Shanxi construction site safety information?

How many buildings were "fireworks"

In 2003, a huge fire broke out in Yuzhen Palace, one of the important palaces in the ancient architectural complex of Wudang Mountain. The fire destroyed the centuries-old hall.

In 2004, a fire broke out in the west wing of the Huguo Temple, a giant royal temple in Beijing founded in the Yuan Dynasty. The cause was a fire in the transformer box of a clothing factory. The area burned was 187 square meters. The west wing of the hall has experienced more than 700 years of wind and rain. It was burned beyond recognition in the raging fire, leaving only broken walls swaying in the wind.

More and more severe fires are increasingly threatening the safety of ancient buildings. Nationwide, fires in ancient buildings have been reported frequently: On January 25, 1990, an incident occurred in Shizang Temple, Hainan Prefecture, Qinghai Province. A major fire; on September 19, 1992, a fire broke out in the Sutra Collection Building of Jingzhong Temple in Yangzhou City due to leftover cigarette butts; on February 29, 2000, a fire broke out at the Qiqushan Temple in Zitong County, Sichuan, burning down the archway on the side of the Guanshen Temple; 2002 On December 2, 2003, a fire broke out in a Hanging Temple built in the Tang Dynasty in Ningwu, Shanxi, and the Hanging Temple was completely destroyed. In March 2003, a fire broke out in the Confucian Temple in Guangling County, Datong City, Shanxi Province. Since there was no fire brigade in the county, Coupled with the lack of water, the main hall of the Confucian Temple was burned down.

Causes of "burning camps"

Why are so many ancient buildings so fragile in the face of fire, and are they often "burned down"?

According to relevant experts’ analysis of fire cases in ancient buildings since the 1950s, human factors accounted for 76.8% and non-human factors accounted for 11%; fires caused by management reasons accounted for 31.7%, and fires caused by use problems accounted for 31.7%. The number of fires caused by fires accounted for 45.1%; the number of fires that could be discovered and put out in time accounted for 7.3%. The survey found that more than 80% of fires in ancient buildings are caused by small fires, which should theoretically be discovered and extinguished. However, the reason for causing major disasters is not only people's weak fire awareness and lax management, but also the backward fire protection facilities. , Equipment settings are not in place, which is an important reason for the expansion of fire. Therefore, how to apply modern fire protection technology, combine the current characteristics of my country's ancient buildings and local people's sentiments, and build a two-layer protection system for ancient building fire prevention and extinguishing under the premise of economical application has become a top priority for the protection of ancient buildings in my country.

Fire safety countermeasures and scientific methods that urgently need to be solved

Units that manage and use ancient buildings should conscientiously study and implement the "Fire Protection Law" and other relevant regulations, and determine an administrative leader to be fully responsible for the unit For fire safety work, identify the fire safety manager of the unit, implement the night inspection system, organize regular fire safety inspections, and promptly rectify fire hazards; establish fire prevention files; organize fire prevention publicity and education; formulate fire-fighting emergency plans, and organize fire-fighting evacuation drills.

Due to the particularity of ancient buildings, units that manage and use ancient buildings should strictly manage fire sources, power sources and various flammable and explosive items in ancient buildings. The use of fire, lighting and electricity in ancient buildings, including the installation of incense burners, must comply with fire safety regulations, and liquefied petroleum gas and gas pipelines are not allowed. In key and critical places, clear signs saying "No Fireworks" should be set up. When lighting candles in ancient buildings, low-power light bulbs should be used instead. Burning incense and paper should be done outdoors in a sheltered area with a special incense burner. The installation of electric lights and other electrical equipment in ancient buildings must be approved by the cultural heritage administrative department, and electrical safety technical regulations must be strictly followed. Ancient buildings should also install lightning protection devices as much as possible and implement lightning protection measures. Firewood, wood and flammable and explosive chemical hazardous materials piled within the scope of ancient buildings should be relocated as soon as possible. If there are temporary buildings in or adjacent to ancient buildings that destroy the original fire separation and fire separation, they should be demolished resolutely. Important wooden components and key protected areas in ancient buildings, as well as various cotton, linen, silk and wool textile ornaments, curtains, umbrella covers, etc. hanging in ancient buildings should be treated with fire retardant treatment.

In addition, fire-fighting facilities should be improved and self-prevention and self-rescue capabilities should be improved. Firefighting water supply systems should be designed and arranged within the scope of ancient buildings, and artificial wells and natural water sources or municipal water sources should be fully utilized to gradually solve firefighting water supply; in areas with firefighting pipelines, outdoor fire hydrants should be set up in accordance with relevant regulations, or firefighting pools should be built according to the actual conditions of the region. Set up fire water tanks. Fire water supply can adopt a water supply system that combines domestic water and fire water. For ancient buildings between cities, outdoor fire hydrants should be installed using the municipal water supply network.

Remote ancient buildings should also be equipped with underground fire-fighting pools or dug water wells. The minimum capacity of the fire-fighting pool should be enough to extinguish a fire and ensure a water consumption of no less than 2 hours. And be equipped with enough mobile fire extinguishers as required, set up fire alarms, automatic sprinkler systems, and if conditions permit, install telephones or mobile phones for alarm purposes; For main wooden components such as sandalwood, rafters and floor slabs, paint or spray fire-retardant paint on the surface of the wood to form a protective fire-retardant film to reduce the burning performance of the wood surface and prevent the rapid spread of fire; outside the walls of ancient buildings for 20 The accumulation of fallen leaves and the growth of weeds are not allowed within 1 meter.

Fire protection in ancient buildings must be combined with the characteristics of the ancient buildings. The integrity of the original building structure or the image of the ancient buildings should not be damaged in order to install fire-fighting equipment.

Ancient buildings are irreplaceable and non-renewable historical and cultural heritage and the crystallization of human wisdom. It requires us to work hard to build fire protection systems for ancient buildings in the spirit of being responsible for history, the people and future generations. The new management mechanism ensures the fire safety of ancient buildings, which will benefit the contemporary era and serve the future, making the ancient and magical ancient buildings in China shine more brilliantly.