What are the tricks of ancient pubs?

Wine flag, also known as wine hope, wine curtain, green flag, brocade fork, etc. , is a banner hanging by the roadside in ancient China to attract business. As one of the oldest forms of advertising, wine flag has a long history in China. "Han Feizi" records: "There were wine sellers in the Song Dynasty ... the flag was held high." The "flag" is the wine flag. Later generations said: "There are flags in the wine market, which are only seen in some places." Since the Tang Dynasty, the wine flag has gradually developed into a very common street trick, and it is varied and colorful. In ancient times, the role of wine flags was generally equivalent to the current signboards, light boxes or neon lights. Put the name of the store on the wine flag, or hang it on the shop, or in front of the roof house, or simply set up another pole and hang it on the wine flag, so as to attract customers.

"Book of Jin Tian Ji": "Three stars in the south of the right corner of Xuanyuan say wine flags. The flag of the wine official is also. The main banquet caters to the needs of diet. Five stars keep the wine flag, and the world eats. " The three-star wine flag is located at the upper right of Liu Bei and Xuanyuan, and was called the star name in ancient China. It has seventeen stars, twelve of which belong to the constellation Leo. There are three stars in the wine flag, which are arranged in a zigzag pattern, and there are 28 hotels on the south side next to the eight stars in Liu Su.

Liu Tang Changqing's poem "Spring Looking at Wang Chengyang" says: "Watch the drums by the water, and see the wine flags in the sand village." Song Zhou Bangyan's "Mo Shan Xi" words: "Ten years later, I came back, tired of chasing the wine flag." In the Qing Dynasty, Sun Hua's poem "Spring in the City" said: "The shallow water of Pingqiao attracts a village hat, and the grass market sets a wine flag in the setting sun."

Since the Tang Dynasty, the wine flag has gradually developed into a very common street trick, and it is varied and colorful. This can be seen from many poetry works since the Tang Dynasty, such as: "The garden is elegant and exquisite with spring breeze, and the silver inscription invites guests"; "The sparkling wine curtain attracts drunken guests, and the tree sings warblers in the dark"; "Don't you see that the pool is not extinguished, and the wine flag is full of five stars." Zhang Zeduan's The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival also has the wine trick of "Sun Shop".

In ancient times, the role of wine flags was generally equivalent to the current signboards, light boxes or neon lights. Put the name of the store on the wine flag, or hang it on the shop, or hang it in front of the roof, or simply set up another pole and hang it on the wine flag to attract customers. Some stores also indicate the business model or sales quantity on the wine flag, so that guests can see at a glance. For example, in "Qi Lu Deng", the "wine curtain" of Kaifeng Xiangfu Blowing Taiwan Meeting on March 3 rd read "No credit for sale now"; In "Water Margin", the flag of Song Wuda Tiger Qianjin Store reads "Three bowls can't cross the mountain"; Jiang Menshen Banner in Mengzhou is a household name. Even compared with the modern advertising language, the words "Let life be a dream, the sun and the moon grow in the pot" on the two gold flags are not inferior.

The wine flag also plays a very important role, that is, the rise and fall of the wine flag is a sign that the store has no wine and can't open the door. Get up in the morning, start business, have wine to sell, and hang the wine flag high; If there is no wine to sell, accept the wine flag. "Tokyo Dream Record" said: "By noon, every family has no wine, dragging down their children." This "Wang Zi" is a wine flag.

The seventeenth time in A Dream of Red Mansions: "Everything is fine here, except for a wine cellar. I'll make another one tomorrow." According to the style of the village outside, there is no need to be gorgeous, and bamboo poles are used to pick it at the top of the tree. "

"Wine color" is also called wine curtain or wine flag. The signs hanging in hotels are mostly black or black and white, so they are often called "green flags" and "green curtains". When reading Tang poetry, you can often see such sayings as "green slate sells wine" and "blue curtain on the setting sun".

Note: In Song Dynasty, Hong Mai wrote "Looking Up at the Restaurant Flag" in Rong Zhai Essay. It is said that the banner of fermented wine is recorded in Han Feizi, but at the same time it is believed that seeing is sung in poetry, but more poems are sung in the Tang Dynasty. As for the hotel, it is marked with a broom, and the water margin is probably the home of village mash, so there is a comment in the critics of the previous generation of water margin that: "wine will be coarse and evil, otherwise, why is it a broom?" Hong Mai's "Rong Zhai Essay" also said: "The village house may be hung with gourd ladle and marked with broom pole." But in fact, the village mash house may not be known by broom, but also by wine flag.

The Baihui edition of Water Margin used poems as decorative descriptions when writing the "village inn" in Wutai Mountain and the "village wine inn" outside the east gate of Mengzhou. "Draw Brewmaster" painted the hotel logo on the wall, and "Brewmaster" was immediately "drunk".

The third fold of Yuan Dynasty's "Pavilion" zaju describes a slave named Zhang Bao who is a "good person" and runs a liquor store. In the song, he sang, "He hung the drunken fairy high and arranged the banquet; I am Mao 'an's thatched cottage, earthen urn and porcelain bowl. The so-called "drunken fairy hanging high" means that there is a pictographic wine flag in the shape of drunken fairy. Zhang Baokai is described as a small hotel in the play, but the "grass comb" is also a broom. Another Yuan zaju, jy's Negative Classics, wrote that Wang Lin, an old man in Xinghuazhuang, "drove a small wine service", and Wang Lin's court poems also had the phrase "hanging on the grass".

There are usually wine flags painted with drunken immortals in hotels. According to Meng Yuanshen's Dream of China in Tokyo, before the Mid-Autumn Festival, all the shops sold new wines, re-established their facades, painted flowers, got drunk and people in the city competed for drinks. At noon, all the families ran out of wine, which dragged down the children. The "drunken fairy brocade" mentioned here refers to the image of drunken immortals embroidered on the flag, which is a symbol of high-end restaurants in coordination with the "flower head painting pole".