What does cardiac color ultrasound check? What are its characteristics and functions?

The three classic elements of cardiac function are cardiac preload, afterload, and contractility. In usual hemodynamic monitoring, preload is measured using left ventricular filling pressure (left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, left atrial pressure, or pulmonary wedge pressure), and afterload is measured using systemic vascular resistance (arterial pressure and cardiac output). ), while contractility is measured as cardiac output or stroke work (the product of arterial pressure and pulse volume). Cardiac color ultrasound can measure the systolic function, diastolic function, overall function and ventricular wall segmental motion function of the left and right ventricles. It has unique advantages and plays an important role in clinical practice. It gradually replaces traumatic cardiac function measurement and is one of the main non-invasive methods. one. Monitoring of cardiac function and hemodynamics is important for accurate evaluation of left and right ventricular function, diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease, early diagnosis of heart failure in patients with heart disease, decision on treatment plan, evaluation of drug treatment effect, and indication of prognosis. meaning. Characteristics of cardiac color ultrasound to measure cardiac function: ① It is a non-invasive diagnostic method that usually does not require the injection of contrast agents, radionuclides and other dyes. The method is simple, can be repeated many times and can be performed at the bedside. ②Patients and staff are not exposed to radioactive material and it is a safe inspection method. ③ Ultrasound imaging can be positioned through certain anatomical landmarks in the heart, so that despite changes in the heart position caused by enlargement of the cardiac chamber, congenital malformation or heart displacement, imaging positioning can still be achieved through the identification of intracardiac anatomical landmarks. ④ Each heart chamber can be examined through multi-plane and multi-directional ultrasound imaging, and the anatomical structure and function of the entire heart can be determined. ⑤ It can distinguish between the inner and outer membranes of the heart wall and the cardiac chambers. By evaluating the systolic thickening rate of the ventricular wall and the amplitude of intimal movement, the myocardial contractility can be estimated. ⑥ Continuous Doppler can be used to measure the pressure difference between the ventricle and the atrium, between the ventricle and the ventricle, and between the aorta and the pulmonary artery, thereby inferring the intracardiac pressure. The significance of cardiac color ultrasound to detect cardiac function: ① Echocardiography is a very valuable method for preoperative cardiac risk assessment in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery. ②Many chemotherapy drugs are cardiotoxic. Whether they can continue to be used can be evaluated by cardiac color ultrasound. If the patient's myocardial movement is abnormal and the reserve function is reduced, it indicates that cardiotoxic chemotherapy drugs cannot be continued. If cardiotoxic drugs are used, a cardiac ultrasound is recommended before each chemotherapy treatment. ③ Understand the scope of myocardial lesions and cardiac function, and make objective assessments of patients with extensive myocardial lesions and poor cardiac function, which can predict the risk of sudden death in patients with coronary heart disease. ④ During surgical operations, anesthesiologists routinely use catheters to measure hemodynamic changes to monitor and evaluate patients' cardiovascular function (specific indicators mainly include intracardiac pressure and cardiac output), and adjust infusion and blood flow based on the monitoring results. Medication to maintain optimal heart function.