How to prevent leaks in gas station oil pipelines

Protection technologies and measures for static electricity disasters in gas stations

Grounding of anti-static facilities

Static grounding of gas stations is to use wires to connect oil storage tanks, oil pipelines, and refueling stations. Facilities such as the machine oil unloading platform are connected to the earth, so that the conductor potential is close to the earth potential. The oil unloading ground wire should be connected to the anti-static grounding body at the same potential. Obviously, the purpose of grounding is to provide a channel for the electrostatic charge on the charged body to leak to the earth, so as to prevent the accumulation of static charge on the charged body or the increase of the electrostatic potential. It is necessary to frequently check the grounding of the refueling nozzle and the connection of the flange on the pipeline, eliminate rust in time, and ensure that the grounding resistance of the entire grounding system is not greater than 1008. Note: When the three grounding systems of anti-static, lightning protection and power frequency electrical use one grounding body, the grounding resistance should be selected according to the minimum value, generally 4 to 108.

Increase air humidity

Humidification mainly increases the leakage of static electricity along the surface of the insulating medium, rather than increasing the leakage of static electricity. Humidification of hydrophilic substances can not only accelerate the leakage of static electricity and prevent the accumulation of static electricity, but also increase the minimum ignition energy of explosive mixtures. At gas stations, water vapor or water is mainly sprayed into the refueling area, oil storage tank area, oil unloading area, and tank trucks to keep the relative humidity in the gas station area within the range of 65 to 75.

Doping reduces resistivity

To effectively leak static electricity on charged objects, the grounding method is only applicable to charged metal conductors or static conductors and sub-conductors, while increasing humidity can only Effective for hydrophilic charged media. To effectively leak the charge of electrostatic non-conductors with high resistivity, it can only be solved by reducing their resistivity and improving conductivity. That is, adding impurities that can reduce resistivity to dielectric materials such as fuel, plastic products, etc. Improve its conductive properties. Theory and experiments show that for solid materials, when the resistivity drops below 1098cm, static electricity can be effectively leaked and the dangerous accumulation of static electricity can be prevented; as for liquids, when the resistivity drops below 10108cm, the danger of static electricity can be eliminated. The antistatic agent commonly used in the market belongs to the chemical doping method. Antistatic agents have strong hygroscopicity and conductivity and are worthy of promotion and application.

Ionized air method

The ionized air method is to install a static neutralizer to ionize the air and generate a large number of ionization (generally positive and negative ion pairs) necessary to eliminate static electricity. . The ionized air method is easy to use and does not affect fuel quality.

Control the degree of danger in the place

In motor vehicle gas stations, ventilation devices should be installed mainly in enclosed dangerous spaces to discharge explosive mixtures (such as possible oil mist, etc.) in a timely manner, so that The concentration of the mixture does not exceed the lower explosive limit.

Human body electrostatic protection

Human activity is also one of the sources of static electricity in gas stations. Due to the complexity of human body charging, a complete human body anti-static system should be established. This system can be considered to be composed of anti-static work clothes, shoes and socks, floors, etc., supplemented when necessary by anti-static wristbands, gloves, foot covers, hats, aprons, etc., as well as workbenches, seats, etc., all belong to the anti-static system category. This integrated protection system combines static leakage, neutralization and shielding functions. In addition to the above measures, on the premise that various safety protection facilities and equipment are in good condition, gas station staff should hold certificates and operate in strict accordance with the regulations. This is the most direct and effective means to prevent static electricity disaster accidents. Various Positive and negative examples repeatedly prove this truth. Countermeasures to prevent accidents caused by smoking

1. Strengthen safety control and education

Fires and explosions at gas stations caused by smoking are all caused by human factors. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the safety of gas station personnel Education is particularly important. On the one hand, it is necessary to carry out regular oil knowledge learning so that staff can understand the properties, characteristics and oil vapor explosion limits of various oil products, and subjectively enhance their awareness of accident prevention. At the same time, typical cases of fire and explosion accidents caused by smoking should be used to provide warning education to the personnel inside the gas station so that they can fully understand the harm of smoking to individuals, families, units, and society, improve their sense of responsibility, consciously quit smoking, or avoid smoking at the gas station. Smoking.

On the other hand, it is necessary to strengthen the control of surrounding personnel outside the station and external refueling personnel, drivers and passengers, and effectively conduct inspections and supervision and guidance to ensure safety "inside" and "outside the station". To improve the construction of supporting facilities, new gas stations must be designed and constructed in strict accordance with the technical requirements of GB50156-2002 (Code for Design and Construction of Automobile Refueling Stations). For gas stations that are not built according to standards, accidents left during the construction process should be promptly searched hidden dangers, and further improve the construction of supporting facilities in accordance with the "Specifications", such as unreasonable oil unloading and refueling process systems, breathing ducts, oil tanks installed in oil tank rooms, oil pipelines laid in trenches, as well as thermal, oil, and electrical* **Use pipe trenches, etc. to minimize the emission of oil and gas under normal conditions and prevent the escape and accumulation of oil and gas under abnormal conditions and the transformation of non-explosive dangerous places into explosive dangerous places. Strictly control fire sources and strictly prohibit fireworks. In such places, strict control of fire sources (fire) is a necessary measure to eliminate hidden dangers of accidents. However, some gas stations have a serious fluke mentality in the management of fire sources (fire), turning a blind eye to smoking and failing to supervise externally. The management of personnel only requires requirements, no inspections, and lacks necessary tough measures. It relies entirely on the consciousness and initiative of outsiders, which makes it common for outsiders to smoke in dangerous places. If this situation does not change, accidents will occur. It will become inevitable. Therefore, it is strictly forbidden to carry and store fire inside gas stations, and it is also necessary to strengthen supervision and inspection of gas station personnel. A sound supervision mechanism is the guarantee for the implementation of the system. Supervision of personnel and customers, clear warning slogans should be set up at the entrance of the gas station, and gas station personnel should be required to give verbal reminders to customers. When the gas station is undergoing construction and renovation, construction personnel should be given safety education before construction, especially. Emphasize the reason and harm of smoking in gas stations. During the construction process, special personnel must be on-site to supervise. Especially when there is a fire, the scope must be strictly controlled, and the oil and gas concentration at the fire site must be monitored in real time to ensure safe construction without accidents. .