Brief introduction of birth defect prevention day

Directory 1 pinyin 2 core information of health education on birth defect prevention 3 health education brochure on birth defect prevention 4 birth defect prevention plan 5 previous topics of birth defect prevention 6 reference 1 pinyin yü fá ng ch sh ng qu ü xi à n r

September 12 every year is the birth defect prevention day [1].

2 Prevention and treatment of birth defects The core information of health education is that birth defects refer to the abnormal body structure, function or metabolism before birth, which is the main cause of early abortion, stillbirth, infant death and congenital disability. Extensive social propaganda and health education, popularizing eugenics' health knowledge and skills, and improving public health literacy are important contents of three-level prevention of birth defects, and are also one of the most fundamental, economical and effective measures to prevent birth defects and improve the quality of birth population and the health level of women and children. "Healthy China Action (20 19-2030)" issued by the State Council clearly put "actively learning and mastering the knowledge of birth defects prevention and control" into the evaluation index system as an advocacy index suitable for individuals and society. The national basic public health service project also takes birth defect prevention knowledge as an important content of health education. In order to further strengthen the health education on birth defects prevention and control, and further promote the comprehensive prevention and control of birth defects and the construction of a healthy China, the National Health and Health Commission has compiled 20 core messages on health education on birth defects prevention and control, which will be disseminated to the society through health administrative departments at all levels, medical and health institutions, social organizations and mass media. , for the masses, especially couples of childbearing age to learn and use.

First, it is forbidden to marry close relatives to reduce the risk of hereditary diseases.

Innate marriage refers to the marriage between lineal blood relatives and collateral blood relatives within three generations. Lineal blood relatives include parents and children, grandparents and grandchildren, grandparents and grandchildren. Collateral blood relatives within three generations include uncles (aunts) and nephews (daughters) of brothers and sisters, uncles (aunts) and nephews (daughters), and cousins (sisters). The closer the blood relationship, the higher the risk of hereditary diseases.

Two, both men and women who are ready to get married should take the initiative to accept pre-marital medical examination and other pre-marital health care services.

Premarital medical examination is different from routine health examination. Both men and women should take the initiative to receive premarital medical examination, health guidance and health consultation in medical institutions before marriage registration, focusing on serious hereditary diseases, designated infectious diseases, related mental diseases and other diseases that affect marriage and childbirth.

Third, advocate childbearing at the right age and avoid pregnancy at an advanced age.

Pregnant women over the age of 35 will increase the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes such as pregnancy-induced hypertension, diabetes, abortion and fetal birth defects.

Fourth, advocate planned pregnancy and reduce unintended pregnancy.

Couples who have no pregnancy plan should actively adopt scientific and appropriate contraceptive methods to reduce the occurrence of unplanned pregnancy and abortion and protect fertility.

Develop a healthy lifestyle and get pregnant scientifically.

Eat reasonably, exercise moderately, maintain an appropriate weight, work and rest regularly, relax, quit smoking and drinking, avoid exposure to second-hand smoke, stay away from drugs and addictive drugs, and develop healthy living habits and behaviors.

Six, improve the awareness of self-protection, avoid contact with toxic and harmful substances.

Avoid contact with lead, mercury, benzene, formaldehyde, pesticides and other toxic and harmful substances before and during pregnancy, and avoid contact with radiation. Close contact with cats, dogs and other animals is not advisable.

Seven, couples who plan to get pregnant should accept pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination.

Through the pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination, the risk factors that may affect pregnancy can be found early, and intervention measures can be taken in time to reduce the risk of birth defects. You can consult the local medical institutions about the policy of free pre-pregnancy eugenics health examination.

Eight, couples with a family history of genetic diseases or a history of adverse pregnancy should go to medical institutions to receive targeted counseling and guidance.

Pregnant couples in one of the following circumstances should go to medical institutions to receive targeted counseling and guidance: family members have hereditary diseases, have had birth defects, and have a history of repeated abortion or stillbirth.

Nine, actively treat their own diseases and maintain good breeding conditions.

Women who plan to get pregnant should be actively treated if they suffer from cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, thyroid diseases, lung diseases, mental disorders and autoimmune diseases. And then wait until the disease is cured or the condition is stable before getting pregnant. Scientific medication should be taken under the guidance of a doctor during pregnancy.

Ten, careful use of drugs during pregnancy, if necessary, should be carried out under the guidance of a doctor.

Diseases during pregnancy may adversely affect the health of mother and fetus. Pregnant women should seek medical treatment in time and use drugs rationally under the guidance of doctors. They can neither take drugs without authorization, nor refuse to take necessary drugs because they are too worried about the impact of drugs on the fetus.

Eleven, supplement small doses of folic acid to prevent fetal neural tube defects.

Pregnant women should take 0.4 mg folic acid or multivitamin containing 0.4 mg folic acid every day from the third month before pregnancy, at least until the third month after pregnancy, so as to reduce the risk of fetal neural tube defects. Regarding the policy of free folic acid collection, you can consult the local maternal and child health care institutions.

Twelve, couples in areas with high incidence of thalassemia should be screened for thalassemia.

People in Fujian, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan and other regions have higher thalassemia (thalassemia) gene carrying rate. Both husband and wife should take the initiative to receive thalassemia screening before marriage, pregnancy or pregnancy, and the sooner the better, know whether they carry thalassemia gene. The screened high-risk couples should be diagnosed before delivery to avoid the birth of severe thalassemia.

Thirteen, timely filing card, regular prenatal examination.

Pregnant women should establish pregnancy health care files (books, cards) 12 weeks to medical institutions, conduct regular prenatal examinations, and timely grasp the health status of pregnant women and fetuses. At least five prenatal examinations should be conducted during the whole pregnancy, and those with abnormal conditions should increase the number of prenatal examinations under the guidance of doctors.

Fourteen, a reasonable diet during pregnancy, balanced nutrition, and maintain moderate weight growth.

During pregnancy, we should adhere to food diversification, reasonable diet, balanced nutrition and maintain moderate weight gain. Appropriately increase the intake of high-quality protein and vitamins such as milk, fish, poultry, eggs, lean meat, vegetables and fruits, and supplement nutrients such as calcium and iron under the guidance of doctors.

Fifteen, the first prenatal examination should be screened for AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B.

AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B virus can spread through the placenta, leading to fetal infection. * * * Provide pregnant women with free screening for AIDS, syphilis and hepatitis B to prevent mother-to-child transmission of the disease.

Sixteen, the second trimester should receive prenatal ultrasound screening, timely detection of serious fetal structural abnormalities.

Prenatal ultrasound screening should be carried out at 16 ~ 24 weeks of pregnancy, and the best screening time is 20 ~ 24 weeks of pregnancy. If ultrasound screening indicates that there is abnormal fetal structure, you should go to a medical institution with prenatal diagnosis qualification for further examination in time.

Seventeen, pregnancy should receive prenatal screening for Down syndrome.

Children with Down syndrome have severe and irreversible mental retardation and cannot take care of themselves. Pregnant women should be informed to choose prenatal screening for Down's syndrome in medical institutions from 1222 weeks of pregnancy. Pregnant women over the age of 35 should go to qualified medical institutions for prenatal diagnosis.

Eighteen, newborns should receive timely screening for related diseases after birth.

Neonates should be screened for phenylketonuria, congenital hypothyroidism and hearing impairment in time after birth, so as to promote the early detection, diagnosis and treatment of congenital diseases and reduce children's disability. Screening diseases vary from place to place, so you can consult local medical institutions.

Nineteen, children aged 0-6 should receive child health care services regularly.

Newborns received home visits from medical staff 1 week after discharge. Children should receive child health care services at 1, 3, 6, 8, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36 months and 4, 5 and 6 years old, and monitor their growth and development. Anyone who finds abnormal body structure, function or metabolism should seek medical advice in time.

Twenty, children with birth defects should receive timely treatment and rehabilitation training.

Children with birth defects should go to medical institutions for treatment and rehabilitation training in time to improve their health and quality of life. You can consult local medical institutions about the policy of benefiting the people in the prevention and treatment of birth defects.

3. The core information manual of birth defect prevention and health education. Extension of portable document format file (abbreviation of portable document format)

4. Birth Defects Prevention and Control Plan "National Comprehensive Prevention and Control Plan for Birth Defects"

5. Past theme of birth defect prevention and treatment 20 19? Early Prevention of Birth Defects, Healthy China I Act.

20 18 prevention and treatment of birth defects, helping health and poverty alleviation

20 17? The army and the people are United, so that love is perfect.

20 16? Prevent birth defects and set sail for life and health.

20 15? Prevention and treatment of birth defects, nursing of sick children