The deployment and implementation of geological work should follow scientific laws.

First, geological work should adhere to the combination of investigation and research.

The practical characteristics of geological work determine that geological work must adhere to the combination of investigation and research, which is a basic working principle of geological survey institutions in various countries. The problem that geological survey is divorced from research is that in the development of geological work in China, the geological survey team is often treated and managed as a factory-like production unit, and the investigation and research in geological work are artificially separated in the team system and management system. This phenomenon originated from the planned economy system can only be solved gradually in practice and on the basis of raising awareness.

With the reform of geological prospecting team system, the development of geological work, the improvement of technical level of technical personnel in geological prospecting team and the increase of the proportion of highly educated geological technicians, as well as the in-depth geological investigation and exploration practice of technical personnel (researchers and doctors) in geological research units, the level of geological work has been greatly improved.

Practice shows that the combination of geological work investigation and research needs innovative changes in geological work concept, geological work management system and operation mechanism, personnel training and quality improvement, and these changes need a process. We must correctly understand that geological work is scientific work, not simple productive labor; It is necessary to "push" geological researchers to the main battlefield of geological work and create conditions for them. They are needed for field work, and they also need to work in the field. It is necessary to transform the geological scientific research of "a handful of soil", "a stone" and "a point" into actual field investigation and research. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the on-the-job training of field technicians, bring the specific work of field investigation into the scope of scientific research, and cultivate and improve the level of geological technicians in practical work. It is a good way to gradually reverse the disconnection between research and investigation by cultivating talents relying on geological survey projects and bringing geological teaching and scientific research into the geological survey work of scientific research institutions.

Second, the deployment and implementation of geological work should follow scientific laws.

The geological conditions and mineral conditions in various regions are an objective natural phenomenon, which is independent of human will. We must base our overall work on the known geological laws. Marx said: "A human plan that is not based on the great laws of nature will only bring disaster". Therefore, when deploying and implementing geological work, we should understand the nature and characteristics of geological work and follow scientific laws.

The deployment of geological work should solve the contradiction between "need and possibility". Because the object of geological work is the earth, and the regional characteristics determine the regional characteristics of geological work, we must carefully study the regional geological conditions and their characteristics when deploying each kind of geological work. However, the differences between regions and geological conditions are "eternal", so we must follow scientific laws and deploy geological work from the needs and possibilities.

Historical experience is worth noting. The deployment that violates geological laws in macro-decision will cause great losses to the national economy. In the middle and late 20th century, we put forward the slogan of "reversing the transportation of coal from north to south and transferring phosphorus from south to north". In the specific work deployment, there has been a vigorous national iron ore competition, regardless of regional characteristics and geological conditions, looking for coal in the south and phosphorus in the north. In the implementation of specific work, the form of "fighting" reflects the determination of leaders, but it backfires and has limited effect, which is far from people's wishes and actual needs.

Such cases are not only manifested in regional differences, but also in the understanding of geological conditions. When foreign countries made a great breakthrough in searching for greenstone gold deposits and Carlin-type gold deposits, but we didn't study their geological characteristics in depth, we blindly proposed to search for greenstone gold deposits and Carlin-type gold deposits in China, and made a decision in the national work deployment, which set off an upsurge. For a period of time, there were greenstone gold deposits and Carlin-type gold deposits everywhere in China, which objectively hindered the innovation of China's characteristic deposit theory. Later practice proved that innovation can only be realized through practice according to the laws of geological science. The development of metallogenic series and metallogenic system theory is proof.

Follow the law of geological work and show it in the specific arrangement and operation of geological work. The "drilling as the key link" in geological exploration work is caused by not understanding the characteristics and cognitive laws of geological work. Commanders completely regard geological work as production, and determine the assessment index as drilling workload, regardless of geological conditions, geological needs, possibilities and construction sequence, and blindly take the completion of drilling workload as the assessment target, which has caused great waste and dampened the enthusiasm of geological technicians for a period of time. Then, in the work deployment, we sometimes go to the other extreme, ignoring the exploratory characteristics of geological work, and dare not increase the workload, especially the drilling workload, in mineral exploration, demanding "seeing the ore every hole" and "fixing the life every hole". The regional geological survey always needs new "major discoveries" and "breakthrough progress". The "mistakes" in overall deployment and unscientific work arrangements will also cause great losses to geological work.

Third, the deployment and implementation of geological work should follow scientific procedures.

Geological understanding is a gradual deepening process, and geological survey, mineral exploration, water source exploration, engineering exploration and geological environment exploration should be carried out in certain stages according to the purpose and degree of work. The division of this stage is a summary of the practical work experience of several generations of geologists, and it is a scientific advancement that has experienced difficulties and setbacks. The implementation of various professional work is guided by norms and procedures. Generally speaking, geological exploration should follow the following rules: from shallow to deep, from surface to inside, from coarse to fine, from small scale to large scale, from typical profile to general profile, from surface to point and from point to surface, from geophysical and geochemical exploration to drilling, from laboratory test to production test, etc.

For example, regional geological surveys generally complete small-scale surveys first, and then gradually carry out large-scale surveys. At present, the regional geological surveys in China 1 ∶ 1 10,000,1∶ 500,000 and1∶ 200,000 have achieved full coverage, and we have a clear understanding of the geological and mineral conditions in China. On this basis, the geological and mineral survey of1∶ 50,000 area will be deployed, and the selected area will be investigated in detail. Mineral exploration is divided into pre-exploration, general survey, detailed investigation, exploration and mine production exploration.

This scientific procedure is a thinking procedure that conforms to people's deepening understanding. In some cases, geological work can be carried out after this stage, such as in mineral exploration, from general survey to exploration stage, and some deposits are explored during mining. However, this kind of work deployment must also be implemented on the basis of scientific understanding and cannot be taken for granted.

Failure to comply with geological work procedures will lead to blindness, increase the cost of geological work and even increase the risk of using geological results.

Four, in the deployment of geological work to deal with the relationship between basic geology, methods and technology and applied geology.

In recent years, mineral resources exploration has been paid attention to, social funds have poured into the field of mineral exploration, and applied geological work such as mineral exploration and hydrogeology and exploration technologies such as geophysics and geochemistry have made rapid progress, which has made great achievements that have attracted worldwide attention and provided mineral resources and geological data guarantee for China's economic construction. However, as far as basic geology and corresponding research work are concerned, it is still relatively weak in terms of capital intensity and relative proportion. The so-called insufficient investment in exploration is a structural shortage of funds relative to basic geological work. The weakness of basic geology is mainly manifested in two aspects. First of all, compared with advanced countries in the world, and even with developing countries such as India, South Korea and Brazil, the level of basic geological work in China is very low. Second, after the founding of New China, China lacked significant achievements in the basic theory of geology. For example, the geological mapping area of China1:50,000 is120,000 square kilometers, which is only 20% of the measurable area. Marine geological survey is more backward. Developed countries abroad, India and South Korea have completed the marine geological mapping of1:200,000, while China has just started the mapping of 1: 1 10,000 for two oceans.

The reasonable and coordinated development of the professional structure of geological work is one of the basic problems in the development of geology and geological work.

Five, the deployment and implementation of geological work should correctly understand the economic and social benefits.

Geological work is a work with economic and social attributes. Especially, the economic attribute of mineral exploration is more prominent. Therefore, geological work should stress economic and social benefits. This is determined by the characteristics of geological work, and it is also the reason why geological work is still dynamic after hundreds of years of development. However, the understanding of its economic and social benefits must be based on the understanding of geological work. If we don't understand its benefit characteristics, we will blindly pursue so-called economic benefits or so-called scientific significance regardless of scientific laws when deploying and implementing geological work.

In recent years, the "economic image" of mineral exploration has the strongest social response. The marketization of mining rights, until the development of "bidding, auctioning and hanging" and "operating mining rights", has transformed mineral exploration achievements into economic and social benefits that pay attention to "rights", which violates the scientific laws of mineral exploration and the laws of understanding mineral deposits and blindly pursues the so-called "economic benefits", which greatly damages the image of geological work and dampens the enthusiasm of social investors for mineral exploration and development.

Six, scientific management is the fundamental to ensure the quality of geological work.

In essence, geological work is a highly knowledgeable scientific and technical work, and technical standards are the technical basis for implementing geological work and the technical criteria for ensuring the quality of geological work. Due to the diversity and complexity of geological work disciplines, the related technical standards are numerous and complicated. Therefore, any geological survey and exploration work should be carried out in accordance with established technical standards or norms. During the "Great Leap Forward" and "Cultural Revolution", China once ignored and cancelled technical standards, simplified the preparation of reports, lacked strict control over mineral quality, and even proposed to cancel the National Mineral Reserve Committee, which has not completely eliminated losses. During this period, the simplification of1∶ 200,000 regional geological survey report greatly reduced the geological information of specific regional geological survey, the reliability of regional geochemical survey data was questioned, and the information of mineral resources reserves appeared moisture. After entering the market economy period of reform and development, there is a misunderstanding that the market does not need strict technical standards, giving up or weakening the technical standards of geological work. Judging from the law of geological work, geological work is cognitive work. Because of the differences in thinking mode, knowledge level and information accumulation degree, people have different understandings and judgments on the same geological phenomenon. Technical regulations and codes try to unify working methods, contents and technical requirements to ensure the quality of geological work.

In China, establishing technical standards is one of the important functions of geological work management departments (mainly foreign trade associations), the main basis for technical management of geological work, the main means to ensure the quality of geological work, and the guarantee for implementing geological work in accordance with scientific laws.

Seven, the quality of geological team is the key to ensure the quality of geological work.

Because geological work is mainly completed by people's understanding and analysis, the geological work team is a knowledge-intensive collective and a highly concentrated team of highly educated people. The quality of personnel plays a key and leading role in ensuring the quality of geological work. In recent years, the decline in the quality of on-site technicians must be paid attention to. Geological work is a practical and exploratory work, which needs a process of accumulation, whether it is the acquisition of knowledge or information. As Minister Sun Daguang once pointed out, it takes about 40 years to train geological workers. However, at present, impetuous mood is also affecting our technical team, and some young technicians lack understanding of technical standards, which leads to the decline of geological work quality.

During the planned economy period, China has rich and valuable experience in establishing a high-quality geological work team and improving the quality of personnel. A large number of field practice, teaching practice, production practice and graduation practice of geological majors can cultivate geological complex of geological technicians and greatly improve their practical work ability in the field. In the deployment of geological work, relevant scientific research work can be deployed at the same time, and the organizational model of geological work combining teaching, scientific research and production can be implemented. Since the 1990s, due to the shrinking of geological work, the problem of declining personnel quality has become increasingly serious, especially the quality problems of frontline technicians in geological work, which are mainly manifested in the decline of field observation ability and neglect of geological research work. Besides professional quality, there are also problems in professional ethics.

At this stage, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of professional disciplines, especially to establish a capable team of experts in basic geology (stratigraphy, tectonics, rocks and paleontology), regional geology and mineral geology (minerals), with corresponding institutional guarantee, stable project support in operation, prevention of quick success and instant benefit in management, and ideological education of scientists to endure loneliness and improve treatment.

At present, with the rapid development of science and technology, especially information technology, information technology has penetrated into every major, every link and the whole process of geological work, so it is urgent to re-study and re-educate on-the-job geological technicians and management cadres.

Eight, international cooperation and exchange is an important condition for the development of geological work.

The characteristics of geology and the nature of geological work determine that international cooperation and exchange is one of the important conditions for the development of geological work. The earth is a whole, and the geological development history of a region is a part of the global geological development history. The geological conditions in China are closely related to the global geological structural conditions, and the geological structural units are not divided by national boundaries. The global Tethys metallogenic belt has always been a cross-border giant metallogenic belt, while the Altai metallogenic belt spans Russia, Kazakstan, China and Mongolia. When we study porphyry copper deposits, we have to pay attention to Australia, which is far away from us, and study the copper belt in Chile. This conforms to the law of geological work, and the development history of world geological work is a history of international cooperation.

At present, economic globalization needs international cooperation and interaction. Earth resources are shared by all mankind. The general trend of economic globalization is firstly the globalization of resources. We must objectively face the uneven global distribution of mineral resources and actively promote mutual cooperation and exchange of needed goods among countries in the world to achieve common development. It is necessary to re-examine the international cooperation and exchange of geological work in China from the development law of geological work.

In 1950s, Sino-Soviet cooperation brought us a set of regional geological survey methods, mineral resources exploration methods and reserve system, which laid a solid foundation for the geological work in new China. With the reform and opening up, we have carried out geological cooperation and exchanges with western developed countries and introduced advanced geological theories (such as plate tectonics and geodynamics). ), exploration techniques and methods, as well as geological work management experience, are integrated into the geological work in China, which promotes the development of geological work. 2/KLOC-0 Since the beginning of the century, the implementation of the strategy of "two resources, two markets" has provided opportunities for China's geological work to go abroad. Under the new situation, the international task of geological work in China is more arduous.

In the future, when carrying out international cooperation and exchanges, we should make full use of China's geological characteristics and each other's specialties, focus on strategic key areas and urgent geological problems or priority development directions, and carry out mutually beneficial multilateral and bilateral transnational cooperation and exchanges. Through international cooperation and exchange, combined with the geological conditions of China's unique areas, we will create or develop geological science theories, cultivate a group of new geological talents, occupy international frontier fields, improve the status of China's geological science, and transform China from a geological power to a geological power as soon as possible.