Wheat management in spring is very important. How to prevent wheat aphids?

Wheat aphids, a sucking pest, are also called "grey bugs" and "honey bugs" by some farmers. They are widely distributed and occur in wheat growing areas, with varying degrees of occurrence. It is heavy and has a great impact on the yield and quality of wheat.

There are many types of aphids. Some damage the middle and lower parts of wheat plants, some damage the upper parts, and some damage the ears more. The aphids that damage the ears are generally what we call them. The focus of prevention and control (also known as "ear aphid").

There were not many aphids in winter wheat in the past year. They started from the greening stage after the new year, reached the peak at the ear stage, and continued to cause damage before the maturity stage. Aphids would suck the leaves, stems and ears of wheat. When the leaves and stems are damaged, the wheat cannot perform photosynthesis normally, and the nutrient transfer of water and fertilizer will also be inhibited to a certain extent. After heading, aphids will concentrate on the ear to cause damage, resulting in grains, empty In the case of stubble, the thousand-grain weight decreases and the yield naturally decreases.

Depending on the planting area, wheat aphids occur sooner or later (the severity will also vary). In addition, it is also related to wheat varieties, preventive measures, field management and other factors.

In the actual planting process, aphids not only harm wheat, but also grassy weeds in the field (or other grassy plants). This situation also makes prevention and control work difficult.

The damage caused by aphids to wheat can be divided into two major aspects, one is direct damage and the other is indirect damage.

Direct harm: directly causing harm to the wheat itself, attaching to the leaves, stems or ears, sucking the juice, causing yellowing of the leaves, stagnant growth or white ears. In particularly serious cases, the entire plant The wheat dies.

Indirect damage: Aphids, as the carriers of some viral diseases, cause outbreaks of viral diseases and then harm wheat, such as wheat yellow dwarf. After the occurrence of wheat yellow dwarf, wheat will grow shorter. The main transmission route is aphids. Affect final yield and quality.

In the cold winter, wheat aphids usually overwinter in the form of eggs in wheat straw, weeds, soil gaps and other places. They will start to cause damage when the temperature is suitable in the second year. According to the topography of our country, normal The situation becomes more severe the further north you go. In addition, it has been observed that in wheat fields sown earlier, aphids occur earlier and cause greater harm. Secondly, affected by weather factors, the temperature is relatively low and rainy in the early part of the year. When the temperature is very high in the later period, aphids may also break out in large areas.

For wheat aphids, a comprehensive strategy that combines prevention and control can achieve very good results. The prevention methods mainly include the following four points:

1. Variety selection

When purchasing seeds, it is better to choose varieties with strong insect resistance. When the severity of insect infestation is the same, varieties with strong insect resistance will have certain advantages and can resist some aphids. , more conducive to the normal growth of wheat.

2. Promote strong seedlings

In the case of strong seedlings, wheat has stronger resistance, and the harmful effects will be relatively smaller. There are many measures to strengthen seedlings, such as planting late at the right time. Sowing, watering with winter water, controlling vigorous growth, suppressing and other measures. After the new year, it will be decided whether to water or fertilize according to the field moisture and wheat growth.

3. Pay attention to drainage

Before and after the wheat grows to the heading stage, there are many rainy days. Pay attention to timely drainage. Once there is too much water in the field, on the one hand, it will lead to high humidity in the field and easy to Causes an outbreak of aphids. On the other hand, too much water will hinder the growth of wheat, which will also provide conditions for an outbreak of aphids.

4. Seed dressing prevention

In addition to the above agricultural preventive measures, seed dressing prevention before sowing is also a very effective measure. For example, using imidacloprid to kill aphids The seed dressings produced by some manufacturers are advertised to be aphid-free in one season, and there are also seed dressings that are good for prevention before the new year, but need to be sprayed with pesticides again after the new year.

The above are 4 preventive measures. If aphids appear in the field, discover them in time and apply pesticides to prevent and control them in time.

At present, there are many insecticides to control aphids, many of which are relatively common, such as imidacloprid, beta-cyhalothrin, acetamiprid, pymetrozine, nitenpyram, etc. Some farmers will use it after the new year. When using "one spray for three preventions", use it together with other insecticides.

When it comes to pesticide control, some farmers still have a question. What should I do if the effect is not good after spraying? How can we improve the prevention and control effect?

1. Apply thoroughly and evenly

When applying pesticides, be sure to apply it thoroughly and evenly. Since aphids occur in large numbers, some are inside the wheat ears and cannot be applied thoroughly. The pests will not be able to absorb the liquid, and the control effect will be very poor. However, in order to apply thoroughly and evenly, the amount of water must be sufficient to avoid missing sprays.

2. Selection of pesticides

When some farmers use a single pesticide all year round to control aphids, the aphids have developed strong resistance. In this case, timely treatment is needed Change insecticides for control. For example, friends who have been using imidacloprid can try changing to pymetrozine and nitenpyram.

3. Compound pesticides

When a single formula of pesticides is not effective, compound pesticides can be used to control aphids in a different way. effect.

The above is all about wheat aphids, including the harm of aphids, preventive measures, as well as control chemicals and precautions. I hope you can learn something after reading this article. some knowledge.