One-legged donkey and 4 in the front and 12 in the rear: those truck models that were once very popular but were eliminated by policies

Trucks, as one of the important productivity tools, have played a great role in my country's economic development. However, due to various reasons, various types of explosively modified and magically modified models have emerged in an endless stream, which has also hindered the freight industry. healthy development.

Fortunately, with the implementation and advancement of policies and standards such as the 2016 version of GB1589 and the 2017 version of GB7258, the industry has also experienced a major earthquake. Some industry big brothers who have been in the clouds for more than ten years have been sentenced to "lifeless work." imprisonment".

Now my brother will take you to review those models that have disappeared or gradually disappeared due to policies.

In 2004, my country adjusted its expressway tolling model to weight-based tolling; in the same year, the Ministry of Transport issued the "Notice on the Implementation Plan for the National Implementation of Vehicle Over-limit and Overloading Control Work-2004", which clearly mentioned six-axle and For vehicles with six axles or more, the total cargo volume shall not exceed 55 tons.

Keeping businessmen immediately sensed business opportunities: they added a steering axle to the original 4x2 model, thereby creating a vehicle with the same load capacity as a 6*4 vehicle, but with a lighter weight. 6*2 double guide model. Because there is only one drive axle, many truck enthusiasts also gave it a friendly nickname - one-legged donkey.

Many truck enthusiasts mistakenly believe that this one-legged donkey is a unique model of our country, but this is not the case.

According to my brother’s understanding, the originator of this type of truck should be the Mercedes-Benz LP333 truck. In addition, the British Foden Truck, the American GMC, and the former Soviet Union’s MAZ and other truck brands have all been produced. 6*2 dual front axle model, but they all chose to stop producing this type of model with heavy drive shaft load and high failure rate in the 1970s and 1980s.

○?Picture丨British Foden Truck

○?Picture丨American GMC Truck

○?Picture丨Former Soviet Union MAZ520V tractor

The success and decline of the 6*2 dual-guidance model in China is by no means accidental. Policies made it possible and also defeated it.

In 2016, the new GB1589 was released. The total mass of the 6*2 double-guided semi-trailer tractor was limited to 46 tons, which was 3 tons less than the 6*4 model. It has a light weight and a large load capacity. The advantage was gone, and truck owners sold their cars one after another and turned to 6*4 semi-trailer tractors.

The groups that are still using 6*2 dual-guide traction are mainly industries represented by express delivery and have low load capacity requirements. Due to working conditions, these industries do not need to reach full load and do not need to rely on Volume to make profit.

At about the same time, probably around 2006-2007, there were also weird models on the market, such as the top four and the rear ten, and the front four and the twelve. Among them, the most impressive one , it must be a Hongyan Xin Dakang truck with four front and twelve or six axles at the rear.

Also thanks to the policy, the load capacity of this type of vehicle is much larger than that of the top four and rear eight trucks at that time. For example, the total mass of the Hongyan Xin Dakang from 2006 can reach At 52 tons, it is larger than many semi-trailers today. Even if it is judged according to the "921 New Super Regulations", it can still be "legally driven on the road."

Unfortunately, the announcement of such five- and six-axle models was canceled in June 2008. In terms of time, it only became popular for about two years, but many cards that have owned it have Friends have indeed made money. Back then, if you had a Hongyan Xin Dakang that was more than a year old, the second-hand car could still be sold at the price of a new car. You can imagine its popularity back then. degree.

Nowadays, most announcements of such five-axle vehicles are used as export or special vehicle chassis. Announcements of six-axle trucks have basically disappeared. After all, the existence of this type of vehicle makes it possible to obtain a B2 driver's license. Driving a truck with a higher total mass than a semi-trailer tractor is not conducive to the healthy development of the freight market.

We can’t play with the number of axles, so let’s start with the size of the cargo compartment.

Also in the early years, the trick of "lengthening and widening" began to disrupt the freight market, especially in the field of elderly scooters and motorcycle transportation, and "abnormal" bicycles that everyone could not imagine appeared again.

Most of these models are based on ordinary 6*2 or 4*2 bicycles. The cargo compartment is modified: a retractable telescopic panel is installed at the rear, an upper horizontal plate is added, and the cargo compartment is loaded. The capacity can easily be doubled, and the most exaggerated one can carry 20 elderly scooters. Now many compliant transport vehicles can only bow down to them and shout respectfully: How awesome!

It would be even more extreme if you are transporting motorcycles. After modification, a 4*2 bicycle can easily reach a length of 15 meters. The upper and lower layers are designed: 6 units in one row and 9 rows in one layer, which is 54 There are 54 motorcycles on each of the upper and lower floors. One floor is 108 motorcycles. By analogy, the four in the front and the four in the back can hold 126 motorcycles, and the four in the front and the eight in the back can hold 154 motorcycles.

Since most of these models have a secondary lengthening of the chassis, the toughness of the beams is not the same as that of the original car. Therefore, the risk of beam breakage for this type of car is much higher than that of ordinary cars. , structural defects caused it to slowly withdraw from the stage of history.

In addition to the general goods market, there is no shortage of "smart" people in the car market. Based on the idea of ??"I don't violate other people's rules, and I lose money when others make money", how to make one's own car pull more became a popular "comparison" behavior at that time.

The passenger car industry has become the hardest hit area for overloading. In addition to working hard on the length of the car body, some "skilled craftsmen" have also focused on the width of the car body. By widening the upper pallet, two cars can be placed side by side, so that up to 18 new cars can be loaded at a time. This is also the model that everyone later called the "two monsters".

Over time, "aircraft boards" and "two monsters" began to become mainstream, and the length of the vehicle easily exceeded 20 or 30 meters. Even single-row loaded sedans were generally lengthened to meet more needs. Transportation requirements.

On the other hand, since the length of this type of car exceeds the normal size, it is basically impossible to observe the situation behind the vehicle with the rearview mirror alone. At this time, two people are required to cooperate: use a walkie-talkie, When turning or reversing, one person needs to get out of the car to direct the vehicle; when loading and unloading commercial vehicles, one must also pay more attention. There is not much space left for the driver, and the vehicle is almost in a state of close contact with the vehicle.

On August 18, 2016, the Ministry of Transport issued the "Vehicle Transport Vehicle Control Work Plan", which clearly prohibited "double-cab vehicles", "airplane boards" and other illegal transport vehicles from entering the expressway, and proposed The illegal transport vehicles on the road were dealt with in three steps, and the entire car transport industry began to move toward standardization.

Before 2016, the 17-meter-5-meter large slabs could still disrupt the market with their ultra-large transportation capacity; all kinds of abnormal car-carrying aircraft slabs were still forcibly "crowding" normal driving vehicles; flatbed automatic slabs Unloading semi-trailers has been included in the announcement management system of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology.

At that time, the flatbed dump semi-trailer was a product with a very vague positioning. This name was not the official name definition. It was between a low flatbed semi-trailer and a dump semi-trailer. One of the models among them has entered the product announcement stage with priority just because of the huge market demand.

It is also because of the update of GB1589-2016: the total mass of three-axle semi-trailers can reach 40 tons, and flatbed dump semi-trailers have begun to "flex their muscles" in the dump market.

This type of semi-trailer flatbed truck is fixed by welding or bolting. It can pull about 30 tons of cargo when the standard load is removed, and it can even pull 40 or 50 tons when overloaded. Such considerable transportation volume is also one of the reasons for the popularity of flatbed dump semi-trailers.

The emergence of flatbed dump semi-trailers is to meet the needs of the large-volume dump truck market. In today's era of sluggish freight prices, Dora's various operations such as fast running and over-limit driving have also made this model popular. On the cusp of the storm.

Because the announcement on the flatbed dump semi-trailer is for ordinary semi-trailers, but the actual situation is that this type of vehicle does not completely belong to the type of semi-trailer, which leads to the lack of corresponding product standards to restrict it. Without restraint, he will naturally start to go crazy. The "100-ton King" that was popular in the past few years is basically this type of model.

On July 29, 2019, the National Standards Committee issued the "China National Standard Announcement No. 9 of 2019". The final decision on flatbed semi-trailer dump trucks is: starting from August 1, 2019, flatbed semi-trailer dump trucks The production of unloading semi-trailers has been discontinued, and the main force in sand and gravel transportation in the future may be replaced by standard rear-turning and side-turning dump trucks.

I personally think that the emergence and decline of these models exactly reflect the state's macro-control of the freight market in various periods. Some models have completely disappeared, and some have been reinvented and reborn. They are all in my country's freight industry. left its mark on history.

But in the final analysis, if these strange models are allowed to grow wildly without control, it will not only endanger road traffic safety, but also hinder the healthy development of the market. I also look forward to the long-term and healthy development of the freight market.

This article comes from the author of Autohome Chejiahao and does not represent the views and positions of Autohome.