A paper on common social phenomena.

Female Education —— Home of Harmonious Population

Population harmony is an important foundation of social harmony, but the population problem still faces many difficulties and challenges. Female education is a "national" point to solve many population problems and realize population harmony. Based on this understanding, this paper expounds the theoretical and practical significance of women's education, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions on how to develop women's education healthily in the future and how to better promote social harmony and progress.

Female education; Population harmony; population problem

The population problem in China has gone through a long detour, and the policy of encouraging birth in the early days of the People's Republic of China lacked scientific prediction and demonstration, which led to a sharp increase in the total population of China in more than 20 years. Since the mid-1970s, a strong family planning policy has played a powerful role in curbing population growth. The average fertility rate of women of childbearing age in China has dropped from 5 to 6 children per capita in 1950s to 0/.7 children per capita at present. On the whole, however, the situation of China's population work in the new century is still grim, and four problems are the most prominent: (1) The population remains high. On June 6th, 2005, China announced that the total population reached 654.38+300 million, and now it still needs a net increase of more than 8 million people every year. (2) The population quality is not optimistic; (3) The problem of aging is puzzling; (4) The sex ratio of babies born is seriously unbalanced.

These problems make the population work in China have a long way to go in the coming decades. In his fable "My Skillful Cow Helps Me", Zhuangzi called the place where a cow's bones and muscles are intertwined "clan", which is the most difficult and crucial step in the process of slaughtering cattle. Once the clan is settled, the rest will be settled. Population work also has a "home". Looking at all aspects of population work, this "home" is women's education.

First, female education-the "mother's family" of population work

Women's education is called the "mother's family" of population work because it is of great significance to the population work in China and even the development of the whole society. The success or failure of women's education is directly related to the success or failure of population work in China. Specifically, there are the following points:

(1) Striving for women's right to education is a common choice for all countries to balance population and human rights.

Women are an indispensable "half" of human society, and their status is an important criterion to measure the progress of a country. In his letter to his friend Lu Kugman from 65438 to 0868, Marx said profoundly and humorously: "Without women's enzymes, there can be no great social change. Social progress can be accurately measured by the social status of women (including ugly women) ... "French socialist Fourier once said:" In any society, women's liberation is the measure of universal liberation. " In the process of women's liberation movement, women's organizations and their supporters won various rights for women, such as equal pay for equal work, universal education, helping the poor, shortening working hours, maternity allowance, women's participation in politics and so on. Among these rights, political rights are the most obvious and educational rights are the most basic.

(2) Female education is an inevitable requirement for China to achieve a harmonious gender ratio and build a harmonious society.

Since the beginning of the new century, building a harmonious society has become a new historical topic for our people. The inherent requirement of harmony is to solve contradictions in all aspects and realize the unity of opposites of various contradictions. Among all kinds of contradictions affecting social harmony, the population problem has to be mentioned. The population problem in China is full of difficulties. As mentioned above, its "race" lies in female education. The imbalance of the birth ratio between boys and girls, the decline of population, the improvement of quality, the rise of women's political status and the overall progress of society all depend on the solution of the "race" of women's education. Only when women's social status and living conditions improve can society achieve real equality between men and women, and only when men and women are in harmony can a harmonious society live up to its name. If a strong family planning policy is implemented in a patriarchal society, it will inevitably lead to a decline in the proportion of baby girls born and a distorted gender structure of the population. Only through women's education can we improve women's employment rate and social status, awaken women's equal gender consciousness, and avoid the preference for sons over daughters.

(3) Female education is an effective way to maintain the low fertility level in China.

Since 1975, China's compulsory birth control policy has played a powerful role in reducing the fertility rate. At present, the average fertility rate of women of childbearing age in China has dropped below 1.7 children per capita. However, this compulsory birth control method has also brought various negative consequences, such as the aging population, the decline in the birth rate of baby girls, and the serious psychological problems of the only child. Therefore, on the one hand, the next stage of population work should continue to consolidate the achievements of the previous stage, that is, to maintain the existing low fertility level, on the other hand, it should ensure the coordination between the quality of the newly added population and the gender structure, which requires vigorously developing female education. Looking at the history of population development in various countries, we find that the average fertility rate is generally low in countries and regions with high female education. In 1970s, the average number of children per woman in America was only about 1.7. At present, although the per capita fertility rate of American women has risen to more than 2, the average number of white women with college degrees is still only 1.7, and the fertility rate of black women with college degrees is even lower. In the neighboring countries and regions of Chinese mainland influenced by Confucian culture, the birth rate has been surprisingly low in recent years. From 2000 to 2005, the average life expectancy of women in Macau was 0.84, which was the lowest in the world, while that in Hong Kong was 0.94, the second lowest in the world, while that in South Korea was 1.23, ranking seventh in the world, and that in Japan was 1.33, ranking second1. There is no birth restriction policy in these areas, but the fertility rate is far below the level created by China's tough family planning policy, mainly because women in these areas have more opportunities for education and the concept of equality between men and women is more and more deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. With the development of economy and the improvement of women's education level, women have gained a lot of employment opportunities, changed the old concept of fertility, and more and more women have chosen careers and given up their traditional reproductive responsibilities. It can be seen that if the population of China wants to maintain a low fertility level, female education should also be included in the population work schedule as soon as possible.

(d) Female education is the key to improve the quality of the population.

The content of population quality includes physical and mental health quality, cultural quality and various abilities, which can be promoted and improved through female education. In contrast, women with higher education level are obviously more capable in the awareness of healthy childbearing and the cultivation of children. For children, a highly educated mother is equivalent to a well-trained tutor. Good cultural literacy and correct educational concepts will give children more room for development.

(5) Female education can optimize the population structure and escort economic and social development.

Economically speaking, women's education provides more workers and talents for the society to choose from. With their diligence and wisdom, women have also created great wealth for society. Relevant research has proved that there are very few jobs that are really "not suitable for women". Some unique physiological and psychological characteristics of women, such as responsibility, meticulous sensitivity, loyalty to the profession, endurance and strong sense of rules, make them do better than men in some fields. Facts have proved that women have played and will continue to play an indispensable role in China's economic development.

Second, ignoring women's education-the unbearable lightness of population work

Although female education plays an important role in population work, not many population workers or social workers really realize this. Ignoring women's education is related to backward gender concepts. In the feudal and backward gender concept, women are regarded as accessories and condiments of male society and as "second-class citizens" in fact. Today, discrimination against women and contempt for women's education are still everywhere. The deep-rooted preference for boys affects many people in China, even those who are quite high-level figures or people with considerable cultural literacy. While the China government was seeking countermeasures for the high unemployment rate, a leader (male) working in the central government publicly proposed "letting women go home". Wrong ideas will naturally lead to all kinds of strange phenomena that despise women. It is obvious that women's participation in politics in China is low. Even women who have already participated in political life can't play much practical role. In many official documents, it is claimed that the leading bodies are equipped with female cadres. Most of these female cadres are supporting roles in their work, and few women actually hold positions in a unit. In essence, it's not that women can't do it themselves, but that the environment makes them unable. The result of despising women must be to despise women's education. Most departments or industries that claim to be despised can cite specific data to illustrate the degree of their contempt. For example, the education department claimed that the national fiscal expenditure on education in 2006 was 475.27 billion yuan, accounting for only 2.27% of GDP in that year, less than 15% of fiscal expenditure. Compared with other developed countries or international basic standards, the gap is obvious. But so far there is no clear department in charge of women's education, and the relevant departments have not given much consideration, so we can't even come up with practical data to prove its existence. Only a part can be separated from the male-dominated education system, and then a part can be extracted from the work of women's federations and other relevant departments to examine women's education. From this, we find that there are several obvious problems in women's education in China at present: (1) killing or abandoning baby girls. In fact, this process began before the baby girl was born. (2) Girls drop out of school and abuse girls. Women in feudal society in China basically had no right to education. (3) Improper indoctrination of gender differences in education. (4) The male perspective of educational content. (5) Discrimination against women in employment and marriage. (6) Lack of vocational education and re-education for women. (7) improper methods of female education. Many people are confused about how to achieve gender equality. Many people dogmatically believe that gender equality means that men and women are exactly the same in all aspects.

Third, strengthen female education-a shortcut to promote population harmony.

In view of the above problems, female education should be significantly improved in the following four aspects:

(A) the concept is the most fundamental problem.

Ideas are the command tower of behavior, and the crux of all problems always lies in the incorrect or inappropriate ideas. On the issue of women's education, the incorrect understanding and attitude towards women's education fundamentally leads to the lag of women's education. To make women's education reach its due level, we must first change the concept of women's education. (1) Change women's educational view. The success of female education ultimately depends on the awakening of the educated themselves. Only when women realize the importance of education to change their own destiny can they change from passive education to active consultation, and gain their due social status and the right to participate in social affairs with constantly improving quality. (2) Changing the concept of female educators. All workers involved in women's education should have a correct understanding of women's education. They should not regard women's education as a foil and supplement to male society, but should educate women as a truly equal group with men, and this concept and understanding should run through the whole process of education. (3) Changing the social orientation and evaluation of female education. Public opinion orientation is very important for women's education, and correct public opinion orientation and concept indoctrination will constantly impact the educational model of patriarchal preference. The change of society's understanding of women's education depends not only on the vigorous propaganda of population workers and women workers, but also on the change and active cooperation of the whole society, which can be said to be an out-and-out national project.

(b) To stipulate and protect women's right to education

In this regard, population workers and women workers in China have made some efforts. For example, the "Spring Bud Plan" with the main purpose of helping out-of-school girls and a series of love projects with the theme of helping poor mothers have been implemented. The future work mainly includes: (1) caring for baby girls and protecting girls' right to education; (2) Caring for mothers and safeguarding women's rights and interests; (3) Re-growth of professional women. Alderfer, a management scientist, believes that people will go through a growing process when they enter a certain work department. Through continuous learning in the process of work, personal responsibility, independence and innovation will become more and more mature. This rule also applies to women.

(c) Women's education should pay attention to the change of educational content.

At present, although there are a few girls' schools in China, the teaching content is not much different from other schools. In order to achieve better results in women's education, we must pay attention to the changes in educational content: (1) change the content of textbooks featuring men; (2) There should be gender differences in vocational education, but the differences do not mean that men are higher than women; (3) The content of education should be more suitable for women to learn and master. There are differences in psychological characteristics between men and women. For example, women are more likely to accept perceptual and aesthetic things. Therefore, in the process of women's education, we should arrange more educational contents according to women's psychological characteristics, so as to make women interested, accepted and mastered.

(d) Ways to improve women's education

The methods of education are ever-changing, good methods can get twice the result with half the effort, and inappropriate methods will make the educated feel disgusted. For example, we ask mothers of families with many children to state their plight to women of childbearing age, which may be far better than a hundred slogans prohibiting family planning. Women's education should constantly improve educational methods, and the content of education can be more accurately mastered by the educated. According to the psychological characteristics of women, the methods that are more suitable for women to accept and recommend mainly include: case teaching method, situational teaching method, interactive teaching method, group task method and so on. Comparatively speaking, deduction, debate and recitation are not so popular with women.

In a word, women's education is the "ethnic group" in China's population work. With the dissolution of this "ethnic group", many other related population problems will also be effectively solved. Female education is not only the right and social welfare that women should enjoy, but also a convenient way for our society to solve the population problem and build a harmonious society.