What does "Mongrel" mean?

Definition of scientific terms

Chinese name: hybrid English name: hybrid Definition 1: Offspring produced by the mating of parents with different genotypes. Applied disciplines: Fisheries (first-level discipline); Aquatic biological breeding (second-level discipline) Definition 2: Offspring produced by crosses between individuals with different genotypes. Applied disciplines: Genetics (first-level subject); Classical genetics (second-level subject)

Word: Hybrid Pinyin: zázhǒng Basic explanation 1. [hybrid]: The offspring produced by hybridization have no germline Bastard. ——Liang Qiu Chi of the Southern Dynasties, "The Book with Chen Bo" 2. [bastard;son of a bitch]: rude curse word Hybrid in biology refers to the offspring produced by crossbreeding. Generally they are excellent varieties, such as hybrid rice. Detailed explanation: 1. A derogatory name for ethnic minorities in ancient times. "Book of the Later Han·Biography of the Western Qiang": "Dian Ling and others claimed to be the 'Son of Heaven' in the north, and recruited bastards from Wudu, Shenlang, Shangjun, and Xihe, and they became very prosperous." Du Fu of the Tang Dynasty "Inherited the Hebei Dao Festival" The Second Quatrain of the Slogans of Happy Entering the Dynasty: "The livelihood of the people of the country will be safe, and the barbarian hybrids will get along with each other." Ming Tang Xianzu's "The Peony Pavilion·Female Thieves": "The world is disturbed by the evil wind, and the hybrids are passed down in the family." 2. Ci Ci. Zhao Yi of the Qing Dynasty's "Kai Yu Cong Kao·Mongrel Beast Bastard": "The common curse is that people are called bastards, beasts, and bastards." Chapter 7 of "A Dream of Red Mansions": "You are blindly acting as a housekeeper! You don't want to think about Mr. Jiao holding up a bastard." The legs are higher than your head. Who does Mr. Jiao have in his eyes in the past twenty years? Let alone you bastards!" Chapter 4 of Volume 1 of Yao Xueyin's "Li Zicheng": "Of course. Well, if you meet him, you won’t treat him lightly, bastard!” 3. Refers to cereals. "Shui Shu Shi Huo Zhi": "In the northern states, which are different from the rest, Yun, Xia, Chang, Ling, Yan, Lan, Feng, Shan, Liang, Gan, Gua and other states, all Yicang hybrids, and If people are short of food in drought, give them hybrids and old grains first." 4. It is a metaphor for mixed crops. Lu Xun's "Collected Letters to Zhang Tingqian": "All the tricks have been used. They are just hybrid magic tricks of politicians and businessmen. They just paste 'slogans, slogans' and the like on magazines."

Edit this paragraphHybrid vigor

Concept

Hybrid vigor is the phenomenon in which a hybrid is superior to two parents in one or more traits. For example, the hybrid generation obtained by crossing different strains, different varieties, or even different species often has a stronger growth rate and metabolic function than its parents, resulting in developed organs, increased body size, increased yield, or resistance. Disease, insect resistance, stress resistance, viability, fecundity, survivability, etc. This is a common phenomenon in the biological world.

Performance

The performance of hybrid vigor should be distinguished into two types of situations: One type is that heterosis that often appears in the offspring of some distant hybrids only manifests itself in individuals or certain organs. The increase is just like the vigorous and leggy growth of plants in an excellent environment, but its ability to survive and reproduce has not improved. This type of hybrid vigor is called hybrid vigor. Hybrid vigor may be beneficial to production, but it may not necessarily have adaptive significance in evolution, so some scholars who study biological evolution call it pseudohybrid vigor. Another type of hybrid vigor manifests itself in the improvement of the survival and reproductive abilities of hybrids, but the individual growth may not exceed that of the parents. Only this type of hybrid vigor has evolutionary adaptive significance, so it is regarded as true hybrid vigor. In a very small number of organisms, the survival ability of hybrids can be reduced compared with that of the parents. This phenomenon is called hybrid disadvantage. Hybrid offspring with heterosis generally exhibit selfing depression. For example, the plant height of corn shows hybrid vigor, and selfing depression can also be clearly seen. The mortality rate of newborns and infants in human consanguineous marriages is higher than that in ordinary marriages, and the birth rate of babies with congenital diseases and mental retardation is also higher. These are the phenomena of inbreeding depression in humans.