Study on Strategies of Cultivating Good Study Habits of Rural Pupils

American psychologist william james said: "Sow the next action and you will get a habit;" Sow a habit and you will gain a character; Sow a character and you will reap a fate. " ; It can be seen that a good habit is very important for a person's life. In a person's limited life, childhood is a critical period for a person to form habits, and it is also the best period. How to lay a good foundation for life in this period requires basic educators to seriously think and practice hard.

In today's society, the number of only children is increasing gradually, and the difference of children's intelligence factors is getting smaller and smaller. Positive personality characteristics such as good habits-non-intelligence factors are becoming more and more important. Statistics of teaching research at home and abroad show that for most students, 20% of learning quality is related to intelligence factors and 80% to non-intelligence factors. Learning to learn is more important than learning knowledge. Teaching students to learn to learn will benefit them for life, and whether they can learn to learn often depends on their study habits. If they study well, they will have a high awareness of learning, study hard and have high learning efficiency. If the study habits are not good, students' consciousness will be poor, which will lead to a series of problems, and naturally they will not study.

The students in Linjiang Primary School mainly come from rural areas, and there are many left-behind students. Most parents have gone out to work for many years, and their family education concept is not strong. Some parents think that educating children is only a school matter, and only let these children eat and wear warm clothes. Nothing else matters. Some parents entrust the task of educating their children to the older generation, who spoil their children too much. Therefore, most children have poor study habits. On the other hand, due to the long-term imprisonment of exam-oriented education, many teachers have neglected the cultivation of students' study habits, blindly pursued high marks, and adopted some educational means for quick success, such as "cramming", "naval warfare" and "criticism plus lessons", which made many students develop bad habits such as desertion in class, sloppy homework, lying and escaping.

In order to change this situation, better implement the concept of new curriculum reform, enable students to understand and master effective learning strategies, develop good study habits, and lay a solid foundation for their lifelong learning, we put forward the research topic of "Study on the Cultivation Strategies of Good Study Habits for Rural Primary School Students".

Second, the definition of the topic

1. Habit: The so-called habit, according to the interpretation of modern Chinese dictionaries, refers to the behaviors and tendencies that are gradually developed through long-term repetition and continuous reinforcement, which are not easy to change for a while and can be consolidated for a certain job.

2. Learning habits: refers to the relatively stable behavior formed by students in learning activities to achieve learning effects. Once formed, it will become an automatic tendency and need of learning activities, and it will be automatically expressed. The cultivation of learning habits is to guide students to acquire learning quality, learning ability and learning methods for a long time, thus forming relatively stable learning behavior.

3. Good study habits: It is a highly conscious, active, independent and lasting behavior, and it is an important part of a person's learning conduct. Good study habits have many effects on a person's growth. It is an important way for students to acquire knowledge, a bridge for students' intellectual development and an important means to cultivate students' innovative spirit. The formation of good study habits is a process of strict training, long-term accumulation and gradual rise. With the gradual formation, maturity and stereotypes of study habits, it eventually becomes an important part of students' personality.

Based on the concept of quality education and the present situation of students' study habits in our school, this topic focuses on the study habits of Chinese, mathematics and comprehensive subjects on the basis of studying the cultivation of basic study habits.

Third, the basis of research

1, related theories of modern educational psychology.

Modern educational psychology holds that: firstly, individual's study habit is a dynamic system of individual's internal self-adaptation. Once a habit is formed, people's dominant psychological reaction is to maintain a habit rather than change it, which is the law followed by the formation of learning habits. Secondly, among personality factors, personality is also an important condition for forming study habits, and the influence of will characteristics is particularly obvious. Primary school is a critical period for students' physical and mental development, and it is also a golden stage for personality cultivation. Rural primary school students will develop some bad study habits because of many factors.

2. The educational thoughts of celebrities.

Teenagers are natural and accustomed to nature. -Confucius

What is education? In short, we should develop good study habits-educator Ye Shengtao.

In fact, all education is ultimately to cultivate good habits. -educator Locke

People's thoughts mostly depend on their own inclinations, and their words and expressions depend on their own knowledge and absorbed opinions. But their behavior follows the usual habits. Habit is a tenacious and huge force, which can dominate a person's life. Therefore, people should cultivate a good habit through education from an early age. There is no doubt that the habit of starting from childhood is the most perfect, which we call education. Education is actually an early habit. -Francis, a famous British thinker? bacon

3. Policy basis

"the State Council's Decision on the Reform and Development of Basic Education" clearly points out in the chapter "Deepening the reform of education and teaching and solidly promoting quality education" that primary education should start with the formation of behavior habits.

Fourth, the research objectives

1, improve teachers' understanding of the importance of habit cultivation, help students establish a good sense of study habits, and clarify the requirements of good study habits.

2. Explore effective strategies to cultivate students' good study habits, improve students' learning ability and lay the foundation for lifelong learning.

3. Explore the evaluation methods of primary school students' study habits, and promote the consolidation and development of good study habits.

The research content of verb (abbreviation of verb)

1. Investigation and analysis of students' study habits. Using the method of combining in-class and out-of-class surveys, through questionnaires and interviews, we can understand the current situation of students' study habits and make attribution analysis.

2. Carry out teacher training in research groups, update educational concepts, learn relevant educational theories to cultivate students' good study habits, and clarify the training objectives and contents of study habits.

3. Actively carry out research activities to explore effective strategies to cultivate students' good study habits.

4. Explore and refine the evaluation methods of pupils' good study habits.

VI. Research objects and methods

1, the subjects: all the students in Linjiang Primary School 1-6. 1 class, class 2 (1), class 3 (2) and class 4 (2) are the experimental classes in this study.

2. Research methods:

(1). Investigation method

Before opening the topic, design a questionnaire and conduct relevant investigations. Understand the main problems, the ability, level and practical experience of students, teachers and parents. At the same time, we should also understand the theory and practice related to the cultivation of study habits, formulate practical experimental schemes and conduct feasibility studies.

(2) Case analysis method

In view of the problems existing in individual students, do a good job in the accumulation and analysis of case materials and give individual guidance.

(3) Action research method

Cultivating students' study habits should be closely combined with daily education and teaching. Attention should be paid to carrying out research in school education and family education practice to solve practical problems. Pay attention to summarize while learning, evaluate the experimental effect, adjust the scheme, modify the scheme, and then learn.

Seven. Research steps

The first stage: the preparation stage (2011.3-2011.1).

1, set up a research group, collect relevant information, establish research topics, formulate implementation plans, declare topics and conduct topic demonstration.

2. Organize the members of the research group to participate in the training, update the teachers' educational concept, learn and understand the relevant educational theories on the cultivation of good study habits of primary school students, and clarify the objectives and contents of the cultivation of study habits.

3. Investigate the current situation of primary school students' study habits and analyze the causes of bad habits.

The second stage: practical research stage (2011.12—2011.7).

1, modify the project plan, start research, and guide teachers to turn the new curriculum concept into educational action.

2. Use case analysis and action research to carry out research activities step by step and explore effective strategies to cultivate students' good study habits.

3. Explore and refine the evaluation methods of primary school students' good study habits through classroom teaching visits, home visits and teachers' observation.

4. Constantly reflect and summarize in stages, and summarize the research results in action research.

The third stage: summary stage (2011.8—20112).

1, do a good job of post-test and effect evaluation of the experiment.

2, testing, data processing and analysis, to form a result.

3. Write a research report, collect papers and cases, compile them into a corpus, and prepare for the closing activities.

Eight. Research results and analysis

(1) investigated and analyzed the study habits of rural primary school students.

In order to fully understand the current situation of rural primary school students' learning habits and make the research more targeted, the research group conducted the first phase of primary school students' learning habits survey by means of questionnaires, seminars and interviews. First of all, through the observation of Chinese and math teachers in their usual teaching, the study habits of students are analyzed. Then, according to the questionnaire made in advance, students are randomly selected from three classes for investigation. Subsequently, five students in each class were organized to discuss individually and visit some parents. After various investigations and analysis, the current situation of students' study habits in our school is as follows:

1, the basic situation of study habits

(1) Students' cognitive status. All students want to be a person with good study habits, but limited by the age and cognitive characteristics of first-grade children, they can't well realize the important significance of good study habits for their future development. In the consciousness of most students, forming good study habits is only for getting a good grade, and only 10% of students can better say that good study habits can help themselves in all aspects. 20% of second-year students can say that good study habits can help them in all aspects, and the proportion of fourth-year students is slightly higher. 55% students know their importance, but they may not have good study habits. This shows that the first urgent problem we study is to gradually establish students' correct consciousness in the usual teaching work.

Students can distinguish which habits are good and which habits are bad, which shows that they have the ability to distinguish. However, in their own study life, 67% of students are in a state of talking but not doing, which reflects that students' good study habits have not yet been developed, and also tells us that it is bound to be a long-term and repeated training process to cultivate children's good study habits in teaching.

(2) the performance of bad study habits

① Poor work habits.

There are not many students who can do "one foot, one punch and one inch", which is very casual. Especially when holding the pen, there are some strange gestures, such as: holding the pen with three fingers, the pen inclines forward or stands upright, the thumb presses the index finger, and the middle finger presses the pen hard to reach the second bone key, so that the phenomenon of inverted pen is serious, and the written words can not achieve symmetrical, correct and beautiful effects.

It takes a long time to do homework, especially homework. If you do it for a while and play it for a while, you can't finish it at once, which is inefficient. You don't have the habit of checking carefully after you finish, including exams.

② Lack of the habit of listening carefully and taking notes.

It is a good habit to listen to the teacher carefully in class, but many students are not good at listening to the speeches of their peers, let alone evaluating or supplementing their opinions. Junior students, in particular, often only care about what they want to say and don't listen to what others are saying, so that they stand up and answer exactly the same as someone in front of them, but he is unaware of it, indicating that they are not listening to others' speeches carefully.

The consciousness of taking notes is very poor. Almost half of the students didn't preview their notes and didn't take notes in class. The teacher said, "Please take notes" before he knew that he had to start writing.

(3) The accumulated habits are not generally developed.

The "new curriculum standard" puts forward requirements for accumulation, but not only some teachers pay attention to the cultivation of this habit, but also there are some problems: only pay attention to accumulation in class, but not after class; Only pay attention to after-class accumulation, not before class accumulation; Only pay attention to written accumulation, not to reading and reciting accumulation; Only pay attention to the form of accumulation, not to the role of accumulation.

There is something wrong with reading habits.

Some students have a narrow reading range and hardly read any other books except textbooks. Students generally read silently too slowly. 80% students are not confident in reading aloud, and they make serious mistakes, not to mention reading aloud with emotion. Students' basic requirements and procedures for intensive reading are not clear.

Students basically have no habit of previewing before class, and always wait for the teacher to ask or have a new lesson together. Even if a few students preview before class, they just read the text, and there is no habit of "not reading without moving pen and ink"

With the growth of grade, fewer and fewer students raise their hands. The more "encouraged", the less willing they are to raise their hands.

⑤ Lack of internal motivation for learning.

Many students take part in learning activities under the supervision of teachers. Once teachers turn their attention to other students, they can't consciously participate in learning activities and do something unrelated to learning. After returning home, due to the low education level of rural parents and the miscellaneous farm work, and because many students are left-behind students, parents can't face their children's study at all, so their study after returning home is even more unconscious and even breeds many problems, such as lying and shirking.

2. Analysis of the causes of bad study habits.

(1) Family reasons

Bad family environment and education have a great influence on students' study habits. Rural economic conditions are limited, and little investment is made in children's study. Parents' awareness level is low, such as buying extra-curricular books for their children. Parents can't lead by example to educate their children. For example, few parents read books and newspapers and answer their children's questions. Some parents don't understand the educational methods, and their children go astray in their thoughts and can't guide them correctly, which leads to the formation of bad study habits. In addition, parents' going out to work has a greater impact on their children's study. Of the 49 students in Class 6 (3) in our school, 1 1, accounting for 22.4%. There are 13 single parents, accounting for 26.5%. Among these students who lack parental care, 50% have poor study habits.

(2) School reasons

Students' problems in writing, listening, preview, accumulation, homework, reading and other habits are also directly related to teachers' education. In the investigation, it is found that some teachers have the following problems: ① In classroom teaching, some teachers only have teaching plans in mind, but do not pay attention to standardizing classroom discipline, and take favorable measures to guide students to participate in learning activities, which leads to students' distraction; (2) Some teachers' teaching methods are outdated, the teaching content is boring, students' dominant position in the classroom has not been established, and the classroom atmosphere is not democratic and harmonious enough, which leads to some students' thinking and speech being inactive; (3) Some teachers have unclear requirements for students' good study habits, and students don't understand the connotation of this good study habit, so naturally they don't know how to do it; (4) Some teachers don't pay attention to setting an example. ⑤ There are not many training measures for teachers and the effect is not very good.

(3) Social and self reasons

Due to the lack of comprehensive and correct analysis and judgment ability of growing children, some cultural places and literary works that are not suitable for students to contact also have a bad influence on the formation of students' study habits. In addition, most children nowadays lack the spirit of hardship. They don't know how to attend classes, do their homework and don't want to spend time studying.

(2) The basic requirements and training objectives of primary school students' study habits in Linjiang City have been formulated, and the objectives and contents have been clarified by teachers and students.

After selecting the research topic, the school realized that in order to make the research effective, teachers and students should not only understand the importance of cultivating good study habits, but also clarify the content requirements and goals to be achieved. To this end, the school conducted a study and discussion through a special meeting for teachers. According to the present situation of students' study habits in our school, the research group has worked out the basic requirements and training objectives of primary school students' study habits in Linjiang city, and printed the content requirements of study habits training into learning materials and sent them to every teacher, asking them to keep them in mind and speak freely. Students are also preached through theme class meetings, on-campus broadcasts and publicity columns. Ask students to remember the content of habits and make clear the requirements of habits. (For details, see the attached table 1 Linjiang Primary School Students' Learning Habits Training Objectives and Basic Requirements).

(3) Explore and summarize effective strategies to cultivate good study habits of rural primary school students.

1, the school's management strategy for the cultivation of study habits.

Many experts often say that the research of school projects is the top priority. In fact, it means that the principal of the school should pay attention to research. As long as the principal attaches importance to research and actively organizes and arranges research activities, the research will be effective. Under the leadership of the headmaster, our school has taken active measures in school management and worked hard to form a management strategy to promote good study habits, so as to ensure the orderly and effective implementation of the project.

(1) Improve the system and re-train.

In order to ensure that the project research does not go through the motions and achieve practical results, the school has formulated and improved a series of management systems for the project research. For example, the teaching and research work system of Linjiang primary school aims to enable every teacher to participate in the research and form a working atmosphere of "everyone has a topic"; In the research system of teaching and research group in Linjiang Primary School, teachers of teaching and research group and experimental class are required to participate in activities regularly, set time, place, theme and center spokesperson, so as to be serious and active in each activity, collect, sort out and study materials on time, and communicate in time to improve the research effectiveness. Linjiang Primary School Teachers' Teaching and Scientific Research Achievement Award and Linjiang Primary School Teaching and Scientific Research Activists Selection Method are an incentive system aimed at encouraging all teachers to delve into education and teaching business, actively participate in education and teaching research, and strive to win the education and scientific research achievement award.

In addition to the above-mentioned management systems, the research group of our school has also formulated the research system for the study and training of the members of the research group and the research meeting system of the research group, which has ensured the smooth implementation of the research from the system.

In addition, the school requires all class teachers to grasp the psychological characteristics of primary school students' competitiveness and establish an effective incentive system. For example, open up various appraisal columns and send a small red flower to students who listen carefully, speak actively and concentrate in class every week. Send a smiling face for every two red flowers and a red flag for every three smiling faces. After a semester, we will compete for more red flags. Take this as one of the important contents of evaluating excellent students. In this way, students are assessed fairly, openly and justly, which fully mobilizes their initiative and effectively promotes the formation of good study habits.

(2) Re-cultivate teaching routine.

Requirements for lesson preparation: all teachers should combine the actual situation of the subject content they teach, and the lesson plan should include the content of cultivating students' good study habits. The content of cultivating students' study habits in different disciplines should have different emphases, and whether there is any content of cultivating students' study habits in the teaching plan should be one of the indexes to evaluate excellent, good, medium and poor teaching plans.

Class requirements: The school requires teachers to standardize students' habits of reading, writing, attending classes and taking notes in class at all times, and pay attention to cultivating students' listening, speaking, reading and writing abilities. When the bell rings, the teacher should remind the students to prepare books for the next class.

Requirements for class evaluation: When evaluating teachers' public courses, demonstration courses and teaching and research courses, it is one of the important contents to pay attention to the cultivation of students' study habits and whether there is guidance for the cultivation of classroom habits. The school has also specially formulated a classroom teaching evaluation form to cultivate students' study habits.

Homework marking requirements: all teachers should correct and evaluate students' answers from three aspects: correctness, writing and format, and often provide simple words and patterns to encourage them, changing the simple practice of only using "√" and "×" as evaluation in the past.

We know that the process determines the result. In daily teaching activities, we have fully infiltrated the content of cultivating study habits, making the cultivation of good study habits an important task for all teachers.

(3) Re-training of class management.

Class is the main position of habit cultivation, and the school puts forward requirements for each class:

Management of class meeting activities: each class is required to carry out class meeting activities with the theme of "developing good study habits" at least eight times per semester, which are regularly inspected by the Political and Educational Affairs Office and linked to the monthly selection of "excellent class style".

Class daily education management: In daily education activities, our school has achieved "three combinations": the combination of reciting ballads and behavior education, the combination of monitoring by leaders and teachers and the management of student union cadres, and the combination of monitoring by class committee cadres and mutual supervision by students.

In this way, perseverance and continuous strengthening of training will enable students to improve their self-education ability and gradually develop good study habits.

(4) Optimize the environment for re-cultivation.

Campus is a place where teachers and students live and study, and campus environmental education resources are rich. Our school strives to create a beautiful and elegant campus environment, with overall layout and careful design, so that every wall and corner can play a unique educational function, so that teachers and students in the school can cultivate their sentiments while enjoying the beautiful environment, and "moisten things quietly" affects their behavior and thoughts.

Taking advantage of the existing conditions, the school has written slogans on the walls of campus walls and teaching buildings, which embodies the school's school-running philosophy and habit-forming theme. Exquisite cultural corridors, activity exhibition boards, paragraph descriptions and pictures of people show the concept of cultivating school study habits and publicize the exemplary power of students who love learning and learn to learn. These silent languages have played a subtle role in cultivating students' study habits.

Create classroom atmosphere and cultivate environment. The school requires that the classroom layout of each class should have its own characteristics, so as to create an atmosphere for cultivating study habits. Cultural columns are colorful, wall slogans are full of passion, cartoon patterns are full of interest, about writing display, about homework evaluation, about reciting texts, about listening in class, about reading accumulation ... each content has a very interesting name, and the characteristics of annual training objectives are very prominent. In the lower grades, there are "take the safflower home" and "I have made progress and I am happy!" "I am the best!" There are "product challenge", "slim show", "diligent accumulation and clever use" and "once you get used to it, everything will be easy" ... There are "Mo Xiangtai", "I picked it out" and "You asked a few questions today" in senior grades ... These inspiring languages are undoubtedly like a needle catalyst, encouraging students to constantly standardize their study behavior and form good study habits.