What policies did Nixon propose to develop a new partnership with Europe?

The Nixon Doctrine takes "partnership" as its core, strength as its backing, and negotiation as its means. Nixon regarded them as the three basic principles guiding U.S. foreign policy, or the three pillars of U.S. diplomacy. Specifically, ▲Core: "Partnership" is used to adjust relations with Europe and Japan. By establishing "partnership" with Europe and Japan, it maintains the Western strategic alliance and shares security responsibilities. In 1972, administrative power over Okinawa was returned to Japan, and 1973 was designated as the "Year of Europe" in U.S. diplomacy. In June 1974, the Declaration on Atlantic Relations was signed with Western Europe to establish a new, relatively more equal relationship between the United States and Europe. ▲Backing: The "strength" policy is to maintain the United States' status as the world's largest military power, implement a "realistic deterrence strategy", and change "two and a half wars" to "one and a half wars", that is, to abandon a large-scale conventional war in Asia The strategic deployment of the war was to shrink from Asia and ensure that Europe was the strategic focus. On January 27, 1973, the "Paris Agreement on Vietnam" was signed with Vietnam, ending the Vietnam War. ▲Method: "Negotiation" is a means of regulating the triangle relationship between China, the United States and the Soviet Union and the relationship between the United States and other international forces. . ●In the 1970s, relations between the United States and the Soviet Union eased. Nixon and Soviet leaders held three summit meetings and signed 34 agreements on issues such as the restriction of strategic nuclear weapons, bilateral relations, and economic and technological cooperation. ●In 1972, Nixon visited China and issued the "Shanghai Communique" with China, recognizing the "One China" principle and opening the door to the normalization of Sino-US relations. Nixon's diplomatic strategy was proposed in order to safeguard American interests and continue to dominate the world when the United States' national power was declining. It was a turning point in the United States' postwar diplomatic strategy and foreign policy. ▲2. The basic points of the "Nixon Doctrine" are: ▲● (1) End the Vietnam War and conduct strategic contraction in Asia. After entering the White House, Nixon was determined to end the war of aggression in Vietnam and achieve a "glorious peace" in order to dispel the "ghost of the Vietnam War" and "reverse the decline in American morale (morality) and dignity." ▲●(2) Strengthen partnership with NATO member states and Japan. Since the mid-1960s, differences and frictions between Europe and the United States in politics, economy, diplomacy and even defense have become increasingly exposed. Nixon took new measures to deal with the problems arising in the United States and Europe under the new circumstances. As early as February 1969, when Nixon visited Europe, he stated that "the United States is determined to use a new polite attitude to listen well to the opinions of its NATO partners", continue to fulfill its military obligations to NATO, provide security guarantees, and Consider NATO "the cornerstone of the entire U.S. security policy." ▲●(3) Promote a “realistic deterrence strategy”. Its main characteristics are: changing the conventional force posture from "two and a half wars" to "one and a half wars", preparing to fight a big war with the Soviet Union in Europe, and at the same time preparing to fight a small war in Northeast Asia, the Middle East and other places; strategy Nuclear power replaces "superiority theory" with "sufficiency theory". At the same time, he believes that there is a stage of theater nuclear war between conventional war and nuclear war, and advocates the development of theater nuclear forces to increase the United States' options; he believes that the Soviet Union's attack on Western Europe will be a blitzkrieg, and the U.S. military stationed in Europe must be prepared in peacetime. , and must implement a "strategic division of labor" with allies and "share the responsibility." In August 1974, President Nixon was forced to resign due to the "Watergate Incident", and the subsequent Ford government basically followed the "Nixon Doctrine" .