Turi believes that in the actual translation process, translators are often restricted by three types of norms

Turi believes that in the actual translation process, translators are often restricted by three types of norms as follows:

1. Source language norms: Source language norms refer to the source language itself. Norms and customs. During the translation process, the translator needs to follow the grammar, vocabulary, expressions and other specifications of the source language and retain the characteristics and style of the original text as much as possible.

2. Target language norms: Target language norms refer to the norms and habits of the target language. During the translation process, the translator needs to consider the grammar, vocabulary, expressions and other specifications of the target language so that the translation conforms to the habits and style of the target language and is easy for readers to understand and accept.

3. Discourse norms: Discourse norms refer to the norms of genre, structure, rhetoric and other aspects of discourse. During the translation process, the translator needs to consider the text structure and rhetorical techniques of the original text, retain the intention and meaning of the original text as much as possible, and also consider the coherence and readability of the translated text.

Notes on actual translation:

1. Accurately understand the original text. When translating, you first need to deeply understand the meaning of the original text. This includes a comprehensive analysis of the vocabulary, grammar, semantics and cultural background of the original text. If the meaning of the original text is not understood accurately, the translation result is likely to deviate from the meaning of the original text, thus affecting the reader's understanding of the original text.

2. Maintain language fluency. During the translation process, you need to pay attention to the fluency of the language. When translating, you should use natural and fluent language as much as possible to avoid stiff and awkward expressions. At the same time, attention should be paid to the correctness of the sentence structure and grammar to ensure the readability and understandability of the translation results.

3. Maintain cultural adaptability. When translating, you need to pay attention to cultural differences. Cultural differences between different languages ??may lead to differences in vocabulary and expressions. Therefore, when translating, it is necessary to maintain the characteristics of the original culture as much as possible while taking into account the acceptance of the target culture. Carry out appropriate cultural conversion when necessary to ensure that the translation results can be understood and accepted in different cultural backgrounds.

4. Review and revise. Once the translation is complete, it needs to be reviewed and revised. This is a very important step as it helps us identify and correct possible errors and deficiencies. When reviewing and revising, you need to pay attention to issues such as grammar, spelling, punctuation, etc., and also check whether the translation results are accurate, smooth, and easy to understand.