Acetylene bottles were very popular that year.

Development and popularization of dissolved acetylene cylinder

Since 100 years ago, French scientists used oxygen-acetylene gas in the field of metal cutting and welding, acetylene gas has become the main gas for metal cutting in the world, making irreplaceable contributions to industrial revolution and human technological innovation.

Acetylene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon compound with three bonds, and its chemical properties are active and explosive. It was discovered by British scientist Edmund David in 1836, but it was not until 1892 that the method of producing calcium carbide by electric furnace was invented that it was used for lighting. With the development of industry, acetylene was first used for welding and cutting metals in France in 1903, and was widely used in industrial production.

(1) When acetylene is widely used in industrial production, its source mainly depends on the generator using calcium carbide. However, the large acetylene generator is inconvenient to carry. Small acetylene generator has poor safety performance, easy to explode and inconvenient to use. It is difficult to use carbide slag centrally, so people begin to study other methods to store, transport and use acetylene gas.

At first, people studied how to compress gaseous acetylene into cylinders like other gases, and carried out a series of transportation and use tests. However, due to high-pressure gaseous acetylene, given a small amount of energy (for example, when acetylene is compressed to 15 atmospheric pressure, it only needs 0.56× 10 Joule), it will decompose and explode, and the test will fail. Later, people liquefied acetylene into liquid and stored it in containers like liquefied gas, but liquefied acetylene is more explosive, and an explosion accident will happen if you are not careful. Therefore, high-pressure gaseous acetylene and liquefied acetylene cannot be used in industry.

In order to store this dangerous gas in cylinders stably, France invented a special cylinder until 1896. The bottle is filled with a porous substance, and acetone is soaked in the porous substance as a solvent. When acetylene is compressed and filled into the bottle, the solvent is adsorbed in the pores of the porous material, and high-pressure acetylene is dissolved in the solvent, thus achieving the purpose of safe storage, transportation and use. The birth of this special steel cylinder called dissolved acetylene bottle makes dissolved acetylene more widely used in industry. Therefore, the development of dissolved acetylene can not be separated from acetylene bottles, so the development history of dissolved acetylene can also be said to be the development history of acetylene bottles.

Dissolved acetylene has a history of more than 60 years in China. As early as 1920, French businessmen opened an oxygen factory in Xujiahui Road, Jiawan, Shanghai, and introduced French technology and equipment for dissolving acetylene and acetylene bottles. 1932 Shanghai China refinery imported technology and equipment from Germany. 1936, French businessmen set up Dongfang Welding Repair Company in Qingdao, which were the only three dissolved acetylene plants (stations) before liberation in China, all of which were small in scale and mainly used for navigation lights along the coast of China.

After liberation, with the development of China's industry, the dissolved acetylene industry has also developed. However, due to the lack of understanding of the advantages of promoting the use of dissolved acetylene cylinders, it has developed slowly for a long time. Before 1979, there were only eleven factories (stations) producing dissolved acetylene in China, and most of them were affiliated stations of large enterprises. The scale is very small, and the products are mainly supplied to our factory with a total production capacity of only 300 meters. /hour, there are only about 8000 acetylene bottles in use, and the annual output of acetylene is about 1000 tons.

1979 10 In order to strengthen the technical supervision and safety management of acetylene cylinders, the former State Administration of Labor issued a document entrusting the Shanghai Municipal Labor Bureau to organize the compilation of Safety Supervision Regulations for Dissolved Acetylene Cylinders as the technical basis and interim provisions for the design, manufacture, filling, use, management and export of acetylene cylinders. The editorial team completed the first draft of the Regulations in June, 5438+0980 and June, 5438+0, and held a consultation meeting on the Regulations in Shanghai in March of the same year, and widely listened to valuable opinions on design, manufacturing, filling, use, management, scientific research and universities in China. Later, a series of scientific experiments were carried out, and the draft Regulations were completed in August 1980. In June of the same year, 65438+ 10 was revised by the former State Administration of Labor, and on June 4, 19865438 was officially released for trial implementation in the whole country. Since then, China has the first national regulations on acetylene cylinders, which laid the foundation for promoting the use of dissolved acetylene cylinders and developing dissolved acetylene industry in China.

In order to strengthen the quality management of dissolved acetylene, China's first national standard GB68 19—86-86 was issued in September of 1986, implemented in August of 1987 and revised in August of 1996. The implementation of this standard has played a guiding role in the quality management of dissolved acetylene industry in China.

1989, in order to strengthen the design and manufacturing management of dissolved acetylene equipment, the former Ministry of Machinery Industry entrusted China Air Separation Equipment Company to be responsible for drafting professional standards for technical conditions of dissolved acetylene equipment. After extensively listening to the valuable opinions of domestic design, manufacture and use units and referring to relevant foreign standards, the drafting group completed the formulation of Technical Conditions for Acetylene Dissolving Equipment in February 1990, and promulgated and implemented it in September199/. The standard was revised in 2000 because it encountered some difficulties in the implementation in the next few years. The new standard JB/T8856-200 1 Acetylene Dissolving Equipment was released in May, 20001year and implemented in June, 20001year.

After the 1990s, with the development of dissolved acetylene industry in China, the country issued GB5003 1-9 1 Code for Design of Acetylene Stations, GB 1359-92 "Provisions for Filling Dissolved Acetylene" and GB17266-/KLOC-0 successively.

Through the promulgation and implementation of standards and regulations, China's dissolved acetylene industry has gradually embarked on an orderly and healthy development path.

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