Introduction of winter construction scheme and construction project?

Winter construction has always been the focus and difficulty in the process of building construction. For winter construction, each construction project will formulate a detailed construction plan. The following is an introduction to the winter construction scheme brought by the construction network for reference.

Winter construction scheme

One. General principle

1 purpose

Winter is approaching, in order to achieve the promised time limit for a project to the owner, not affected by the negative temperature climate, successfully complete all tasks assigned by the owner, and spend the long winter smoothly and safely. In order to obtain better technical and economic effects, the winter construction scheme of this project is formulated, and it is hoped that the project department, the construction team and each operation team will seriously implement it.

2. The division of winter

(1) When entering the winter, the average temperature is stable below 5℃ for five consecutive days, so the first day of these five days is the first day of entering the winter construction. When the temperature gradually warms up and the average daily temperature of the last group of five days is stable above 5℃, then the last day of these five days is the whole day of winter construction.

(2) According to the statistical data of central weather bureau, the winter in Xiaoyi area is defined as1October 20th to March next year 17. According to the survey, the lowest temperature in recent years is about-14℃.

3. Winter construction project of this bid section

According to the current project progress, the following projects will be carried out in winter: equipment installation, process pipeline installation, sand blasting and corrosion protection, electrical engineering and instrument engineering: conversion section, fine desulfurization section, methanol rectification section and air compressor station. The following projects will be constructed in winter: the main body and decoration of air compressor station, transformation decoration, fine desulfurization, methanol rectification section, ground, etc.

Second, the preparations for winter construction

1, strengthen the winter construction education for employees, conduct targeted winter construction education for all employees according to the characteristics of winter construction, correct the understanding of winter construction characteristics, ensure the engineering quality and realize safe production.

2. Prepare for material supply: before winter construction, carefully implement the materials needed in winter, put forward the plan of materials and machines for winter construction in time, and the materials department will distribute cold-proof articles according to the labor insurance system.

3. Do a good job in winter construction safety technical disclosure: the project manager is the first person responsible for quality and safety, and must pay attention to safety technical disclosure. The contents of safety technical disclosure mainly include explaining tasks to construction personnel, explaining construction methods, quality requirements, safety precautions in winter construction and preventive and remedial measures. Make different levels of disclosure and go deep into everyone in the team.

4. Do a good job in winter construction inspection: After the preparations for winter construction are basically ready, organize relevant personnel to conduct a comprehensive inspection of the preparations for winter construction projects, and rectify in time when problems are found, leaving no hidden dangers.

5. Arrange special personnel to observe the temperature and make records, and listen to the weather forecast in time to prevent the cold current from coming.

Three. Technical measures for major projects

1, lifting and transportation engineering

(1) All vehicles and machinery should be replaced with lubricating oil and fuel oil according to local climate conditions in winter.

(2) All vehicles and machinery shall be operated in accordance with the operating instructions and operating specifications of relevant categories.

(3) Mechanical equipment and vehicles should be filled with antifreeze according to the use requirements. Please carefully check the tightness of the system before filling. Different types of antifreeze cannot be mixed.

(4) Warm up the vehicle before starting. When the water-cooled vehicle stops running for a long time, the water should be completely discharged, and hot water should be added for preheating when it is used. For cranes, bulldozers and other machinery, it is best to preheat it when it is used after a long stop.

(5) After a period of warm-up after starting, the vehicle will start in the first gear, and then gradually speed up the operation after going out for a certain distance in the second gear. After the machine is started, it should run at no-load for a period of time before working with load.

(6) After the vehicle machinery stops working at night, the windshield and exposed main engine parts should be covered with straw mats.

2. Electrical and Instrument Engineering

(1) When the ambient temperature is lower than 0℃, electrical and instrument engineering operations are not allowed, otherwise, the transformer should be heated to a temperature higher than 10℃. All electrical equipment with oil should be inspected and tested to avoid low temperature weather as much as possible, and should be arranged above 5℃. If the ambient temperature is lower than 5℃ and the project is in urgent need of construction, it should be heated to above 5℃ for 24 hours.

② Cable heating

When heating, the surface temperature shall not exceed the following provisions:

Cable below 3KV: 40℃

6- 10KV cable: 30℃

20-35KV cable: 25℃

When there is a heat preservation shed, the temperature in the shed is 5- 10℃, and it needs to be stored continuously for three days and nights, and stored above 25℃ for one to two days and nights. The heated cable should be laid as soon as possible, and the laying time should generally not exceed one hour.

(3) Fabrication of cable head: The epoxy cold pouring material must be constructed above 15℃. Therefore, when making and seasoning, the electric stove should be used for on-site heating or insulation shed, and the pouring material must be baked in an oven at about 30℃ for more than 24 hours.

(4) Cable laying: When laying plastic rope, it should be preheated when the ambient temperature is lower than 15℃. Copper-clad plastic cables should be laid above 50℃.

(5) The adjustment of electrical appliances, instruments and equipment must be carried out in an air-conditioned environment of 20℃.

(6) The installation joints of electrical and instrument cables shall be cleaned, and the welding of conductive bus shall be carried out at a temperature above 10℃.

(7) Electrical and instrument equipment shall not be eroded by wind, snow and rain when installed, and the installation of electrical and instrument protection pipes is the same as that of pipelines.

3. Process piping

(1) The accumulated water in the hydraulic test of the valve shall be removed and wiped clean, and the valve port shall be closed and properly kept.

(2) When the pipeline is welded below 5℃, it shall be preheated, and the temperature shall be determined by technicians according to the materials and welding specifications. After welding, heat preservation and heat treatment are carried out to prevent cracks.

(3) When the pipeline system is subjected to hydrostatic test and water flushing, the accumulated water in the pipeline shall be drained.

(4) When argon arc welding is used to weld pipelines, when the wind speed is greater than 4.5m/s, a welding protective shed shall be set up. When the pipeline is welded in the protective shed, if the ambient humidity exceeds the standard, a dehumidifier or iodine lamp can be installed to reduce the relative humidity. Measures should be taken to prevent the pipeline from becoming an air duct during welding.

(5) During the pipeline hydrostatic test, anti-freezing measures should be taken when the ambient humidity is lower than 5℃, and drainage should be done in time after the pressure test.

4, equipment installation project

(1) Remove dirt, ice and snow when cleaning the equipment, drain all accumulated water during the water pressure test, and have facilities for wind, rain and snow.

(2) sundries, muddy water, ice and snow in the anchor bolt holes of the equipment shall be removed, and the grouting layer shall be carried out according to the technical requirements of the corresponding civil engineering, and the grouting layer shall be covered with interlayer velvet bags for maintenance.

(3) Anti-skid measures should be taken when transporting lifting equipment on the steel structure.

5. Interim measures

(1) Anti-freezing of water pipes: temporary water sources used in various construction sites and processing workshops, horizontal water pipes exposed on the ground should be covered with soil, vertical water pipes should be wrapped with straw ropes and reinforced with cement paper, and residual water must be inverted after rubber water pipes are used up, with both ends hanging in the middle of the pipes.

(2) Reconstruction of temporary buildings: the tool room, processing room, operation room and temporary canteen are reconstructed and insulated.

(3) Insulation of fire-fighting water storage bucket: the fire-fighting water storage bucket should be insulated against freezing, and the fire-fighting bucket should be hung next to the fire-fighting water storage bucket, and misappropriation is strictly prohibited.

(4) Protection of fire extinguishers: Fire extinguishers must be buried in sawdust boxes or wrapped with ropes and covered with insulation bags, and measures should be taken to prevent rain and snow.

6. Ambient temperature measurement

(1) Each construction site shall set up temperature measuring points according to different construction environments, which shall be measured and recorded by relevant personnel.

(2) If it belongs to construction temperature measurement, it should be measured every 4 hours, and it should be carried out on time in all weather.

7. After parking, take drainage and anti-freezing measures for the commissioning project to ensure the safety of complete sets of equipment.

8. Furnace building project

Industrial furnaces should be built in a heating environment in winter. The temperature around the workplace and masonry should not be lower than 5℃.

(1) Refractory materials and precast blocks should be preheated to above 0℃ before laying. The construction temperature of clay refractory castable, water glass refractory castable and phosphate refractory castable should not be lower than 10℃.

(2) Cement refractory castable can be cured by heat storage or heating. The temperature of silicate cement refractory castable by heating method shall not exceed 80℃; The temperature for heating high alumina cement refractory castable shall not exceed 30℃.

(3) Dry heat method should be adopted for curing clay, sodium silicate and phosphate refractory castable. The temperature for heating water glass refractory castable shall not exceed 60℃.

(4) Chemical accelerators should not be added into refractory castable.

(5) The water for preparing refractory castable can be heated, and the heating temperature is: the water temperature of portland cement refractory castable should not exceed 60℃, and the water temperature of high alumina cement refractory castable should not exceed 30℃. Cement shall not be directly heated, and shall be stored in greenhouse before use.

(5) During painting construction, in addition to heating the aggregate and water before loading them into the mixer, thermal insulation measures should also be taken for the shell of spray pipe, water pipe and spraying furnace (or pipeline).

(6) During winter construction, special construction records should be made, which should indicate the temperature of the outside air, the temperature around the workplace and lining, the temperature in the heating material greenhouse, and the temperature of refractory castable, paint and mud during mixing, use and maintenance.

Four, winter construction safety measures

1, to prevent fire

(1) The heating facilities in dormitories, offices, lounges and other places should meet the fire prevention requirements, and electric furnaces are strictly prohibited.

(2) Special attention should be paid to fire prevention in sheds and other facilities built of flammable materials on the site. There should be a special person on duty in the place with water source, and a sufficient number of fire prevention equipment should be set up.

(3) For lighting bulbs, the lamp holder must be separated from combustible materials, and no wire ends shall be left on the base.

(4) After the snowstorm, on-site electrical maintenance personnel should clean and inspect the power supply lines, switches and other facilities. Welding machines, cranes and other electrical equipment used in the open air should be protected against snow and rain.

(5) Combustible materials such as boards, linoleum, oiled paper, plastics, etc. The sundries in the switch box should be cleaned in time and placed in the designated place.

(6) Oxygen cylinders and acetylene cylinders should be placed in an independent, unheated, dry and naturally ventilated warehouse.

(7) The oil used for cleaning equipment and commissioning should be stored away from the fire source.

(8) It is forbidden to use open fire for heating in the construction site, and it is forbidden to set off fireworks and firecrackers in important places such as warehouses.

(9) The construction site shall be equipped with sufficient fire-fighting equipment and equipment according to different places, and the fire-fighting water tank and water pipe shall be insulated.

2, anti-skid, to prevent traffic accidents

(1) Scaffolds, escalators, working platforms and workplaces at the top of troughs must be kept free of ice and snow. If they are slightly frozen and need work, anti-slip materials such as sand, sawdust and straw bags must be laid.

(2) All kinds of lifting equipment must have perfect braking devices and slings. The slings must be kept clean and frost-free, and anti-skid measures must be taken for strapping equipment.

(3) When the car is driving in snow and ice, it must slow down and avoid using emergency braking when going up and down slopes or turning.

(4) After the construction, all kinds of cars or mechanical equipment should be parked on the hard ground, and it is forbidden to park on the ice.

3, antifreeze and explosion protection

(1) When working outdoors in winter, especially when working at high altitude in cold weather, you should wear warm clothes and a helmet to prevent freezing and numbness.

(2) Car drivers and mechanical operators should drain the cooling water in the engine after receiving the car every day.

(3) If the oxygen valve and pressure reducing valve freeze, they can be thawed with hot water or steam. It is forbidden to bake with flame or knock with iron.

(4) Oxygen cylinders and acetylene cylinders should be kept away from fire sources, and the movements should be light.

(5) Coordination of measures (attached with schedule)

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