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Stephen Hawking, one of the great men with international reputation in this century, is 60 years old and was born on the anniversary of Galileo's death. He is a professor in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics of Cambridge University, and also the most important general relativity and cosmologist of our time. In the 1970s, he and Penrose proved the famous singularity theorem, for which they both won the Wolf Prize in Physics of 1988. He is therefore known as the most famous scientific thinker and the most outstanding theoretical physicist in the world after Einstein. "He also proved the area theorem of black holes. Hawking's life is very legendary, and he is one of the most outstanding scientists in history in scientific achievements. His position is the highest professorship in the history of Cambridge University, that is, Lucasson Professor of Mathematics who was once held by Newton and Dirac. He holds several honorary degrees and is a member of the Royal Society. He suffers from Luger's disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) and has been in a wheelchair for 20 years. However, he was physically and mentally disabled and turned it into an advantage, overcoming his disability and becoming a supernova in the international physics community. He can't write or even read clearly, but he transcends relativity, quantum mechanics and the Big Bang theory and enters the "geometric dance" to create the universe. Although he was so helpless in a wheelchair, his thoughts traveled brilliantly in the vast space and time, and solved the mystery of the universe.

Professor Hawking is a modern popular science novelist. His masterpiece is A Brief History of Time written in 1988, which is an excellent astronomical popular science novel. The author's imagination is rich, his ideas are wonderful, his language is beautiful and his words are meticulous, which is even more surprising. The outside world, the future changes are so magical and wonderful. This book has a cumulative circulation of 25 million copies and has been translated into nearly 40 languages. 1992 The film of the same name cost 3.5 million pounds. Hawking firmly believes that the basic ideas about the universe and the origin of life can be expressed without mathematics, and the world should be able to understand his profound theory through the audio-visual media such as movies. This book is a popular reading about exploring the nature of time and the frontier of the universe. It is the most important classic work about the scientific thought of the universe, which has changed the concept of the universe. As soon as this book was published, it caused great repercussions all over the world. A Brief History of Time is a landmark book for readers who prefer words to equations. She is good at being a contributor to human thoughts. This is a book that pursues knowledge infinitely and explores the essence of time and space.

As the undisputed authority of cosmology, the sequel of A Brief History of Time has always attracted readers with its research results and life. The sequel to A Brief History of Time is for readers who want to know more about Professor Hawking's life and his theory. The book describes Professor Hawking's life course and research work in the form of frank and sincere personal interviews, and shows the real "people" behind the huge theoretical framework. This book is not an ordinary oral history, but an extremely touching and charming portrait and description of one of the greatest thoughts of mankind in the twentieth century. For non-professional readers, this book is undoubtedly an opportunity for them to enjoy the fruits of human civilization and a source of valuable inspiration.

Hawking's Lecture-Black Hole, baby universes and Others is a collection of articles and speeches written by Hawking during1976-1992 * *13. This paper discusses the birth of baby universes caused by virtual time and black holes, and the efforts of scientists to seek a completely unified theory, and puts forward unique views on free will, the value of life and death.

The essence of time and space was expressed in a complete mathematical form 80 years ago, and the basic principles of quantum theory appeared 70 years ago. However, can these two most accurate and successful theories in the whole physics be unified in a single quantum gravity? Two of the most famous physicists in the world debated this question. This book is based on six speeches and final debates given by Hawking and Penrose at Cambridge University.

The Charm of the Future begins with Stephen Hawking's prediction of the future of the universe in a billion years and ends with Don Kubit's understanding of the final judgment. It introduces the development of prediction and the methods we use to predict the future today. The text of this book is easy to understand. While expounding his own views, the author also answered some interesting questions, which is very interesting to read.

Who is Hawking? He is a brain, a myth, the most outstanding theoretical physicist of our time, a giant in the name of science ... perhaps, he is just a warrior in a wheelchair who challenges his fate.

A wise brain was born.

Stephen Hawking was born in194265438+1October 8th. At this time, his hometown London was shrouded in Hitler's indiscriminate bombing.

Hawking and his sister spent their childhood in several towns near London. Many years later, their neighbors recalled that Hawking was lying in the cradle car, which was very eye-catching, and his head looked very big, which was different from ordinary people-mostly because Hawking's reputation and achievements were far from ordinary people, and neighbors could not help but re-portray the image of gifted children in their memories.

However, in this dull and conservative town, the Hawkins really look different. Hawking's parents both received formal university education. His father is a doctor who studies tropical diseases, while his mother has engaged in many occupations. Residents of small towns are often surprised to see Hawkins driving an old used car across the street to the suburbs-before the car entered the homes of British citizens. However, this strange car expanded Hawkins' freedom of movement.

Hawking is keen to find out the ins and outs of everything, so when he sees a novel thing, he always likes to take it apart and understand the structure of each part-but it is often difficult for him to put it back because his hands and feet are far less flexible than his mind, and even his handwriting is famous in class.

Hawking/Kloc-entered Oxford University to study physics at the age of 0/7. He is still not a hard-working student, and this attitude is consistent with other students at that time. This is a period of confusion for young people after the war-they are tired of everything and feel that there is nothing worth pursuing. Hawking hangs out with his classmates at school, drinks and joins the rowing club. In the long run, he is likely to become an ordinary employee or teacher. However, the disease appeared.

The disease appeared.

Since childhood, sports have never been Hawking's strong point, and he is not good at almost all ball games.

In his third year at Oxford, Hawking noticed that he became more clumsy and fell down once or twice for no reason. Once, he suddenly fell down the stairs for some unknown reason, immediately fell into a coma and almost died.

It was not until 1962 that Hawking was a graduate student in Cambridge that his mother noticed her son's abnormal condition. Hawking, who just celebrated 2 1 birthday, spent two weeks in the hospital. After various examinations, it was diagnosed as "Luger's disease", that is, motor neuron atrophy.

The doctor told him that his body would get out of control more and more, and only his heart, lungs and brain could function. Finally, the heart and lungs will also fail. Hawking was only sentenced to two years in prison. That was at 1963.

At first, the disease deteriorated quite quickly. The blow to Hawking can be imagined. He almost gave up all his studies and research because he didn't think he could finish his master's thesis alive. However, a woman appeared.

The wheelchair appeared.

Hawking's condition is getting worse and worse. 1970, Hawking, whose academic reputation is growing day by day, was unable to walk by himself, and he began to use a wheelchair. To this day, he has never left it.

Hawking, who has been sitting in a wheelchair, works and lives extremely tenaciously.

199 1 In March, Hawking returned to his apartment in Berlin in a wheelchair. When crossing the road, he was knocked down by a car. The left arm was broken, the head was cut off, and 13 stitches were stitched. However, 48 hours later, he returned to work in the office.

On another occasion, he and his friends went to a country house. When going uphill, they turned too hard and the wheelchair fell backwards. I didn't expect the master of gravity to be overturned in the bushes by the gravity of the earth.

Despite the growing physical disability, Hawking still tries to live like an ordinary person and accomplish what he can. He's even lively-it sounds a bit funny. After he was completely unable to move, he still insisted on driving a wheelchair with his only movable finger on the way to the office. In a hotel in Moscow, he suggested that everyone dance. The way he turned the wheelchair in the hall was really a miracle. When meeting Prince Charles, he turned his wheelchair to show off and ran over Prince Charles' toes.

Of course, Hawking also tasted the consequences of "freedom" action. The master of quantum gravity fell from his wheelchair many times under the weak gravity of the earth. Fortunately, every time he stubbornly "stood up".

1985, Hawking underwent tracheal surgery, and since then he has completely lost the ability to speak. It is under such circumstances that he made great efforts to write the famous A Brief History of Time and explored the origin of the universe. Hawking achieved great success, but the reality of life replaced the romance of love, and his marriage with Jane came to an end.

Intuition: Black holes are not black.

Hawking's research object is the universe, but he has never been interested in observing astronomy, and has only observed it several times through a telescope. Compared with traditional scientific methods such as experiment and observation, Hawking's method relies on intuition.

The great achievement of "black hole is not black" comes from the flash of an idea. 1970 1 1 One night in June, Hawking slowly climbed into bed and began to think about the problem of black holes. He suddenly realized that a black hole should have a temperature, so that it would release radiation. In other words, black holes are not that black.

This epiphany, after three years of thinking, formed a complete theory. 1973165438+1October, Hawking officially announced to the world that black holes constantly emit X-rays and gamma rays, which is the famous "Hawking radiation". Before that, people thought that black holes could only swallow but not spit.

From the singularity of BIGBANG to the radiation mechanism of black holes, Hawking has made outstanding contributions to the development of quantum cosmology. Hawking won the Wolf Prize in Physics from 65438 to 0988.

The king of bestsellers: a brief history of time

Hawking's popular science book A Brief History of Time-From BIGBANG to Black Hole has sold as many as 25 million copies worldwide, and has been on the bestseller list since the publication of 1988, setting a bestseller world record. In this book, Hawking tries to explain black holes, the origin and fate of the universe, black holes and time travel in a way that ordinary people can understand.

At the beginning of A Brief History of Time, Hawking pointed out: "I was told that every equation I wrote in the book would halve sales. So I decided not to write any equations. But at the end of the book, I wrote an equation, Einstein's famous equation E=mc2. I hope this will not scare away half of my potential readers. " Now it seems that Hawking is completely worried.

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