Give me some information about Du Yuesheng of Hengshe,

Du Yuesheng (1888 8.22-1951 8.16), originally named Yuesheng, was later renamed Yong and given the name Yuesheng at the suggestion of Zhang Taiyan, a master of Chinese studies (from "Zhou Li Taisi Yue Shu": the music of the West is Yong, the music of the East is Yong) The music is Sheng), one of the most famous figures in the Shanghai Youth Gang in modern times.

The gang tycoon of old Shanghai (2 photos) Du Yuesheng[1] was born on August 22, 1888, in the Du family home in Gaoqiao South, Chuansha, Shanghai (now Pudong New District, Shanghai). Before the age of four, his mother and father died one after another, and he was raised by his stepmother and uncle. At the age of fourteen, he first arrived as an apprentice at the Hong Yuansheng Fruit Shop in Shiliupu, Shanghai. He worked with gangsters and gangsters day and night, and was addicted to gambling. He was soon expelled. Later, he worked as a clerk at Pan Yuansheng Fruit Shop. At that time, he worshiped Chen Shichang of the Youth Gang as the old man. Chen Shichang, then a gangster leader in the Xiaodongmen area, was nicknamed "Fu Sheng, the fortune-teller". He belonged to the "Tong" generation in the Qinggang, and Du Yuesheng ranked in the "Wu" generation. Through the relationship between Chen Shichang and others, Du Yuesheng got the opportunity to enter the Huanghuang Rong Mansion, which was the leader of Shanghai Youth Gang at that time. Because Du was clever, cunning and considerate, he quickly gained the appreciation of Huang Jinrong, then the head of the Chinese detectives in the French Concession and a leading figure in the underworld, and became his confidant. He was promoted from a "commissioner" to an opium "transporter" and was responsible for operating the law. "Gongxing Club", one of the three major casinos in the concession. Du Yuesheng quickly became the most powerful person in the opium transportation industry because of his ability to form alliances with warlords. In July 1925, under the protection of the concession and the warlord authorities, Du Yuesheng established the "Sanxin Company" to monopolize the opium transportation in the French Concession, and became one of the "Three Tycoons of Shanghai" together with Huang Jinrong and Zhang Xiaolin. Sterling Seagrave described the smooth "global network" of Du Yuesheng's opium sales in "The Song Dynasty": A lot of Du Yuesheng's heroin entered the French market through official channels, because the Shanghai French Concession was managed by Hanoi , rather than being directly managed by Paris, this constitutes a shady transportation network from Shanghai to Hanoi, Saigon and then to the Marseille underworld. This network is controlled by the powerful "Corsican Federation" of the Corsican people. A more popular name for this association is the "Mafia". According to Seagrave's records, some people even believed that Du Yuesheng made seven of the eight packages of heroin in the world at that time. In the same year, Du Yuesheng served as chairman of the General Federation of Chambers of Commerce in the French Concession and as supervisor of the Chinese Taxpayers Association. Du Yuesheng's wives (4 photos) Among the three tycoons in Shanghai, there is a saying that "Huang Jinrong is greedy for money, Zhang Xiaolin is good at fighting, and Du Yuesheng knows how to be a good person". Compared with Huang and Zhang Lai, Du Yuesheng is indeed more skillful. He is good at coordinating the relationship between the various factions in the underworld, and is good at handling the relationship with the warlords of various factions. He is good at collecting money and good at dispersing it. He amassed a large amount of money through activities such as selling opium and opening gambling tables, and then used these ill-gotten gains to win over various figures in society, from political dignitaries, literati to gang backbones. Du Yuesheng also did things to win people's hearts. For example, he purchased potions to prevent infectious diseases for many years and delivered them to his hometown in Pudong for free distribution on a household basis. Whenever disasters occurred in Shanghai and nearby areas, he would come forward to organize relief; sometimes he pretended to protect the interests of workers. image, mediating labor disputes, etc. He changed from the traditional gangster's attire of wearing shorts, rings on his hands, and rolled-up sleeves. Instead, he wore a long gown and dressed elegantly in all seasons, giving people a gentle and elegant image. Because he treated the outgoing president Li Yuanhong kindly in Shanghai, Li Yuanhong's secretary-general specially wrote a couplet: "There are three thousand guests under Chunshen's family, and the sky is five feet south of Xiaodu City." Therefore, he was touted by his party members as the "contemporary Chun Shenjun". He is arty and has many celebrities. The great scholar Zhang Taiyan, the famous scholar Yang Du, and the famous lawyer Qin Liankui are all his guests. As a result, Du Yuesheng's social status continued to improve. In April 1927, Du Yuesheng, Huang Jinrong, and Zhang Xiaolin organized the Chinese Communist Party and acted as thugs for Chiang Kai-shek to suppress the revolutionary movement. On the evening of April 11, he designed and killed Wang Shouhua, the leader of the Shanghai workers' movement, and then ordered gangsters to suppress the workers' pickets. He thus gained support from Chiang Kai-shek. After the establishment of the Nanjing government, he served as an adviser to the General Headquarters of the Army, Navy and Air Force, a major general counselor to the Military Commission and a counselor to the Executive Yuan. Although this was a false title, it helped to improve his social status. In September of the same year, he was appointed as the temporary Chinese director of the French Concession's public affairs bureau. In 1929, he was appointed as the Chinese director of the public affairs bureau. This is the highest position for Chinese in the French Concession. In 1929, Du Yuesheng founded Zhonghui Bank and became involved in Shanghai's financial industry. By making friends with famous figures in the financial world such as Xu Xinliu, Chen Guangfu, and Tang Shoumin, his banking business was quite prosperous.

The original site of Du Mansion (17 photos) Starting in 1930, Du Yuesheng bought 50 acres of land in his hometown, carried out extensive construction work, and built the Du family ancestral hall. From June 8 to 10, 1931, the inauguration ceremony of the family sacrifice and the ceremony of "entering the Lord into the temple" were held. Chiang Kai-shek personally sent a plaque with the words "Filial piety is not lacking" to congratulate him. The honor guard, numbering 5,000 people, set out from the Du Mansion in the French Concession and stretched for several miles. They patrolled to clear the way and played drums and music. Du Temple held a banquet for three days, with thousands of tables every day. Party and state dignitaries including Songhu Security Commander Xiong Shihui and Shanghai Mayor Zhang Qun all presented plaques. The ostentation was huge, the expense was huge, and it was a great moment. After the banquet was over, this luxurious ancestral hall became the largest underground morphine and heroin processing factory in the Far East. In 1932, Du Yuesheng began to organize Hengshe, and the opening ceremony was held on February 25, 1933. Du Yuesheng appointed himself as honorary chairman. The name of the society is taken from the allusion of "Eternal as the Moon". It is a civil society in name, with the purpose of "promoting morality, advocating morality and righteousness, trusting and helping each other, serving the society, and being loyal to the country". In fact, it is a gang organization. Du Yuesheng used this to recruit many disciples and extend his influence to all aspects of society. When Hengshe was first established, there were more than 130 people. By 1937, it had more than 520 people. It was the Shanghai Party Headquarters of the Kuomintang and the Shanghai Social Bureau. People from the press, film industry and many other fields participated. In 1934, Du Yuesheng served as president of the local association. In July 1937, Japanese imperialism launched the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, and in August, it launched the August 13 Incident to attack Shanghai. The people of Shanghai, like the people of the whole country, devoted themselves to the heroic and tragic struggle against Japan. Driven by the national people's demand to resist Japan, Du Yuesheng participated in the Shanghai Anti-Enemy Support Association from all walks of life, serving as a member of the presidium and director of the fundraising committee. He participated in labor force activities, raised a large amount of towels, cigarettes, and canned food and sent them to the Anti-Enemy Support Association. He obtained some communication equipment and armored vehicles that were urgently needed by the army and gave them to the Chinese generals. At the request of Pan Hannian, the representative of the Eighth Route Army in Shanghai, he donated one thousand gas masks imported from foreign countries to the Eighth Route Army for use. In 1937, after the fall of Shanghai, Du Yuesheng refused the Japanese's solicitation and moved to Hong Kong in November. In Hong Kong, he used his gang connections to continue his activities. He served as the vice president of the Red Cross Society of China, a standing member of the Relief Committee, and a chairman of the Shanghai Party and Government Unification Working Committee. He was engaged in intelligence, planning and assassination of traitors and other activities. The most famous one is that his disciples in Shanghai assisted the military reunification agents in killing the traitor and pseudo-Shanghai mayor Fu Xiao'an with a sword. In 1940, he organized the People's Action Committee, a joint organization of various gangs in China with the support of the Kuomintang. Du Yuesheng was the main person in charge, thus effectively becoming the overall leader of Chinese gangs. After the outbreak of the Pacific War in December 1941, Du Yuesheng moved to Chongqing and established the Hengshe Headquarters to develop his power in the rear area. He organized China Trading Trust Company, Tongji Company, etc. to exchange materials with occupied areas and enrich himself. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Du Yuesheng returned to Shanghai in early September 1945, harvested his old troops and regrouped. At this time, since the concession had been taken back and the Kuomintang forces could operate openly, the role of gangs was no longer as important as before. In December 1946, the Shanghai Senate elected the speaker. After many activities, Du Yuesheng was elected speaker with the highest number of votes. However, because the Kuomintang did not support him, he resigned immediately after being elected. Since then, he has devoted himself to developing his power in various industries such as industry and commerce, finance, transportation, culture, education, journalism, etc., and has served as various chairman, president, managing director, and school director for sixty or seventy times. In the spring of 1948, he participated in the "Constitutional Congress" convened by the National Government and supported Chiang Kai-shek as president. In order to save the serious financial crisis, Chiang Kai-shek sent Chiang Ching-kuo to Shanghai to implement market value reforms, issued gold yuan coupons, and required the public to exchange all legal foreign currencies and gold and silver they held into gold yuan coupons. Du Yuesheng's son Du Weiping did not fully comply with the instructions and was arrested by Chiang Ching-kuo for speculation and was later sentenced to six months in prison. After this incident, Du Yuesheng understood that his situation in Shanghai was over. In April 1949, the People's Liberation Army won consecutive victories in the Liberation War, and the liberation of Shanghai was just around the corner. On May 1, Du Yuesheng fled to Hong Kong with her family in panic. He died of illness in Hong Kong on August 16, 1951, at the age of 63.

Contribution to editing this paragraph

In mainland newspapers and books, people often see words about Du Du Yuesheng, the leader of the old Shanghai Youth Gang

Yue Sheng, Most of them mentioned his various misdeeds, and occasionally mentioned that Du was loyal and courageous and made some contributions in the Anti-Japanese War. Perhaps this is also another side of the life of the stained underworld leader.

"Beijing Daily" published an article and asked Zhu Xiaoping, deputy director of the editorial department of "Home and Overseas" magazine, to interpret this legendary figure's contribution to the Anti-Japanese War. The article stated that Du Yuesheng was the leader of the Shanghai Youth Gang (also known as the Anqing Gang) in old China. Chiang Kai-shek seized power in the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup in 1927. Du Yuesheng played a key role in the coup. He hired gangsters to send banners and smoke to the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions, and tricked and killed Wang Shouhua, chairman of the Federation of Trade Unions and a member of the Communist Party of China. etc., which resulted in the 800,000 members of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions being leaderless, and thousands of workers were caught off guard and killed by Chiang Kai-shek. As the big boss of the old Shanghai underworld, Du Yuesheng has many stains on his body, but he is not completely black. During the Anti-Japanese War, he served as the vice-president of the Red Cross Society of China for many years and did some useful charity work. Especially when he was the vice-president, it was around the time of the Anti-Japanese War. He made important contributions to rescuing wounded soldiers, transporting supplies, and establishing resistance forces. contributed. The article believes that Du Yuesheng made four major contributions in the Anti-Japanese War. After the outbreak of the all-out Anti-Japanese War, Du Yuesheng organized the Shanghai Rescue Committee in the name of Vice President of the Red Cross Society of China and rescued tens of thousands of soldiers and civilians injured in the anti-Japanese war. On August 13, 1937, the Japanese invaders launched an all-out attack on Shanghai, and the Shanghai defenders rose up to resist the war. In the name of Vice President of the Red Cross Society of China, Du Yuesheng united various groups to organize the Shanghai Rescue Committee. At the same time, he established 10 rescue teams, 13 first aid teams, and 24 temporary rescue hospitals. He also collected 98 ambulance vehicles and made a special appointment. , 16 private hospitals accommodate injured soldiers and civilians. According to statistics, the rescue and transportation medical work led by Du Yuesheng has rescued 44,398 injured soldiers and civilians in the anti-Japanese war. After that, Du Yuesheng planned to set up serious injury hospitals in Songjiang, Kunshan, Suzhou, Wuxi, Hangzhou, Nanjing and other places. Each year, the hospitals would treat as few as 200 to 300 injured people and as many as 3000 to 4000 people. After the fall of Nanjing, most of the staff of the Red Cross Society of China and various localities retreated to Hankou. Du Yuesheng personally flew to Hankou, agreed on rescue policies with relevant government departments, established a temporary rescue committee in Hankou, and set up 37 medical teams, which were later gradually increased to 178 teams due to needs, with nearly 3,000 staff members. According to statistics, by the end of the Anti-Japanese War, the total number of soldiers and civilians rescued by the Red Cross had reached 2.6 million. This considerable achievement is inseparable from the efforts of the Red Cross staff, but Du Yuesheng's leadership role cannot be ignored. Many of the supplies and vehicles needed for rescue work came from Du's call, and he did not rule out his own "relief of disasters by destroying homes." At this point, he played a big role in calling on the groups he could influence, including his gang organizations, to donate to the war. During the Anti-Japanese War, he persisted in Shanghai, including participating in the work of the Anti-Enemy Support Association. It was not until Shanghai fell in November that he secretly retreated. During the Anti-Japanese War in Shanghai, he and General Dai Li co-founded an armed guerrilla force of 10,000 people to cooperate with the regular army and participate in the Anti-Japanese War. Another major event Du Yuesheng did during the Anti-Japanese War in Shanghai was to co-found the " The Jiangsu-Zhejiang Action Committee Einsatzgruppe" participated in the Anti-Japanese War. Although Dai Li took the fight against the Chinese Communist Party as his own mission throughout his life, during the Anti-Japanese War, his ideological tendency basically belonged to the young warrior camp of the Huangpu Clan who took the lead in fighting. At this point, "No one can be as patriotic as me." Du Yuesheng is consistent with him. The two were close friends and had political knowledge in the fight against Japan, so they agreed to establish an armed guerrilla force of 10,000 people in Shanghai, based on gangs and workers, to cooperate with the regular army in combat, and to be responsible for suppressing the guerrillas. Spy and rape prevention and other work. Du Yuesheng donated 5,000 speed machine pistols at his own expense, and used his influence to mobilize gang members, workers, students, shop assistants, and unemployed young people to join the army. In October, this guerrilla force, which was hastily established in just one month, cooperated with the regular army to fight the Japanese invaders in Shanghai Nan City and both sides of the Suzhou River. Although their combat effectiveness was poor, most of their members were extremely brave and tenacious and made sacrifices for the Chinese nation's war of resistance. . According to subsequent statistics, more than 1,500 Einsatzgruppen soldiers died in the battle and more than 500 were injured. It is said that Du Yuesheng was quite sad. He did not feel sorry for the money, but pitied the young people who sacrificed their lives for the country, many of whom were his apprentices. After the Board of Directors of the Red Cross Society of China moved to Hong Kong, Du Yuesheng personally took charge of the work and raised funds for rescue projects. In the spring of 1938, the Board of Directors of the Red Cross Society of China moved to Hong Kong. Du Yuesheng personally took charge of the work and established a head office to receive overseas donations. supplies, and at the same time raise funds for rescue operations. It can be said that Du Yuesheng was very hardworking at this time. At that time, the Kuomintang government also established a Central Relief Committee.

After the "August 13th" Anti-Japanese War, Chiang Kai-shek appointed Du Yuesheng as a member of the Standing Committee of the Association, responsible for the work of the Ninth Relief Area in Guangdong, Guangxi, and Fujian provinces. For the convenience of work, Du Yuesheng co-located the Ninth Relief Zone Office and the Red Cross Society of China on Austin Road, Kowloon, Hong Kong. His residence is also here, and he has a room in the largest hotel in Hong Kong, dedicated to contacting all parties. . At that time, Du Yuesheng received the materials donated by overseas Chinese during the War of Resistance and relief supplies for refugees and transported them to Hankou or Chongqing. At the same time, Du was also responsible for cooperating with Dai Li to collect intelligence from the occupied areas and eliminate traitors and instigate rebellion. It is said that another gang leader in Shanghai, Zhang Xiaolin, surrendered to the enemy and was assassinated, which was also related to Du Yuesheng. In addition, Gao Zongwu and Tao Xisheng, who caused a sensation at home and abroad, broke away from the Wang Puppet Group and announced the "Wang Puppet Secret Agreement". It was also the rebellion of Du Yuesheng and Dai Li. After the fall of Hong Kong, Du Yuesheng retreated to Chongqing and took charge of the Red Cross Society's affairs, handling forward rescue, rear air raid rescue, medical care and other work. At the beginning of the Anti-Japanese War, most of the overseas supplies were transferred to China through Hong Kong. Du Yuesheng engaged in beauty pageants

, Du Yuesheng handled the reception and transfer in the name of the Red Cross, and made some contributions to the cause of the Anti-Japanese War. After the fall of Hong Kong, the Red Cross Headquarters moved to Chongqing in 1940, and Du Yuesheng also retreated to Chongqing to preside over conference affairs and handle forward rescue, rear air raid rescue, and medical care. In 1942, Du Yuesheng prepared to build Chongqing Hospital. At that time, it had 300 beds and complete equipment in various departments. It was the most advanced wartime rear hospital at the time and was praised by public opinion. In addition, Du Yuesheng also did a lot of work in searching, purchasing and transporting strategic materials. After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Du Yuesheng returned to Shanghai to supervise the demobilization work in Shanghai, and assisted in the restoration and strengthening of the organization of the Shanghai Red Cross Branch, which laid the foundation for the society to promote various social service work. After the 1950s, Du Yuesheng lived in Hong Kong. In 1952, before his death, he said to his wife: "Take my bones back to Shanghai and bury them in my hometown in Gaoqiao, Pudong." However, his last wish was never fulfilled. In November 1952, his bones were shipped to Taiwan, and they still live in the south of Taipei. Effective at the foothills of Dajianshan. The inside story of Du Yuesheng not going to Taiwan: Chiang Kai-shek used me as a chamber pot. Du Yuesheng once said angrily in his later years: "Chiang Kai-shek used me as a chamber pot, and after using it, he stuffed it under the bed." This image metaphor was the tycoon's venting of resentment towards Chiang Kai-shek. , is another lament about the miserable situation after falling out of favor. After the Anti-Japanese War, Du Yuesheng thought that his hard work was highly rewarded, and he wanted to take advantage of Chiang Kai-shek's opportunity to reward him for his merits and get an influential position to satisfy his official addiction. He set his sights on becoming the mayor of Shanghai, at least as a deputy mayor. He revealed this idea to Dai Li, the military commander. Dai Li understood the idea and conveyed it to Chiang Kai-shek. At the end of August 1945, Du Yuesheng rushed back to Shanghai with a group of followers, shouting and cheering. Unexpectedly, halfway through, the absolutely true news came that Chiang Kai-shek had appointed Qian Dajun as the mayor of Shanghai and Wu Shaoshu as the deputy mayor, responsible for taking over full power in Shanghai. It turned out that Chiang Kai-shek's attitude towards Du Yuesheng had changed. What frustrated Du Yuesheng was yet to come: when the train was approaching Shanghai, the disciple got on the train and reported that the city government had notified the cancellation of the planned welcome ceremony, and even the archway that had been erected had been demolished, and a " Slogans such as "Du Yuesheng is the representative of the underworld" and "Down with Du Yuesheng". Du Yuesheng cheered up after hearing the news. To avoid embarrassment, she temporarily changed her car to Shanghai West Railway Station. When they pulled up to the station, no one asked Du Yuesheng to engage in a beauty pageant to greet her. In the summer of 1946, Chiang Kai-shek, in order to embody "democratic politics", ordered the "popular election" of members of the Shanghai Municipal Senate. Du Yuesheng believed it was true and intended to run for the speaker's seat, so he organized his disciples to stage a large-scale event, using various reasons to promote that Du Yuesheng was the only one to be elected speaker, and he did not hesitate to spend a lot of money to canvass votes. Unexpectedly, just when the victory was in hand, a message came from Chiang Kai-shek: Pan Gongzhan hoped to take the position of speaker. Pan Gongzhan is the backbone of the CC clique and a close confidant of Chiang Kai-shek. This was like a shock to Du Yuesheng. He knew that his arm could not twist his thigh, but he had no choice but to become a "hero" who understood current affairs. After he was elected as the speaker of the election, he immediately read out a "resignation letter": "Shanghai is the capital of Dayi." "The speaker has a heavy responsibility. I am a sickly person and cannot take on this important task. I have let down everyone's kindness and please forgive me for re-election." Mayor Wu Guozhen, who presided over the election meeting, immediately expressed his acceptance of his intention and re-election. So the second vote was held and Pan Gongzhan was elected speaker. The conflict between Du Yuesheng and Chiang Kai-shek deepened day by day. The three major battles ended, and Chiang Kai-shek, who was in internal and external difficulties, was forced to step down. Du Yuesheng knew that the Jiang family's dynasty was exhausted, so he began to make plans.

I did three things as a way out: I sold a mansion on Du Mei Road and received US$600,000; I changed my squandering into spending within my means, laid off employees and tightened expenses; I went to Hong Kong once to look for a house to buy. In late March 1949, as soon as Du Yuesheng returned to Shanghai, he was invited by Chiang Kai-shek to Nanjing and told him: "Shanghai seems to be difficult to hold. Mr. Du should be prepared and take his family to Taiwan to assist the party and state if necessary." "Du Yuesheng seemed to be aware of Chiang Kai-shek's "concern" and said readily: "I am ready to give up on the retreat after Shanghai." Chiang Kai-shek once heard that the Chinese Communist Party entrusted Huang Yanpei and others to He persuaded Du Yuesheng to stay in Shanghai. He did not want Du Yuesheng to be "united front" in any case, so he added a few words in a warning tone: "Mr. Du has cooperated with the central government for many years. When the party was purged in the 16th year of the Republic of China, in order to eradicate the Communist Party You have made a great contribution to the victory of Shanghai, and therefore have deep grievances with the Communist Party. The Communist Party talks about class and struggle. They will never let you go. You must not have any luck. It is best to go to Taiwan as soon as possible. "Du Yuesheng's words were still half-understood: "President, don't worry, I have no luck with the Communist Party." Of course, Chiang Kai-shek was not satisfied after hearing this, and the two parties broke up, but Chiang did not give up. We must try to fight for it and force Du Yuesheng to go to Taiwan. As for whether to stay or go, Du Yuesheng has already made plans and weighed it up. Although the Chinese Communist Party persuaded him to stay through Huang Yanpei and others, he judged that he had been fighting against the Communist Party for more than 20 years, and during the April 12 counter-revolutionary coup, he killed many communists, including Wang Shouhua, chairman of the Shanghai Federation of Trade Unions. Party members have heavy blood debts, so they dare not leave. As for where to go? Since there was a rift between him and Chiang Kai-shek, why should he go to Taiwan alone and live under someone else's roof? Du Yuesheng chose to go to Hong Kong, which is known as the free port.