. Even in Zhongmiao Township, where the disaster was serious, more than 3,600 households were all affected, but only 360 households in Shenzhen participated in the assistance. In other words, 90% of the victims need to rely on their own hands to rebuild their homes.

According to the requirements put forward by the higher authorities after the earthquake, Wenxian county must complete the rural reconstruction task at the end of June this year 1 1.

At least from the data point of view, the "Shenzhen speed" of several demonstration sites has really driven the county's enthusiasm for reconstruction. According to the data submitted by Wenxian County to the State Council Reconstruction Office, 94% of the 34,999 households in need of reconstruction in this county have started construction, of which 24,099 households have been completed, accounting for 68.8% of the reconstructed households.

In June, 5438+10, the villagers of Qingshuiping village happily returned to live in the mountains after attending the check-in ceremony, and did not spend the New Year in their new home.

Qingshuiping village has not even allocated a house. The problem is land. Land-losing farmers need to pay the "land occupation fee", which should have been solved long ago before construction. Zhang Taoyun, a 47-year-old peasant woman in Qingshuiping Village, blamed "disharmony among people". "At that time, everyone wanted to go on happily. Now they have to pay and have no money, and they can't live. "

According to Yang Deming, director of Qingshuiping Village, land is not the biggest problem. The new village cannot be connected with water and electricity, and the sewage facilities are unknown. According to the plan, these infrastructures are undertaken by the government, and the project application report has just been submitted.