What is graffiti?

The word "graffiti" was first used by Lu Tong in the Tang Dynasty to say that his son was naughty when he scribbled, and the allusion came from "Yuchuan Subset". Yun Tian Ding ":

Lu Tong has a son named Tianding, who likes to scribble and often makes Lu Tong's books dirty and messy. Therefore, Lu Tong wrote a poem: "Suddenly, he turned over the case and inked it, smearing poetry books like an old crow." Describe his son's naughty and his helplessness vividly.

Later, people got the word "graffiti" from Lutong's poems, which has been passed down to this day.

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Graffiti: What we commonly call graffiti also has the Greek word "graffiti is there".

The most agreed statement is that graffiti originated in Philadelphia and Pennsylvania, USA in 1966. At first, graffiti did not have the concept of sketches, but simply wrote labels, and the labels of these graffiti authors were not only their nicknames, but also their house numbers. Until the late 197 1- 1974, more and more writers began to study fonts and effects. In the 1980s, writers began to study. Up to now, writers have more ways and means. Let people know him or her, video grafting, cyberspace, etc. ...

Graffiti art, like hip-hop music, originated in Bronx, new york. The Bronx is the only block connected with the United States and the poorest block in new york. Since the 1960s, it has been occupied by blacks and Latinos from Central and North America. They live in a poorly equipped apartment for the poor built by the government, with dilapidated streets and overgrown weeds outside.

Years of poverty have made black teenagers extremely worship money, and becoming a professional athlete is a shortcut for them to get rich quickly. During that time, several basketball courts in the Bronx often saw groups of black boys playing basketball with bare arms, and many of them wore gold necklaces with thick fingers around their necks. The worship of money makes showing off wealth in public become a fashion in the Bronx. Of course, many teenagers have started to engage in illegal businesses, such as drug trafficking and pimping.

Doing these illegal things is likely to be caught by the police or targeted by street hooligans So these people organized gangs to protect themselves. Numerous underworld organizations have sprung up in the Bronx, such as primitive skeleton, savage ronin, javelin team, royal wizard, seven crowns and so on. At that time, many young people joined various gangs in order to find a sense of belonging. In their naive imagination, gangs are just like those described in Bruce Lee's movies. A group of people unite to fight with their opponents and build eternal friendship in the process of fighting.

During that time, the Bronx was full of crooked gang symbols, mixed with obscene patterns like "toilet literature" American newspapers described the Bronx as "like a primitive settlement". No wonder some people associate graffiti with primitive people, because the earliest words and paintings of human beings are carved on walls, and those murals are the only records of civilization left by prehistoric people. But with the appearance of paper, murals have become a symbol of uncivilized. Especially after the appearance of the city, modern people seem to have become accustomed to the smoothness of the building surface, and any pattern has become a kind of destruction and an anti-civilization spiritual pollution.

If Bronx murals stay in the era of gang labels forever, then future generations may have nothing to say. However, out of dissatisfaction with the simple gang labels, several people with painting talent began to design new labels themselves, and since then these gang symbols have become beautiful. Later, a group of rebellious non-gang painters finally realized that the wall is the cheapest and most practical canvas in the world, and they started to act. Since then, a new art form-"graffiti" was born.

Most real graffiti artists have nothing to do with gangs They are all poor people at the bottom, and paint cans and paints are stolen from shops. They are all thoughtful people, so a warning motto appeared on the wall of new york. They are all talented people, and there are many fresh brushstrokes in painting (especially fine arts fonts). More importantly, they are a group of people who express their desires. They are willing to haunt new york in the dark all the year round, without pay, just to let pedestrians have a look at their works. In order to draw a clear line with the gang's "noters" and simple graffiti, they called themselves "writers" rather than "painters".

In order not to be caught by the police, but also to add a mystery to their works, these "writers" all designed a signature for themselves. Most of their signatures are simple words with numerical suffixes. The first "writer" mentioned in the newspaper was named "Taki 183", and that article appeared in the The New York Times of 197 1. The protagonist's real name is Demetrius, Taki is the Greek abbreviation of Demetrius, and 183 is the name of the street where he lives. That report is the first serious article about graffiti culture.

Soon, the graffiti people were not satisfied with the motionless wall, and they came up with the idea of subway cars. New york has the most developed subway system in the world, and the tracks are all over new york like streets. At that time, new york residents who were on the morning shift were often surprised to find that the subway car that was fine last night suddenly turned into a mobile graffiti exhibition, which was covered with colorful patterns. Those letters are like bubbles, full of movement. Best of all, when I changed trains, it was still the same pattern! So they remembered a signature: the second stage.

These two issues were the most famous graffiti painters in the early 1970s. His original name was Lonnie Wood, and he graduated from Clinton Middle School in the Bronx. This middle school used to be a meeting place for early graffiti painters. Not far from here is the parking lot of new york Transportation Bureau, where scrapped subway cars are stored. So the parking lot became a place for them to practice their hands. Wood is a very talented black man. His "Bubble Letter" is the best representative of graffiti style in Bronx, and is known as Miles Davis (a famous jazz trumpeter) in the graffiti world.

After the second phase, new york's graffiti has undergone many style changes, and a series of new ideas have emerged, such as three-dimensional letters and train animation (a series of character animations, after the subway train starts, the characters move). A group of talented graffiti artists became stars, such as Super KOOL 223, El Marco 174, Staff 16 1, Cliff 159, Flint 707 and so on. Lindsay, the mayor of new york at that time, turned a blind eye to this because there were many things far more important than graffiti waiting for him to deal with in the chaotic city of new york. The laissez-faire of the municipal government is an important reason for the development of graffiti and even the whole hip-hop culture.

New york's so-called "upper class" artists have tried many times to take graffiti as their own. Several art dealers once held a large graffiti exhibition in SoHo district of Manhattan 1973, which attracted the attention of many media. They asked graffiti artists to paint their works on canvas and put them in the exhibition hall for sale at a price. As a result, it is conceivable that this exhibition was despised by critics. Those art dealers ignore the fact that only those works painted on the walls of apartments or outside subway cars are real graffiti.

Later, a man named Freddie organized a group of graffiti artists to sell in a punk rock club in lower new york, and achieved certain success. Summer, one of his graffiti artists, won great popularity with his excellent skills and personal charm. The Brooklyn-born painter's real name is Jean Michel Basquiat. He made great achievements in graffiti, canvas painting and later three-dimensional sculpture. More importantly, he himself has been living a bohemian life and is a living graffiti work. New York Beat Movie, a documentary with him as the background, truly recorded his day's life and left valuable information for future generations. Unfortunately, Basqui died of drug overdose on 1988. Later generations often compare him with rock veteran jimi hendrix.

After this short revival, graffiti disappeared in America. The increasingly strict management of the government makes graffiti people tremble with fear, and the imitation of graffiti skills by advertisers makes graffiti people completely lose their motivation. However, graffiti is still in the ascendant in other lax cities in the world. The live broadcast of 1989 made many people appreciate the graffiti masterpiece on the Berlin Wall for the first time. Whether it is Madrid in Europe or Buenos Aires in South America, graffiti artists' works can still be seen in the streets and subway stations.