Nie Zheng stormed into the Prime Minister's Mansion, cut off Prime Minister Xia Lei's head with one sword, then broke out of the Prime Minister's Mansion, killed dozens of pursuers along the way, and

Nie Zheng stormed into the Prime Minister's Mansion, cut off Prime Minister Xia Lei's head with one sword, then broke out of the Prime Minister's Mansion, killed dozens of pursuers along the way, and finally committed suicide by disembowelment! Chivalrous Man Nie Zheng's "Historical Records. Biographies of Assassins" When the sword and stick arrived in Han Dynasty, Han Xiangxiang sat in the palace after being exhausted, holding a halberd and guarding the servants. Nie Zheng went straight in, and the upper-level assassins were tired, causing chaos on both sides. Nie Zheng shouted, dozens of people he killed died because their skin, face, eyes, and intestines were cut out. Jing Ke is the most famous among the five assassins because he is related to the famous Qin Shi Huang! Jing Ke once slayed a dragon in the Yangtze River, drank wine and discussed swordsmanship with the famous swordsman Dog Slayer in Yan State, and listened to music and danced swords with the music master Gao Jianli. Later, at the request of Prince Dan of Yan State, he took the warrior Qin Wuyang to Qin to assassinate King Yingzheng of Qin. Assassins are rampant, making it difficult for our king to live in peace for a day. Therefore, the security work of the Qin State is very strict. Ministers are not allowed to carry swords in the palace. In addition, there is a gold-absorbing stone in the main hall, which can absorb iron tools. Jing Ke spent a hundred gold to obtain a dagger from Mrs. Xu of the State of Zhao, and quenched poison on the dagger. Once a person's skin was cut by the dagger, he would die if his skin was stained with blood. Dozens of people died from trying the sword. The plan is poor but the dagger appears. It stands to reason that King Qin Zheng should be killed on the spot. However, God's blessing must be given to the destined emperor. Jing Ke missed a single blow, giving Ying Zheng a chance to escape. The two walked around the pillar. Jing Ke ignored the dignity of the assassin and pretended to stop as soon as the attack missed. However, he still struck the King of Qin several times. In the panic, the King of Qin could not draw out his long sword. At this time, the imperial doctor Xia Wuji was so anxious that he hit Jing Ke with a medicine box. Qin Wangzheng took out his long sword and chopped off one of Jing Ke's thighs with one strike. Jing Ke fell to the ground, but he still threw the dagger and shot Qin Wangzheng, but missed the Qin king but hit the bronze pillar. The King of Qin was furious and struck Jing Ke eight times with his sword. Jing Ke died of blood loss! Jing Ke Assassins Qin After Qin Shihuang became emperor, he was assassinated by assassins again and again, but Ci Ke failed. This shows that the emperor is a high-risk profession, and there are many people who want to kill the emperor. In the 29th year of the First Emperor of Qin, Zhang Liang ambushed the Emperor of Qin in Bolangsha and smashed the emperor's passenger car to pieces with a hammer, but the Emperor of Qin was not in the car and was spared death! In the thirty-first year of Qin Shi Huang's reign, Qin Shi Huang paid a private visit to Xianyang incognito. He was frightened by the assassins. The four warriors around him fought with the assassins. The situation was very critical. Fortunately, the patrol army rescued him in time, and Qin Shi Huang was saved from death. "Historical Records. The Chronicles of Qin Shihuang" In the 29th year, the First Emperor traveled eastward. Zhiyang Wu Bolang Sand, was frightened by thieves. In order to ask for help, he ordered the world to search for ten days... In December of the 31st year, the First Emperor was traveling to Xianyang, accompanied by four warriors. When he went out at night, he encountered a thief in the Orchid Pond. When he was embarrassed, the warrior killed the thief. Guanzhong Dashuo on the 20th. 4. The evolution of sitting, standing and kneeling. After Qin Shihuang unified the world, he strengthened the construction of imperial power, abolished the feudal feudal system, and changed the central county system. Central officials and county chiefs were directly appointed by the emperor. The former supreme king was demoted, and the supreme ruler was titled emperor. Therefore, many etiquettes were also changed: the king was not allowed to carry a sword when he went to the palace, he was not allowed to wear shoes, and he was not allowed to walk slowly. Sit down, but you are not allowed to do so by the emperor, and you are not allowed to speak at will. Discussing state affairs When entering the court to face the king, they need to disarm before entering the main hall and have them kept by the palace guards. They can collect their weapons after leaving the court. Qin Shihuang collected the troops from all over the world, sold Feng Dy, and cast twelve golden figures. They stood in the square outside the main hall, similar to the nine tripods of the Xia, Shang, and Zhou dynasties. Qin Shihuang basically standardized the etiquette for ministers to meet the emperor, and everything was fixed in the form of Qin law. Those who violated the law must be punished despite their merits. Since the Qin Dynasty implemented the system of prefectures and counties, all officials received state salaries. There was only one king in the world, and that was the emperor. Those who were ministers would no longer be kings. The Han Dynasty inherited the Qin system, but there were many gains and losses. Liu Bang basically inherited the Qin Dynasty's system in full. After the Han Dynasty destroyed the Chu State, the world was unified. Due to the situation, Liu Bang implemented a system of parallel prefectures and states. The contribution of Prime Minister Xiao He was equivalent to that of Jiang Taigong of the Zhou Dynasty. However, although Xiao He was granted the title of marquis, he was not the king of a country after all. In order to reward Xiao He for his contribution, Liu Bang granted Xiao He the privilege of "bringing swords and shoes to the palace and entering the court without hesitation." They were very firm in maintaining the etiquette system. The ministers would sit on their seats and wait for the emperor to come to court. After the prime minister came to the court, the emperor would stand up and greet the prime minister to show his respect for the prime minister.The ministers sat down to talk to the emperor, which was passed down from the pre-Qin Dynasty to the Northern Song Dynasty Kang Youwei's "Edict to Avoid Kneeling and Worshiping": In the Han system, the emperor stood up (standing) for the prime minister; in the Jin, Six Dynasties and Tang Dynasties, the emperor and his ministers all sat down; only in the Song Dynasty, they stood up, and in the Yuan Dynasty, they knelt down. Later generations will follow it. After the establishment of the Song Dynasty, Emperor Taizu of the Song Dynasty used a cup of wine to release military power and returned all the military power of the generals to the emperor. The emperor's military symbols were not allowed, and the generals were not allowed to mobilize the army. Anyone who violated this rule would be killed. Fan Zhi, the prime minister of Song Taizu, was an old minister of the previous dynasty. One day, he was sitting and reporting to Taizu. Taizu said that my eyesight was not good. Please bring the article to me. Fan Zhi took it up and came back to see that his seat had been covered. Taizu moved away, and from then on the prime minister no longer had a seat. The prime minister, who is the head of the officials, has to stand and speak, so naturally the ministers can only speak standing. Discussing state affairs while standing There is also an advantage to standing in front of the emperor, that is, the ministers can communicate with each other. In the past, they were far apart when they were sitting, but now they are closer when they are standing. In order to prevent ministers from communicating with each other and forming a group, Song Taizu specially designed an official hat with a pair of wings on it, so that the distance between ministers would naturally become farther and they would be unable to communicate in a low voice. The small wings on the official hats of the Song Dynasty were 40 centimeters long on one side and 80 centimeters on both sides. Including the width of the person, the distance was at least one meter. The two of them were one meter apart and could not hear each other if they spoke softly, and it was not appropriate to speak loudly. This effectively prevented ministers from having private discussions in the court. "History of the Song Dynasty·Yu Fu Zhi" records: "" In the system of dynasties, the monarch and his ministers all wore flat-footed uniforms, and rode on the public servants or folded their clothes to the top. At first, it was made of rattan woven straw towel as the lining, gauze as the surface, and was painted with lacquer. At the back, the lacquer is used as the solid material, the vines are removed, and the front is folded. Put your two feet flat and use iron as the base. "After the Yuan Dynasty took over the Central Plains, all ministers had to kneel and speak. This tradition was brought from Mongolia. After all, Mongolia had not entered the feudal society from a slave society for a short time and had no cultural traditions of its own, so the ceremony of kneeling was formed. The Ming Dynasty After the establishment, Zhu Yuanzhang further strengthened the imperial power. Officials usually kneeled before the emperor. Only after receiving the emperor's order could they stand and speak. The Ming Dynasty also invented the imperial staff system, which was to use the imperial staff in front of all civil and military officials. In the Ming Dynasty, high-ranking officials would write suicide notes to their families in advance when they went to court. They might still be high-ranking officials in the morning, but they would be dead under the stick in the evening. The system of the Ming Dynasty was continued, but the imperial power was further strengthened. All matters, big or small, had to be personally approved by the emperor. No policy could be implemented without the emperor's approval. It is worth mentioning that before the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, it was still a tribal alliance system, and all ministers were banners. After the Qing Dynasty entered the customs, the banner ministers called themselves slaves in front of the emperor, and the Han ministers called themselves ministers in front of the emperor. Only Manchu ministers and those who were transferred to Manchu nationality. Ministers can only call themselves "slaves" when they meet the emperor. Han ministers cannot be called slaves, otherwise they will be guilty of treason. If the Manchu and Han ministers jointly submit a letter, they will all be called slaves, and Han ministers are not allowed to obtain the title of slaves in this way. Emperor Qianlong also issued an edict stipulating that in the future, when Manchu and Han ministers jointly submit a memorial, they must all call them ministers together, and they must no longer call Manchu ministers slaves. In feudal society, imperial power is supreme. The evolution reflects the step-by-step strengthening of imperial power. However, things will eventually decline. Although the strengthening of imperial power is conducive to the stability of the regime, it also stifles vitality. The Qing Dynasty's imperial power reached its extreme, but in the end it had to implement a constitutional monarchy because of its far-reaching influence. Reforms were carried out from top to bottom, so the imperial power was finally overthrown through revolution.