Branches of the Dunhuang Academy

In 1944, the National Dunhuang Art Institute was established and began the management and protection of the cultural relics of the Dunhuang Grottoes. In 1949, the National Institute of Dunhuang Art was renamed the Dunhuang Institute of Cultural Relics, a conservation room (group) was set up, and the rescue, restoration and protection of the Mogao Grottoes began. In 1984, the Dunhuang Cultural Relics Research Institute was expanded into the Dunhuang Academy, and the conservation room was subsequently expanded into the Dunhuang Academy Conservation Research Institute. It is the earliest specialized agency engaged in the protection of grotto cultural relics in my country. Over the past 50 years, it has developed into a scientific research entity mainly engaged in research on the protection of cultural relics in grottoes, restoration of murals and statues, and engineering reinforcement. The conservation institute consists of an environmental research room, an analysis research room, a restoration technology room, an archive information room, an image processing research room, and a cultural relics protection technical service center; it also houses the Dunhuang Academy Conservation Institute and the Getty Conservation Institute (GCI), the United States. Institutions such as the National Institute of Cultural Heritage in Tokyo, Japan, and the collaborative project research laboratory with Osaka University in Japan. The institute has formed a protection team consisting of nearly 50 people with doctorates, masters, bachelors, and senior, intermediate and junior professional titles in various disciplines such as chemistry, physics, engineering geology, computer, forestry, architecture, surveying and mapping, photography, meteorology, etc. Technology and restoration technical team. It also has a number of advanced analysis and environmental monitoring instruments and equipment such as X-ray diffraction, X-fluorescence, Fourier transform infrared, polarizing microscope, and fully automatic environmental monitor. The current director is Dr. Wang Xudong.

In the past few decades, the reinforcement project of three grottoes in Dunhuang has been completed, as well as the restoration and reinforcement of murals and painted sculptures. At the same time, we have assisted in the completion or ongoing completion of dozens of major cultural relics protection and maintenance projects inside and outside the province, including murals, painted sculpture restoration and earthen site reinforcement projects in Xinjiang, Qinghai, Gansu, Henan, Ningxia, Tibet, Zhejiang and other provinces. There are currently more than 40 completed and ongoing conservation research projects assigned by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage and other departments. Among them, he has won 12 national, provincial and ministerial awards and 1 national invention patent. The institute has cooperated with some domestic universities and scientific research institutes, and has successively completed the Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Commission's key scientific and technological project "Research on the Computer Storage and Management System of Dunhuang Murals", and the National Science and Technology Commission's "Ninth Five-Year Plan" National Key Scientific and Technological Project " Computer storage and reproduction system for information on endangered precious cultural relics", the National 863 Project "Application of Shuguang Tianyan Power Workstation in Cultural Relics Protection", the National Natural Science Foundation of China "Multimedia and Intelligent Technology Integration and Art Restoration" and other high-tech projects. The research and implementation of the above projects will open up a new field for my country to use computer technology to store cultural relics.

Since the late 1980s, international cooperation in the protection of the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes project has begun, and it has successively cooperated with the National Institute of Cultural Heritage in Tokyo, Japan, the Getty Conservation Institute (GCI) in the United States, Tokyo University of the Arts in Japan, and Osaka in Japan. The University, the Mellon Foundation, Northwestern University and other foreign institutions cooperate to conduct research on the protection and preservation of cultural relics in the Dunhuang Grottoes. In 1993, our institute successfully held the "International Academic Conference on the Protection of Ancient Sites on the Silk Road" together with the American GCI and the China Institute of Cultural Relics. Funded by the UNESCO and entrusted by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the "Chinese Grottoes Cultural Relics Protection Research Training Course" was held. In 2000, entrusted by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage, the "Training Course on the Protection of Earthen Relics" was held.

The Conservation Research Institute of the Dunhuang Academy will be based in Dunhuang, facing the grottoes, murals, and earthen sites across the country, looking at the world, continuing to strengthen cooperation and exchanges with domestic and foreign countries, and seizing the rare development opportunity of the Western Development. Make new contributions to the protection of human cultural heritage. The Institute of Fine Arts originated from the National Dunhuang Art Institute established in 1944. In 1950, it was established as the Fine Arts Research Institute of the Dunhuang Institute of Cultural Relics, and in 1984, it became the Fine Arts Institute of the Dunhuang Academy.

The Institute of Fine Arts currently has 20 professionals, including 16 for painting, 2 for sculpture, 2 for mounting, and 1 for administration.

The Institute of Fine Arts is mainly engaged in copying and replicating Dunhuang murals, theoretical research on Dunhuang art, and artistic creation activities. It is a professional institution for copying, reproducing and researching murals of a certain scale and level in China.

After several generations of hard work, the Institute of Fine Arts now has more than 2,000 copies of murals, more than 50 painted sculptures, 11 replicas of the original caves, and more than 30 research papers. In addition to copying the murals of Mogao Grottoes, Yulin Grottoes, and West Thousand Buddha Caves in Dunhuang, we were also invited to copy and reproduce the tombs of Prince Zhanghuai and Prince Yide in Shaanxi, Kizil murals in Xinjiang, Baicheng murals, Jiayuguan, Dunhuang Wei Jin tomb portrait bricks, etc.

In order to carry forward the excellent cultural heritage of the Chinese nation, Dunhuang murals and painted sculptures have been exhibited in more than 20 domestic and foreign art exhibitions from 1943 to the end of 2000, allowing more people to learn about it. The splendid Dunhuang art created by the ancient working people.

The Institute of Fine Arts created large-scale indoor and outdoor murals for Dunhuang Railway Station and Lanzhou Railway Station. Created Buddhist murals for Chi Lin Nunnery in Hong Kong. On the road of inheriting the essence of traditional art and moving towards the creation of new murals, he left footprints of exploration. The Dunhuang Document Research Institute of the Dunhuang Academy was established in 1980. It was originally the Posthumous Notes Research Office of the Dunhuang Institute of Cultural Relics. In 1984, it was expanded into the Posthumous Notes Research Institute of the Dunhuang Academy. In 1995, it was renamed. It is a functional department of the Dunhuang Academy that specializes in the collation and research of Dunhuang documents. It is mainly engaged in the collation and research of various documents unearthed from the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, including Dunhuang Buddhist documents, Dunhuang socio-economic documents, and Dunhuang historical geography. Compilation and research of documents, Dunhuang scientific and technological history documents, Dunhuang literary documents, Dunhuang Taoist and other religious documents, Buddhist scripture cave artworks, etc. Recently, according to the needs of the development of Dunhuang studies and its own research conditions, researchers at the Dunhuang Literature Research Institute have mainly focused on the combined research of Dunhuang documents and Dunhuang Grottoes, and the combined research of Dunhuang documents and Dunhuang history and geography.

The Editorial Department of the Dunhuang Academy

The main functions of the Editorial Department of the Dunhuang Academy are to edit, publish and distribute "Dunhuang Studies" and to plan, compile and edit collections and atlases of Dunhuang studies. "Dunhuang Studies" edited by the department has been published from irregular to quarterly and bimonthly since its inception in 1983. Over the past 20 years, it has published more than 70 issues. In conjunction with large-scale international academic symposiums, it has published 5 additional issues. The journal has had a good influence in the Dunhuang academic circles and the journal circles in my country. It is listed as a permanent journal in some national libraries, universities, scientific research units, and cultural relics departments at home and abroad. It is also a must-have journal on the desks of some experts and scholars. It is also listed in the Chinese Core journals of social sciences. "Dunhuang Studies" has won the Gansu Provincial Outstanding Social Science Journal Award, the First-Class Famous Journal Award and the National Outstanding Social Science Journal Award. It has been included in the first and second national 100 key social science journals and the "Double High" journal of the Chinese Journal Phalanx .

For more than 20 years, the department has organized, edited and published the "Collected Works of the 1983 National Dunhuang Studies Symposium" (4 volumes), the "Collected Works of the 1987 International Dunhuang Grottoes Symposium" (2 volumes), and the "1990 Dunhuang "Proceedings of the International Symposium on Dunhuang Studies" (4 volumes), "Proceedings of the 1994 International Symposium on Dunhuang Studies" (4 volumes), "Proceedings of the 2000 International Symposium on Dunhuang Studies" (4 volumes), "Collection of Dunhuang Studies" (5 volumes) Volume), "Dunhuang Grottoes Art" (Volume 30), etc. Many of them have won provincial and national publishing awards. The editorial department takes it as its mission to display academic achievements and promote Dunhuang art. The main function of the Photography Department of the Dunhuang Academy is to provide pictures, videos and other information materials for the protection, research and promotion of the Dunhuang Grottoes. The department currently maintains nearly 40,000 photographic materials of various types of cave cultural relics taken since the 1950s; nearly 100 disks of various video materials taken since the 1980s.

For a long time, this department has been responsible for a large number of photography work for domestic and foreign publications on Dunhuang Grottoes art, such as "The Complete Collection of Chinese Art·Dunhuang Mural Volume", "The Complete Collection of Chinese Art·Sculpture Volume", "China Grottoes·Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes" (5 volumes), "Chinese Grottoes·Yulin Grottoes in Anxi", "Encyclopedia of Chinese Murals·Dunhuang" (10 volumes), "Encyclopedia of Chinese Grotto Sculptures·Dunhuang Volume", "Dunhuang Grottoes Art" (22 volumes) Volumes), "Complete Collection of Dunhuang Grottoes Art" (28 volumes), "China Dunhuang", "Dunhuang Classic Fifty Grottoes", "Dunhuang Grottoes Appreciation Series", etc.; the department also produced a video feature film "The Art of Mogao Grottoes" and "Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes Art" VCD disc; in addition to photographing grotto cultural relics, the department also photographed a large number of photography works about the Silk Road's historical sites and natural scenery and compiled them for publication. The full name of the Dunhuang Academy Exhibition Center is the "Dunhuang Grottoes Cultural Relics Conservation Research and Exhibition Center". It is the only grotto-type cultural relics preservation and exhibition institution in my country. It covers an area of ??more than 20,000 square meters and a building area of ??more than 5,000 square meters. It is funded by the Japanese government free of charge. Construction started in February 1992 and was completed in April 1994. It was officially opened on August 21 of the same year.

The center is equipped with a video studio and three exhibition areas, where the essence and development history of Dunhuang Grottoes art are displayed.

The first exhibition area is the eight original large replica caves. They are Cave 275 of the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes during the Sixteen Kingdoms Period, Cave 249 and Cave 285 of the Western Wei Dynasty, Cave 419 of the Sui Dynasty, Cave 220 of the Early Tang Dynasty, Cave 220 of the Early Tang Dynasty, and Cave 285 of the Western Wei Dynasty. Cave 217, Cave 3 of the Yuan Dynasty and Cave 25 of the Tang Dynasty in the Yulin Grottoes of Anxi are all outstanding representative caves of each period, showing the style of Dunhuang Grottoes art from the Sixteen Kingdoms to the Yuan Dynasty for a thousand years. The second exhibition area is the display of cultural relics from the Dunhuang Grottoes, which displays fine cultural relics unearthed from the Dunhuang Grottoes. The third exhibition area is located on the second floor of the central exhibition hall. It is a mobile exhibition area that can hold various exhibitions and special cultural relics displays. The official exhibition is the "Tibetan Bronze Sculpture Art Exhibition", which displays fine Tibetan Buddhist Vajra statues and has high cultural relic value. and ornamental value.

Under the Exhibition Center, there are departments such as cultural relic collection management, display, interpretation services, and equipment management. They manage the daily operation and opening of the Exhibition Center, and host various exhibitions and external exhibition activities of the Dunhuang Academy. It provides people with powerful help and support for a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the Dunhuang Grottoes and Dunhuang Buddhist art. The Dunhuang Sutra Cave Exhibition Hall is a special exhibition hall under the jurisdiction of the Dunhuang Academy Exhibition Center. It is located in the Sanqing Palace at the northern end of the southern area of ??Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, adjacent to the famous "Sutra Cave (Cave 17)" at home and abroad. Sanqing Palace is commonly known as Xia Temple. In May of the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1900), Taoist Wang Yuanlu, a native of Macheng, Hubei Province, discovered a Buddhist scripture cave on the side of the temple. Later, he privately sold the cultural relics in the cave and raised funds. In the 34th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1908) (Year), the former Sanqing Palace was rebuilt and he lived here. This temple is an important witness to the discovery and theft of cultural relics in the Tibetan Buddhist Cave. Over the years, it has been lost in repairs. On the 100th anniversary of the discovery of the Sutra Cave, the Dunhuang Academy restored and rebuilt the temple and opened it as the "Dunhuang Sutra Cave Exhibition Hall" to display the exquisite cultural relics and the historical facts of the discovery and dispersion of the Sutra Cave to inform future generations.

In the Sutra Cave Exhibition Hall, there is the former residence of Taoist Wang Yuanlu. Historical facts about the excavation, closure, discovery, dispersion, and theft of the Sutra Cave are displayed, as well as the documents unearthed from the Sutra Cave, Buddhist scriptures and other cultural relics collected by the Dunhuang Academy. Authentic works are displayed, as well as copied silk paintings and paper paintings currently collected in the British Museum and the Guimet Museum in France. It is an important tourist reception place in Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. The reception department of the Dunhuang Academy is mainly responsible for explaining and promoting the art of the Mogao Grottoes. The instructors have received systematic professional training and strict assessment. There are seven explanation languages: Chinese, English, Japanese, French, German, Korean and Russian. The foreign language commentators have all undergone systematic further studies in formal foreign language schools and can explain in a relatively fluent language.

In order to provide good tourism reception while ensuring the safety of cultural relics, the department’s reception methods are as follows:

1. All tourists will visit under the leadership of the department’s commentators .

2. After purchasing the tickets, the travel team will directly contact the tour guide at the department.

3. Domestic and individual tourists gather at the entrance. Each group of about 25 people will be assigned a guide to lead the tour.

4. During the peak tourist season (June to October), foreign language explanations will be arranged regularly every day (9:00 am, 2:30 pm). In other months, we will arrange them as needed.

5. On the May Day International Labor Day, the National Day and the eighth day of the fourth lunar month (Buddha Bathing Day), domestic guests will be guarded and explained, and foreign guests will be led to visit and explain. The Security Office of the Dunhuang Academy was established in August 1989. It is mainly responsible for the safety and security of the three grottoes and cultural relics in the Mogao Grottoes, Yulin Grottoes, and West Thousand Buddha Caves under the jurisdiction of the Dunhuang Academy, as well as the public security management of the area under its jurisdiction. Implement various safety precautions to "prevent theft, fire, vandalism, and disaster accidents." Strictly manage all aspects of public security and strengthen comprehensive management of social security. Prevent and combat various illegal and criminal activities, ensure the safety of cultural relics and the stability of social security, and safeguard the smooth development of various undertakings of the Dunhuang Academy.

Since 1989, the Security Office of the Dunhuang Research Institute has been rated as an advanced unit of "Comprehensive Social Security Management" by Jiuquan District and Dunhuang City for consecutive years; since 1994, it has been awarded the "First Class Standard" unit of the Jiuquan District Public Security System. ; It has been rated as an advanced collective in the public security system by the Dunhuang Municipal Public Security Bureau for consecutive years; in 1996, it was awarded the advanced collective of "National Cultural and Museum System Security and Security Work"; in 2000, it was awarded the title of "Non-toxic Community" in Jiuquan District; in 2001, it was rated as "Fire Protection System" by Dunhuang City "Advanced work unit". The Party Committee Office of the Dunhuang Academy is a comprehensive office under the Party Committee of the Academy.

The main responsibilities are to investigate and study the party's line, principles, policies and the implementation of the entire hospital, propose implementation opinions to the party committee, and organize implementation; grasp the ideological trends of party members, cadres and the masses throughout the hospital, and conduct comprehensive analysis and research, Purposefully and plannedly arrange for party members, cadres and the masses to carry out study; inspect and urge all party branches to implement the party committee's resolutions and carry out organizational life, and actively do a good job in the development of party members; in accordance with the "Regulations on the Selection and Appointment of Party and Government Leading Cadres", do a good job in cadres training, inspection, and appointment work; do a good job in inner-party supervision, cooperate with the discipline inspection team of the hospital, strengthen the construction of party style and clean government, and do a good job in the letter and visit work of party members and cadres; do a good job in the construction of the patriotic education base of our hospital; do a good job in the *** youth Youth League, women, united front, confidentiality, comprehensive management of social security, etc.; do a good job in sending, receiving, circulating, processing, and archiving of intra-party documents.