How to master multiple languages ??proficiently?

It is said that Engels knew 22 languages. I don’t know the extent of this “understanding”. In Korean, it doesn't mean that you can say "Salang heiyo" a few times, or "Faxtai" a few times, which means you master Japanese. Language learning is a long-term process, and the so-called quick learning is just a convenient fast food that treats the symptoms rather than the root cause. The introduction of some practical articles is too metaphysical. Due to the suggestions of friends, I will analyze the main points of study in detail here.

I study abroad, and my mother tongue is Chinese. The certificates I have obtained include: College English Level 6 European Standard B2; Italian CELI B1 four years ago, now close to B2; Spanish DELE B1. Let’s briefly introduce the European language level classification: A1A2 (elementary): Before students go to study in Europe, the embassy requires students to reach the A2 level. After completing A2, they can communicate in daily life and talk about life, transportation, restaurants, and weather. and other topics, and master about 800 new words.

B1B2 (Intermediate): When students enter university, the university requires students to reach the B1 level. After completing B1, they can handle professional languages ??and engage in work that serves the public. They can use this language to attend classes at the university.

C1C2 (Advanced): Level C is close to the mother tongue. Not many students take the exam in China, but it is the level required by foreign companies that work in small languages ??and have strong professionalism.

Needless to say more about Chinese and English. There are a dazzling array of white papers and red books in market bookstores. This article will focus on Italian and Spanish. If there are any shortcomings, I welcome your advice.

Italian:

Italian verbs have seven modes and eight tense changes. This is the most annoying thing for all students who are new to a small language, especially since different pronouns need to be changed accordingly. It can be said to be "look at my 72 changes".

Yin-Yang Single Complex:

This is where many people with zero foundation are confused. Apples are for women and books are for men. In layman's terms, the most common way to look at the end of a word is to look at the end of the word. Those that end with -a are feminine, and those that end with -o are masculine.

For example: apple Mela is negative; book Libro is positive.

Plural changes usually change -a into -e, and -o into -i

For example: duck Anatra → many ducks Anatre; little boy Bambino → many little boys Bambini

This is the simplest and most popular one. Of course, there are many irregularities. For example, Foto ending with -o is feminine, and words ending with -e are yin and yang. You need to memorize the details.

Parts of speech:

There are many parts of speech, such as definite article, indefinite article, adjective pronoun, etc. My personal suggestion is to memorize it in English, which will be easier to understand.

For example, possessive adjective:

English MY=Italian MIO MIA

English YOUR=Italian TUO TUA

English HIS HER＝Italian SUO SUA

The specific changes still need to be divided into yin and yang, singular and complex

Sentence structure:

THE GIRL IS BEAUTIFUL＝LA RAGAZZA E' BELLA

There are many logical structures that are similar to English. Of course, the specific changes still refer to the sentences.

Verb conjugation:

The most important thing in Italian is verb conjugation, which can be changed according to the six persons and tenses of you, me, him, you, us, them. Italian verbs are roughly divided into three categories, ending in -ARE -ERE and -IRE

Take the simplest indicative present tense as an example. Generally speaking, according to the six types of persons, the indicative present tense The conjugation is usually: I: -o You: -i He: -a/-e, and so on. There are many irregularities that need to be noted separately. Tense and voice:

Italian modes: indicative; imperative; conditional, subjunctive, adverb, infinitive and participle.

1. The tenses in the indicative tense include: present tense, near past tense, imperfect past tense, near past tense, far past tense, far past tense, simple future tense and future first tense;

2. Imperative: present tense;

3. Conditional: simple conditional and compound conditional;

4. The tenses of subjunctive are: : present tense, past tense, imperfect past tense, past tense;

5. Adverb: present tense and past tense;

6. Infinitive: present tense and past tense Time;

7. Participle form: present participle and past participle.

According to different tenses, verbs have to change differently, which can only be memorized by rote.

A simple example using the verb Finire

Language learning requires listening, speaking, reading and writing.

Listening: In addition to the necessary listening exercises, I highly recommend listening to some songs to educate and entertain. Classic as singer Laura Pausini's un'emergenza d'amore. Similarly, for watching related videos, you can simply start with cartoons. For example, I personally like the Italian version of "Detective Conan"... Don't listen to it for the sake of deliberately listening, but develop it as a hobby. and habits, blending into life naturally. I remember that when I first started learning Italian, I almost fell asleep listening to boring text recitations. Later, I could adjust well by listening to music.

Say: When integrated into life, blurting out will come naturally. I am located in Italy, so I have the corresponding locale. For domestic children's shoes, I personally suggest that if there is no corresponding environment, occasionally, when talking to people, you can think of how to say this sentence in Italian. It is of course better to have a foreign language corner. Simple things like hello CIAO, I love you TI AMO....

Read: I particularly believe in the saying that interest is the best teacher, and I have always pursued step-by-step progress. Reading foreign language books all at once can easily wear down your patience. You can start with preliminary reading of fairy tales to develop your self-confidence. I am a little girl, and I just started reading the Italian version of bedtime baby stories... Write: Develop the habit of writing, which can be in the form of a diary. What grammar did you learn, write a corresponding diary composition, etc. Here, I shyly pull out the diary I wrote when I first started learning Italian, such as learning the past tense.

It’s very mentally retarded, but as long as you persist and take it step by step, your level will gradually improve. Gradually you can write some simple short articles. For example, I was bored and wrote about food when I was reading the preparatory course.

Write diligently, practice diligently, and proceed step by step. After three years of undergraduate studies, you will be able to complete a graduation thesis of tens of thousands of words.

Spanish:

Spanish (Spanish: Espa?ol), referred to as Spanish, is ranked according to the number of first language users. There are approximately 406,000,000 people as native speakers. It is the third most spoken language in the world, after Chinese and English.

Since I have a foundation in Italian, learning Spanish will be more systematic. Summarize experience or grasp the rules and make analogies.

For example, verb conjugation:

Similar to Italian, verbs end in three forms - AR -ER and -IR

Accent marks should be emphasized, But I don’t know how to type symbols in WORD, sorry.

For example, similar grammar and usage:

ESSERE (Italian) = SER (Spanish)

AVERE (Italian) = TENER (Spanish)

STARE (Italian) = ESTAR (Spanish)

For example, similar tenses and voices:

Similarly, verbs change according to different tenses , the transpositions can only be memorized by heart. Take the Spanish verb IR as an example

Spanish is relatively widely used and is widely used in South America, Latin America, Mexico and other places.

It is also similar to Italian listening, speaking, reading and writing. Additional learning suggestions:

1. CCTV has a corresponding Spanish channel, and there is also Concurso de Espanol en China, a Spanish channel similar to the Hope English Contest. You can watch the game.

2. Learn to summarize and sort out the backbone of knowledge. Just like a cabinet, organize the corresponding drawers into categories. In comparison, Spanish has more tenses and voice changes. For a simple example, you can draw a table and write the verb conjugations of each tense in sequence.

3. Make a plan. Learning a language is not a sprint, but a marathon that you need to complete in stages. For example, the textbook I studied is the book "Manuale ALTAIR SPAGNOLO B1". This book has a total of 160 pages and a total of 11 chapters. One bite won't make you fat, so I made a plan to read a few pages a day and a chapter a few days. In this way, breaking a big goal into small goals can be easily solved.

4. Do more simulation questions and establish a set of wrong questions. Before the exam, review the questions you did wrong and the knowledge points you ignored can shorten the review time.

There are many fast-food foreign language teaching programs on the market, which blindly pursue quick results but ignore the consolidation of basic skills and comprehensive knowledge points. "What you learn on paper will eventually become shallow, but you must practice it if you know it." Learning is a step-by-step process. Develop interests, set goals and plans, draw inferences from one example, and become proficient in multiple languages. You can do it!