Ancient village characteristics of ancient buildings in Cuanxia village

Write 30 strokes of the word "CUAN" and pronounce it in a wide voice. In order to facilitate memory, we can take it apart and say: Xing prefix, Lin waist, big character arson and forest arson are becoming more and more popular. Isn't it very hot? But everyone under the table is surnamed Han, and the homonym (cold) means cold, cold.

The word "Cuan" is literally interpreted as: home, if you don't leave, you will never leave. Application: stove, cooking with fire. For example: surname, there is a village in Qishan County, Shaanxi Province, where more than 1000 people are surnamed Yu. This word is difficult to write and recognize. If you can write, it will become a book. If you can't write it, it will become a piece. So the homophonic word "Chuan" is used instead, but it still sounds like a book. It was first in 1942. In order to facilitate the exchange of anti-Japanese cadres, especially those from other places, the word "Yao" was changed to "Chuan". By the end of 1950s, the word "Yao" was basically out of use. 1995 After the tourism development, the word "Yao" has been brought into full play.

Siheyuan; siheyuan;?quadrangle?dwellings

Compared with the quadrangles in Beijing, the quadrangles under mattresses have similarities and differences.

How big the main building is, how big the wing is, where the gatehouse is opened, and where the central axis is, all depend on the norms of Feng Shui. It pays attention to the left green dragon, the right white tiger, the former Suzaku and the later Xuanwu, and the architectural ideas are all the same. In the process, we also pay attention to dry grinding and fine pendulum, brick grinding and seam grinding. The difference is that the east and west wing rooms are indented to the center of the courtyard, which reduces the floor space. In the second courtyard, the central axis of the inner courtyard and the outer courtyard is not built with hanging flower doors, but with three halls and five purlins to improve the land utilization rate. Open the second door on the east side of the hall, which is in the southeast corner of the front yard. Rainwater is discharged from the hole on the left side of the gate.

The main and inverted rooms of the courtyard under the mattress are mostly four beams and eight columns, and the wing is three beams and six columns. The four corners of the wall are hard, and the roof is double-sloping, with hard mountains and clear water ridges. Scorpion tails are placed at both ends of the roof, and flower boards, tile boards or wooden boards are placed below. The room is equipped with a heatable adobe sleeping platform, a floor furnace, a square brick floor and a brick wall skirt. There are many kinds of windows and doors: I-shaped brocade, lantern brocade, large lattice, turtle back brocade, sky-filled brocade, three arrows on a horse and oblique lattice. The foundation is stone, and there are windward cover plates under the wall legs on both sides of the house. Stone carving patterns are varied but not identical, such as large squares, oblique squares, water ripples or auspicious characters of flowers.

screen wall

Under the blanket, the Nanshan wall in the east wing of the front yard of the quadrangle and the Nanshan wall in the east wing of the backyard build a mountain shadow wall. There are three parts: a hat at the top, a heart in the middle and a seat at the bottom. The hat is engraved with peach, swastika, eaves tile or tiger head, or the word "Fu", brick, fake rafter, round head or square head, plum blossom to take the meaning of tout va bien. The outer corner of the heart is engraved with flowers of the four seasons, and the inner corner is engraved with clouds. The center is set or engraved with the word "Hongxi" or "Fu", and the upper left corner of the word "Fu" looks like a bat. What's more, there are plum blossoms in happiness, luck and longevity, and it's wonderful to show Five Blessingg with its five petals. Exquisite materials and exquisite craftsmanship decorate the colorful screen wall. Its main function is to show wealth, spectacular prospects, ward off evil spirits and welcome good luck.

Arch over the gate

Most of the wide gatehouses were built in the southeast corner of quadrangles, which moved eastward along the central axis and made a windfall. At the same time, it also conforms to the Feng Shui thoughts of Zuo Qinglong and You Baihu. The quadrangle gatehouse built in the south of the street is built in the northwest corner. Most gatehouses are house-style, with a ridge on the mountain and a stone monitoring platform or wooden monitoring platform with slate tiles. Scorpion tails are placed at both ends of the ridge, and flowers and plants are placed below. It is difficult to sew the four corners of the brick. There is a front door cover and a back door cover in front, or a hard wood carving lotus peony, or a window lattice card. There is a round or polygonal doornail above the threshold, which is engraved with auspicious words. There is a doormat stone under the threshold, and a stone pier stands outside, engraved with auspicious words, flowers and auspicious animals. The door is equipped with brass or iron cymbals, with knockers and ruthenium hoops. The four corners of the gatehouse have windward cover plates with eaves on them, which are magnificent.

Overall Excellence

In most rural areas in the north, the houses of landlords and the rich are particularly good, while the houses of poor middle peasants are very poor, which forms a great contrast. Cuoxixia village was once brilliant in history, especially in the late Qing Dynasty, there were eight famous rich people in the west of Beijing, many rich people and few people without money, so every family built a courtyard with blue bricks and gray tiles and three courtyards, which was excellent on the whole.

Staggered height

Cuanxia Village faces south, built on a gentle slope, rising layer by layer and built on a mountain, so that every household has the best lighting, ventilation and viewing view according to the situation, which fully embodies the perfect combination of people and buildings, buildings and the environment.

Clever conception

The streets and hutongs under the mountain are paved with bluestone, limestone and purple slate, which are solid and beautiful, and all kinds of slate reflect charming colors after the rain. The yard is paved with square bricks, which is not hot in summer, not cold in winter, not slippery when walking, and can also adjust the humidity in the yard. The underground cellar is used to store vegetables and fruits. Because the temperature can be adjusted through air holes and cellar covers, robes and potatoes can be stored for several months. There are six caves in the ground, and there is a round hole in the center of the outside. In autumn, six forked wooden stakes will be erected in six caves with equal distance, and Beijing bus will be erected to bask in grain and get off to the people. It is convenient and beautiful to dry grain under the shed and pull out wooden stakes, which can be described as ingenious.

Rich cultural relics

Ruins of old villages in Ming Dynasty, residential buildings in Qing Dynasty, murals, good news, ruins of houses burned by Japanese troops during World War II, anti-Japanese outpost sites, slogans in the 1950s, slogans in the 1960s, slogans in the 1970s, ancient mills, ancient wells and ancient temples make people feel history and Cang Sang, just like old wine.

Gaoguanguan village

During the period of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, there were more than 500 households in the whole village 108. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, seventy or eighty young people joined the army, participated in politics and participated in the war. Eighty percent of the peasants are military families, cadres and martyrs. Thirty-four martyrs died for their country and four were disabled. After liberation, dozens of people became officials abroad, and only nearly 20 were at the bureau level.

A place with excellent feng shui

The people pay attention to farming and reading, but also to feng shui. The environment around the village is in harmony with the theory of geomantic omen. In the long history, working people have summed up and accumulated profound geomantic omen theory in order to pray for rich production achievements and comfortable living conditions, and formed different schools. And these theories, no matter which genre, have more or less influenced, guided and regulated people's production and life. At the same time, no matter which school is inseparable from the seven elements of Feng Shui theory: Zuo Qinglong, Right White Tiger, Former Suzaku, Later Xuanwu, Wind, Water and Yingan. Only some pay attention to "situation", and some pay attention to "managing qi".

On the left side of Cuanxia Village are Neiqinglongshan, Dongpo Beam, Waiqinglongshan and Jiaoyu Dongpo Beam. These two Qinglong Mountains are magnificent and winding. What is remarkable is that Neiqinglongshan rises three groups of hills in the ups and downs, which are quite like three auspicious animals. That is: crouching tiger, hiding dragon, lying on the side of his head, looking at the king of the village, the tiger beast, is Lu. Tortoise, tortoise whistling in the sky, tortoise whistling in the sky, in order to live. Bats send blessings and fly in the air. Bats are blessings. Fu Lushou stars shine on the ancient village.

On the right side of Cuanxia Village are Neibaihu Mountain, Lengzi on the north slope, Waibaihu Mountain and Taibei Slope in White. These two white tiger mountains went down with the trend, but they didn't rise sharply, especially the inner white tiger mountain, which fell to the end and was extremely tame. The one who holds his head high is Zuo Qinglong, and the one who bows his head is the right white tiger.

Two Qinglong Mountains and two White Tiger Mountains meet on the east slope of Baiyutai, and the top of the beam is Zushan, that is, Xuanwu. It stretched out its arms and held it in the arms under the blanket, which made the village avoid the cold in the west and passively embraced the sun. Surprisingly, there is a mountain ridge hanging on the left side of Zushan Mountain, which is red sandstone and all loess, and it rises slightly to form a round mountain bag. Hongshaling is the dragon ridge, terraces on both sides are the dragon forest, loess is the dragon neck, and the mountain bag is the leader. But under the tap is the Tang Ming of the village, and the village spreads on both sides with Tang Ming as the axis. The combination of village and faucet, faucet and Zushan is so clever, so affectionate and so clever.

Zhuque Mountain is the southern slope beam opposite to Cuanxia Village. It hangs from Bijia Mountain in the southwest to the southeast, passes through the village smoothly, and then suddenly leans to the left in front of the village, confronting Qinglong Mountain and surrounding the village, forming a solid outlet of the sluice. Rosefinch is like a bird, like a dance, and it is auspicious. The beams on the south slope are flat and spectacular, with no fangs, and the jungle is lush, full of green. Although the top of the mountain in the east is slightly lower, there is a row of cypress trees proudly connected with the mountain and dancing enthusiastically.

Behind the south slope beam in front of the village, there is a mountain peak, flat and sharp like a writing brush, but it can only be seen outside the village. It is said that the pen is outward, which is Chongwen. You have to be educated to be an official. Therefore, the pen is outward, which has given birth to many senior officials who work in various parts of the country. It can be said that the top of the pen is like a forest of officials.

"Wind" and "water" are also extremely important in Feng Shui theory. Without wind, there will be no flowers, without wind and rain, there will be no flowers, and the air will be in a daze without wind. Strong winds, strong winds, cold winds and strong winds are not good, but spring winds, breezes and breezes are good. The mountain below can resist the strong wind in the northwest and enjoy the breeze. Water is the source of all things. Yaodi Village is located in the middle and lower part of the northwest ditch of Zhaitang, which is 0/0 km away from Huangcaoliang/Kloc-in White, and belongs to incoming water. "The dry side comes to the water, the Tianmen is open, the flow source is long, and the financial resources are abundant." It is only 6 kilometers away from the national highway to get out of the water. "As soon as the water comes out, every local household will be inexhaustible." In the northwest of the village, there is spring water in Mahuaergou on the left, river water in Huangcaoliang in the middle and spring water in Cuba Valley on the right. Sanshui (which existed a long time ago and dried up in recent decades) gathered from the northwest, headed east to Nanpogen, and then turned southeast. Just around an arc-shaped village, "the mountains are covered with water, and there must be gas." There are two wells (longan) opposite the faucet in front of the village. The water in the crown enriches the village, nourishes the people and enriches everything. Water can gather gas, water can gather wealth, and water can ward off evil spirits and attract wealth.

One kilometer away from the village and 0/00 meters away from Nanhu/Kloc (the sky at first sight) is like a horn, which strongly absorbs the purple gas from the east and blows it into the house. Half a kilometer below the village, a beam hangs from Bifeng Mountain (the door is inserted into the ridge) and inserted into the depression of Dongshan Mountain, locking the God of Wealth at home.

In mountainous areas, villages surrounded by mountains abound. This element of geomantic omen is excellent in all aspects, which is really rare, amazing everywhere, and the land of geomantic omen deserves its reputation. No matter how superstitious the geomantic omen theory is, people in Ganxia Village are enjoying its prosperity in a beautiful natural environment. The villagers are exquisite in appearance, hardworking and intelligent, seeking wealth at home, and have a wide range of financial resources. Famous in Jingxi, Hebei and Changhong.

At the top of Dongshan Mountain, there are three gods, and Fu Lu Shou Xing shines on the ancient village. Backed by the faucet, the pen peak is like a forest.

The top is filled with purple gas and the bottom is locked with a door. The glory of the past has been blowing in the wind, and it is spring at the turn of the century.

(Han Diandi)

(The above text is my original, please sign it. )

Today, it has become a hot tourist spot for folk holidays in the suburbs of Beijing; Pay tribute to all the friends who have contributed to the underground tourism.