Summary of the practice of urgently seeking coal miners

According to the teaching plan of this major in our college, I did an internship in * * * * * * * "discipline" this semester, which was a good opportunity for me to know the basic knowledge of this major and was of great help to my future theoretical and practical study.

In the first week of internship, the school arranged for us to watch videos about school safety. This week is divided into three stages:

In the next first stage, we watched the video about coal mine safety and learned that the main disasters in coal mines are fire, flood, gas, coal dust, roof caving and so on.

Among these five disasters, the degree of harm caused by gas ranks first, and it is called "the first killer in coal mine". Thousands of miners die in gas explosion accidents every year in our country, which makes people talk about it. It is a mixed gas composed of methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide. When its concentration reaches 5% ~ 16%, the temperature of high-temperature fire source reaches 650℃ ~ 750℃, and the oxygen concentration reaches 12% or more, it will explode, which will lead to a secondary explosion of coal dust and eventually lead to a coal mine fire.

Coal dust is one of the five major natural disasters in coal mines. If it is not strictly managed and handled improperly, it will lead to major malignant accidents and cause great losses to coal mining enterprises. In the underground environment of coal mine, coal dust explosion must meet the following three conditions at the same time: (1) coal dust cloud with a certain concentration that can explode; ⑵ A high-temperature heat source that can ignite coal dust explosion has a wide temperature range, which is related to the volatile content in coal dust; (3) When the oxygen concentration in the air is higher than 18% and the oxygen content in the air is lower than 18%, the coal dust cannot explode. However, it must be noted that although the oxygen concentration in the air is reduced to below 18%, it cannot completely prevent the mixture of gas and coal dust from exploding in the air. When these three conditions are met at the same time, the mine will explode.

Coal mine fire is also a serious mine disaster, generally caused by coal spontaneous combustion, and sometimes caused by coal mine gas and coal dust explosion. Its occurrence will also cause the secondary occurrence of coal mine disasters. At the same time, a large number of toxic gases such as carbon monoxide will be produced during coal combustion, which will lead to human poisoning and death.

Flood accidents often occur in the process of coal mine production and construction, and there are three necessary conditions for coal mine flood, namely water source, water channel and water discharge space. We must do a good job in prevention and treatment to minimize the losses caused by accidents.

Roof fall in coal mine is the most common and prone accident. In general, the roof fall accident has the following signs in advance: (1) making a noise. When the strata sink and fracture and the roof pressure increases sharply, the wooden support will crackle, and then the phenomenon of broken beams and columns will appear. The living column of the metal column shrinks rapidly and makes a loud noise. (2) Slag dropping. When the roof is severely broken, the roof falls off slag. The more slag falls, the greater the roof pressure. (3) The number of flaked coal increased. Because the pressure on the coal wall increases and softens, there are more coal blocks than usual. (4) Roof cracks. The roof cracked and cracks increased. (5) Roof delamination occurs. Check the roof with the method of "asking the top", commonly known as "knocking the top" If the sound is crisp, the roof is intact; The roof sounds "empty", indicating that the upper and lower floors have been separated. (6) Roof leakage. Before large roof caving, the broken false roof or direct roof sometimes leaks due to lax back roof and unstable support, resulting in hanging roof and loose support, resulting in roof caving. (7) There is water mist. The amount of water sprayed on the roof has increased significantly.

In the video we watched that day, we learned about the causes and prevention methods of major disasters in coal mines, which gave us a preliminary understanding of coal mine safety and laid the foundation for our future study.

In the second stage, according to Scientific Outlook on Development's theoretical system, adhere to the requirements of people-oriented, comprehensive coordination, overall consideration and sustainable development, strengthen the investigation and management of hidden dangers in coal mines, and adhere to the policy of "safety first, prevention first and comprehensive management" and the principle of "paying equal attention to management, equipment and training". Focusing on "one ventilation and three prevention" and "comprehensive gas control", we will carry out in-depth investigation and rectification of hidden dangers, establish and improve the accountability system for safety production investigation and the long-term mechanism for safety production supervision and management, further enhance the awareness of safety worries, effectively curb all kinds of safety accidents, and push the safety management system to a new level. Safety management is the responsibility of our organizations at all levels, leading cadres at all levels and every worker. In the process of coal mine production, we must enhance the awareness of safety worries and the overall situation. "Born in worry, died in happiness", the sense of worry is a clear sense of foresight, but also a sense of crisis, responsibility and mission in coal mine safety production, which stems from a deep understanding of the law of development of things. "Misfortune depends on happiness, and happiness lies in misfortune." The development of everything has a law of complementing each other and helping each other. The value of the sense of urgency lies in being able to foresee the crisis from the peace, find the disadvantages from the advantages, plan ahead, and nip in the bud. Historical experience and reality tell us that the more smooth, safe and calm the production, the more vigilant we should be, keep a cool head, strengthen on-site management and the implementation of institutional measures, and never be careless. Any unit, company, workshop team and individual, if they lack safety awareness in their work and are content with the status quo, will cause hidden dangers and accidents. Therefore, improving the investigation and management of hidden dangers is conducive to enhancing the sense of responsibility and mission of coal mine safety. As long as we persist in the investigation and management of hidden dangers, we are determined to solve the worries. This is an effective way to realize the safety of coal mine production, ensure the safety of state property and workers' lives, reflect the improvement of the ruling ability of party and government organizations at all levels, meet the new challenges and risks faced by safety production, and is the proper meaning of studying and implementing Scientific Outlook on Development, adhering to the people-oriented principle and building a harmonious society. The party and the state attach great importance to coal mine safety. Since the 1990s, the state has successively promulgated a series of major measures and related laws and regulations to strengthen coal mine safety production and resolutely curb the occurrence of serious accidents. The achievements are obvious, but the situation faced by coal mine safety production is very severe.

"People's Republic of China (PRC) Safety Production Law" is something that we must master as students majoring in mine safety technology and supervision. This research will be of great help to our future research.

In the third stage, let's look at safety-related laws and policies, such as the Law on Work Safety presided over by Sa Beining. In the video, Sa Beining's vivid reports, interesting pictures and vivid cases deeply attracted the students' attention, which made the stage for watching the video receive good results. By watching the video, I learned about the safety production law from scratch. For example, during these two days' study, I learned that "People's Republic of China (PRC) Law on Work Safety" was passed by the 28th meeting of the Ninth NPC Standing Committee in People's Republic of China (PRC) on June 29th, 2002, and is now promulgated, since June165438+1October 65438. It includes seven parts: general principles, production safety guarantee of production and business units, rights and obligations of employees, supervision and management of production safety, emergency rescue and investigation and handling of production safety accidents, legal responsibilities and supplementary provisions. The video has produced corresponding cases for each clause of the law, which is more convenient for students to understand and remember. At the same time, each part of the explanation began with the speeches of the leaders of the safety supervision departments in various regions, which further enhanced the attention of the students. For example, the production safety guarantee of production and business operation entities, we know that production and business operation entities should meet the conditions for safe production stipulated in this law, and the person in charge of the entity should be responsible for the employees of the entity. When talking about the rights and obligations of employees, we know that employees and production and business units have entered into labor contracts on matters such as employees' labor safety, prevention of occupational hazards and handling social insurance for employees' work-related injuries according to law. Moreover, the production and business operation entity shall not enter into an agreement with employees in any form to exempt or reduce their legal liability for employees' casualties due to production safety accidents, and employees shall have the right to know. At the same time, employees have the obligation to strictly abide by the safety production rules and regulations and operating procedures of their own units, obey management, and wear and use labor protection articles correctly. Speaking of safety production supervision and management, we know that the departments responsible for safety production supervision and management need to be examined and approved (including examination and approval, approval, licensing, registration, certification, licensing, etc.). ) or in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations to accept matters related to safety in production, must be strictly in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations, national standards or industry standards for safety in production conditions and procedures for review; If it does not meet the requirements for safe production as stipulated by relevant laws, regulations, national standards or industry standards, it shall not be approved or accepted. If a unit that has not obtained approval or passed the acceptance test according to law engages in related activities without authorization, the department in charge of administrative examination and approval shall immediately ban it and deal with it according to law after finding or receiving the report. The administrative examination and approval department has the right to revoke the original approval of a unit that has obtained approval according to law if it finds that it no longer meets the conditions for safe production. And shall not charge any fees and other rights and obligations during the acceptance process. When it comes to emergency rescue, investigation and handling of production safety accidents, we know that local people's governments at or above the county level should organize relevant departments to formulate emergency rescue plans for major production safety accidents within their respective administrative areas and establish an emergency rescue system, so that once major safety accidents occur, they can be handled in time to minimize losses. And the departments responsible for the supervision and administration of production safety shall immediately report the accident in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state after receiving the accident report. Departments responsible for the supervision and administration of production safety and relevant local people's governments shall not conceal, make false reports or delay reporting accidents. When it comes to the legal responsibility, it refers to the legal responsibility of the safety supervision department as well as the legal responsibility of the production and business units and employees. For example, if the staff of the safety production supervision and management department violates the law, they will be given administrative sanctions of demotion or dismissal according to their circumstances; If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law. If the decision-making body, principal responsible person or individual investor of a production and business operation entity violates laws and regulations, depending on the seriousness of the case, it shall be ordered to make corrections within a time limit, and the production and business operation entity shall be ordered to stop production and business for rectification. If the case constitutes a crime, criminal responsibility and other penalties shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law. Employees of production and business units who disobey management and violate safety production rules and regulations or operating rules shall be criticized and educated by production and business units and punished in accordance with relevant rules and regulations; If a serious accident is caused and a crime is constituted, criminal responsibility shall be investigated in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law. In the annex, we know the meanings of some terms in this law, such as: dangerous goods refer to inflammable and explosive goods, dangerous chemicals, radioactive goods and other goods that can endanger personal safety and property safety. Major hazard sources refer to units that produce, transport, use and store dangerous goods for a long time or temporarily, and the quantity of dangerous goods is equal to or more than the critical quantity.

The second week, we visited Fengshen Tire Factory. Similarly, our technician Li first explained the general situation of the enterprise and the safety matters that should be paid attention to in the production process.

Fengshen Tire Factory is one of the top 28 tire enterprises in the world. This year, we adhered to the principle of independent innovation and technological leadership, actively introduced strategic investors, and promoted the rapid development of the company. It mainly produces more than 400 specifications in seven series, including "Henan" brand and "Fengshen" brand construction machinery tires, all-steel radial truck tires, bias truck tires, special tires, light truck tires, agricultural tires and military tires, with an annual output of more than 3 million sets and an industrial output value of more than 3 billion yuan. In terms of safety production, the advanced safety system is adopted for management, which enables the company to achieve safety production for several years in a row, without serious personal injury or death accidents.

Then, several masters showed us around the warehouse, where they introduced us to their advanced transportation and storage technology, which not only saved time and effort, but also greatly reduced the potential safety hazards in the work process. However, during our visit, they made a small mistake, that is, when we came down from the accessories supermarket on the fourth floor, we took the elevator to transport materials, and this elevator was not allowed to carry people. Fortunately, we didn't have an accident that day, but it was also a safety hazard. If this goes on for a long time, something will happen one day.

On the third day, we visited Jiulishan Coal Mine of Coking Coal Group. Our classmates wear the same clothes as the miners' master at school. After 40 minutes' journey, we came to Jiulishan Coal Mine. The head of the technical department told us

First of all, understand the general situation of coal mines through technology. Jiulishan mine field covers an area of 17.5Km2 and 1970. Well construction began in July. The current production capacity is 1 10,000 tons/year, and the geological conditions are complex, so it belongs to high gas and water-rich areas. The maximum gas content is 30m3/t and the maximum gas pressure is 1.74Mpa, which is a dangerous coal seam with coal and gas outburst. The mine has a perfect ventilation system, and all mining areas have achieved partition ventilation. There are mainly three upper (lower) mountains in the mining area, including two air inlets and a special return air, which runs through the whole mining area. The return air of all mining faces is introduced into the mining area from the special return air lane, and a reliable safety monitoring system is installed in accordance with the regulations, which meets the requirements of equipment serialization standards.

Then, several of our classmates, led by several technicians, visited and studied under the mine. Because this is the first time for all of us to enter the mine, everyone is very excited. We all feel a little uncomfortable with our ears because we are in weightlessness. We soon went to the bottom of the well and visited the underground pump house, substation and underground garage. The technicians patiently explained their working principle and performance, as well as their work.

Finally, I visited the pump room on the ground, where two axial-flow super-power fans are working and two centrifugal fans are on standby at any time to prevent unexpected situations. There, our teacher explained the working principle and performance of the fan

On this day, we visited the coal mine for practice, which let us know some basic conditions of the mine and laid the foundation for our future study.

Through this internship, I learned a lot about safety in production, which laid the foundation for my future study of professional knowledge, deepened my understanding of society, exercised my various abilities, and made me clearly realize my own shortcomings and inspired my enthusiasm for future study.